The Body Structural Optimization Based on Safe Side Impact

2014 ◽  
Vol 541-542 ◽  
pp. 514-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang Yao Zhao ◽  
Yi Feng Zhao ◽  
Li Yang Xie ◽  
Xue Jiao Li
Keyword(s):  
Structural Optimization ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
The Body ◽  
Side Impact ◽  
The Real ◽  
Safe Side ◽  
Body In White ◽  
The Cost

In view of analyzing the whole side crashworthiness, based on C-NCAP side impact regulations, this study has analyzed the structural characteristics influencing the side impact of car, and proposed the corresponding structural optimization case. According to FEM, the body optimization case has been simulated and contrasted with the real results. As a result, a good side crashworthiness of the car has been obtained, which helps reduce the cost and the quality of the car. Besides, the study has also done simulation work of the rigidity and modal of the body-in-white and compared it with the real results, which has further tested the correctness of optimization model and helped achieve effective approaches to the design of the car side crashworthiness.

scholarly journals Unstable Hemostasis and Specific Postoperative Complications (Literature Review)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 98-102
Author(s):  
D. V. Lebedeva ◽  
E. A. Ilyicheva
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cost Of Treatment ◽  
Duration Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Technical Errors ◽  
Perioperative Bleeding ◽  
The Cost

Perioperative bleeding occupies a leading place among all surgical complications and, despite the rapid development of surgery, remains relevant to this day. In addition to an increase in mortality, bleeding can cause the development of other postoperative complications, which lead to disability of patients and to a decrease in the quality of life in all age groups. Most perioperative bleeding are caused by technical errors. This article reviews the problem of perioperative bleeding from the point of view of impaired coagulation capabilities of the body. The main etiopathogenetic features of hemostasis during the development of this complication are considered. The analysis of postoperative complications, which were directly or indirectly caused by bleeding during or after surgery, is presented. The prevalence of these complications in various areas of surgery has been demonstrated. More detailed study of the hemostasis system and the identification of predictors of hemostasis difficulties before the surgery may cause an improvement in the results of surgical treatment and reduce the number of postoperative complications and the duration of hospital stay. Accordingly, this will lead to a decrease in the cost of treatment and an increase in patient satisfaction with the medical care. In connection with the above, there is a great interest among surgeons and anesthesiologists in preventing the development of perioperative bleeding.

scholarly journals Radio Planning Considerations in TETRA to LTE Migration for PPDR Systems: A Radioelectric Coverage Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego del Rey Carrión ◽  
Leandro Juan-Llácer ◽  
José-Víctor Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Radio Communications ◽  
The Real ◽  
Lte Network ◽  
Real Scenario ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Areas Of Interest ◽  
Radio Planning

Transitioning a Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA) network to a Long-Term Evolution (LTE) network in public protection and disaster relief (PPDR) systems is a path to providing future services requiring high radio interface throughput and allowing broadband PPDR (BB-PPDR) radio communications. Users of TETRA networks are currently considering how to deploy a BB-PPDR network in the coming years. This study offers several radio planning considerations in TETRA to LTE migration for such networks. The conclusions are obtained from a case study in which both measurements and radioelectric coverage simulations were carried out for the real scenario of the Murcia Region, Spain, for both TETRA and LTE systems. The proposed considerations can help PPDR agencies efficiently estimate the cost of converting a TETRA network to an LTE network. Uniquely in this study, the total area is divided into geographical areas of interest that are defined as administrative divisions (region, municipal areas, etc.). The analysis was carried out using a radio planning tool based on a geographic information system and the measurements have been used to tune the propagation models. According to the real scenario considered, the number of sites needed in the LTE network—for a specific quality of service (90% for the whole region and 85% for municipal areas)—is a factor of 2.4 higher than for TETRA network.

Optimizing spot welding parameters in a sheet metal assembly by neural networks and genetic algorithm

2007 ◽  
Vol 221 (7) ◽  
pp. 1175-1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Hamedi ◽  
M Shariatpanahi ◽  
A Mansourzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Spot Welding ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Welding Current ◽  
The Body ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Automotive Body ◽  
Body In White ◽  
Assembly Operations

Deformation of the spot-welded sub-assemblies in assembly operations and the gap between the matching sub-assemblies have been quality concerns specifically in the automotive industry. Overall quality of the car body and its sub-assemblies, apart from quality of each stamped part, depends markedly on the welding process. This paper considers optimization of three important process parameters in the spot welding of the body components, namely welding current, welding time, and gun force. In this research, first the effects of these parameters on deformation of the sub-assemblies are experimentally investigated. Then neural networks and multi-objective genetic algorithms are utilized to select the optimum values of welding parameters that yield the least values of dimensional deviations in the sub-assemblies. Welding sub-assemblies with the optimized set of parameters brought all of them into the tolerance range. The proposed approach can be utilized in manufacturing sub-assemblies that can fit and match better with adjacent parts in the automotive body. It enhances quality of the joint and will result in improving overall quality of the body in white.

Structure Improvement and Experiment Validation for a Car Side Impact

2012 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 133-137
Author(s):  
Xi Long Sun ◽  
Deng Feng Wang ◽  
Fang Lu
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Side Impact ◽  
Impact Model ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Comparison Analysis ◽  
Impact Simulation ◽  
Production Development ◽  
Experiment Validation ◽  
Structure Improvement ◽  
Body In White

A side impact simulation model for a car was built according to China New Car Assessment Programme(CNCAP) and the 120ms response of the side impact was calculated by Pam-Crash software. The side security performance of base model was evaluated with the assessment criteria for the side security which was defined base on the experience and development requirement. Because of the stiffness insufficiency of base model, the body side structure was improved by multiple optimizations to improve the side security performance of body-in-white. The optimal scheme was validated by the test results, and the side security performance satisfies the production development requirements. The reliability and accuracy of the side impact model were validated according to the comparison analysis of test and simulation.

BIW Modal Analysis and Research Based on the NVH

2013 ◽  
Vol 281 ◽  
pp. 299-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mao Ting Li ◽  
Hua Jin Yan ◽  
Li Ming Ai
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Structural Optimization ◽  
Modal Analysis ◽  
Resonance Peak ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stiffness Analysis ◽  
The Core ◽  
Body In White ◽  
Research Objects ◽  
Local Stiffness

The car body-in-white as the core research objects, NVH performance based on white body in finite element modeling and numerical modal analysis, this paper finds out the natural frequency of vibration may cause the BIW’s resonance. It indicates the direction to improve body-in-white NVH performance, local stiffness and further structural optimization through testing modal, stiffness analysis and NTF / VTF experiments to validate the numerical results of the modal analysis of the credibility and the body-in-white how much frequency or frequency band resonance peak caused by the body.

Improvement of the Frontal Structure of a Bus for Crash Accidents

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Jeyakumar ◽  
G. Devaradjane
Keyword(s):  
Geometric Modeling ◽  
The Body ◽  
Side Impact ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Power Train ◽  
Frontal Crash ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Body In White ◽  
Bus Structure

The increasing legal and customer demands on passive safety of automobiles have to be fulfilled under the conditions of shortened development times and cost reductions. Today the design process of a bus with regard to its crashworthiness function is driven by a virtual development. A wide range of different applications has to be covered by simulation influencing the design of body-in-white, interior and exterior trim, chassis and power train. In recent days more emphasis has been given to Passenger bus rollover analysis and side impact but the study of frontal impact behaviour of the passenger bus is ignored. The finite element analysis is used for estimating the damage of the passenger bus due to the frontal crash. The vehicle model is allowed to frontal crash with rigid material. The deformation and displacement characteristics of the structure are analyzed at different speeds. Geometric modeling of the bus structure has been created by using CATIA cad package and discritized by ANSYS LS-Dyna. The numerical simulation is carried out for different velocities of bus structure. The results of displacement during collision are plotted on the graph. Some improvements were suggested in the body structure after analysing different types of crack initiators.

scholarly journals Effects of integrated reporting on the cost of capital and analysts’ forecasts errors: A study of Johannesburg Stock Exchange listed mining firms

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhekisisa N. Ngcobo ◽  
Mabutho Sibanda
Keyword(s):  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Equity Capital ◽  
The Body ◽  
Forecast Errors ◽  
Cost Of Equity Capital ◽  
Cost Of Equity ◽  
Integrated Reporting ◽  
Johannesburg Stock Exchange ◽  
The Cost

Orientation: Integrated reporting (IR) has gained traction over the last decade. Although IR became mandatory for all firms listed on Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) in 2010, the International Integrated Reporting Council (IIRC) issued the IR framework in December 2013.Research Purpose: The study seeks to investigate the effects of IR on the cost of equity capital and analysts’ forecast errors for the mining firms listed on JSE.Motivation for the study: A large part of empirical evidence highlights benefits of IR; however, some studies still find no link between the quality of integrated reports and economic benefits for the reporting firm. It is against this backdrop that the study investigates effects of integrated reports on the cost of equity capital and analysts’ forecast errors.Research approach, design and method: We use a quantitative research design to test effects of IR on the cost of equity capital and analysts’ forecast errors. We study used a panel regression to analyse relationship amongst IR, cost of equity capital and analysts’ forecast errors.Main findings: The study found a significant negative relationship between IR scores and cost of equity and analysts’ forecast errors.Practical or managerial application: The findings of the study could incentivise managers in other jurisdictions where IR is not mandatory. Furthermore, findings may contribute to the existing discourse on firm-based benefits related to the quality of IR.Contribution or value addition: The study contributes to the body of knowledge with regard to possible benefits associated with compliance with the IR reporting framework.

scholarly journals KOMUNIKASI SIMBOLIK PADA TRADISI MELI BOK DALAM RANGKAIAN UPACARA NELUBULANIN DI DESA PAKRMAN PILING KECAMATAN PEBEBEL KABUPATEN TABANAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 608
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Wayan Sunarti
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Group Communication ◽  
The Body ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Real Form ◽  
Material World ◽  
The Real ◽  
Symbolic Communication ◽  
Religious Ritual

<p><em>Traditions in Hindu basically used as a part of religion ritual as the real form of Acara. Every village in Bali has their own tradition. One of them is Meli Bok tradition as a series of nelubulanin ritual in Piling village, Penebel subdistric, Tabanan regency. It is a for om symbolic communication which is done by Piling villagers. This meaningful tradition is a symbol of gratitude, joy, and pure bhakti by Piling villagers. In the implementation of the tradition or religious ritual, there are interpersonal, intrapersonal, and group communication. There is meaning in every religious ritual, as well as the Meli Bok tradition which has social solidarity meaning, holy meaning, gratitude meaning, and religious meaning. </em></p><p><em>Cutting hair ritual has function to balance or improve self quality of the baby. It is because atman will be affected by the material world as it obsess into human body. This cutting hair ritual is done to build the harmony between atman and the body. The first hair will be bought and put into a ketupat sirikan. And the money will be purified by using banten sesayut perbersihan and placed on a pelangkiran.</em></p><p><em>The implementation of Meli Bok tradition is a form of love and showing honor for the baby or forefathers who are believed to be reincarnated on the baby. Piling villagers show their honor by buying the hair of the baby, because hair is the most sacred part of human body. The money used to buy the hair is a symbol to fulfill Artha which is called as catur purusa artha in Hindu’s believes. Through Meli Bok tradition implementation, it also improve the villagers’ feeling of togetherness and kinship.    </em></p>

How Far Have We Progressed in Identifying Self-admitted Technical Debts? A Comprehensive Empirical Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-56
Author(s):  
Zhaoqiang Guo ◽  
Shiran Liu ◽  
Jinping Liu ◽  
Yanhui Li ◽  
Lin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Software Maintenance ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Simple Approach ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Technical Debt ◽  
The Real ◽  
Unsupervised Approach ◽  
Real Progress ◽  
The Cost

Background. Self-admitted technical debt (SATD) is a special kind of technical debt that is intentionally introduced and remarked by code comments. Those technical debts reduce the quality of software and increase the cost of subsequent software maintenance. Therefore, it is necessary to find out and resolve these debts in time. Recently, many automatic approaches have been proposed to identify SATD. Problem. Popular IDEs support a number of predefined task annotation tags for indicating SATD in comments, which have been used in many projects. However, such clear prior knowledge is neglected by existing SATD identification approaches when identifying SATD. Objective. We aim to investigate how far we have really progressed in the field of SATD identification by comparing existing approaches with a simple approach that leverages the predefined task tags to identify SATD. Method. We first propose a simple heuristic approach that fuzzily Matches task Annotation Tags ( MAT ) in comments to identify SATD. In nature, MAT is an unsupervised approach, which does not need any data to train a prediction model and has a good understandability. Then, we examine the real progress in SATD identification by comparing MAT against existing approaches. Result. The experimental results reveal that: (1) MAT has a similar or even superior performance for SATD identification compared with existing approaches, regardless of whether non-effort-aware or effort-aware evaluation indicators are considered; (2) the SATDs (or non-SATDs) correctly identified by existing approaches are highly overlapped with those identified by MAT ; and (3) supervised approaches misclassify many SATDs marked with task tags as non-SATDs, which can be easily corrected by their combinations with MAT . Conclusion. It appears that the problem of SATD identification has been (unintentionally) complicated by our community, i.e., the real progress in SATD comments identification is not being achieved as it might have been envisaged. We hence suggest that, when many task tags are used in the comments of a target project, future SATD identification studies should use MAT as an easy-to-implement baseline to demonstrate the usefulness of any newly proposed approach.

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