A Speculative Approach to Improve the Double Instruction Executions in the Embedded Chips

2014 ◽  
Vol 635-637 ◽  
pp. 1072-1075
Author(s):  
Xiang Zhi Lu ◽  
Hong Jun Dai ◽  
Lei Ju
Keyword(s):  
Fault Tolerance ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Data Path ◽  
Tolerance Mechanisms ◽  
Performance Loss ◽  
Transient Errors ◽  
Transient Error ◽  
Simulation Results

Diminutive devices of present and future microprocessor generations are drawing increased attentions for transient errors. To address reliability issues, fault tolerance mechanisms must be taken into consideration. In this paper, we involve Reliability Station (RS) into modern superscalar out-of-order data path. In our proposed mechanism, each instruction in the pipeline will be executed twice and the dual results are stored in RS before they can be used. The fault detection is completed by a comparison between the two results and the recovery is achieved by re-executed the corresponding instructions. The simulation results of 12 benchmarks chosen from spec2000 and mibench show that the performance loss of our solution ranges from 30.29% to 83.32% with an average of 54.90% compared to single instruction execution, which is lower than that of Double Instruction Execution (DIE) schemes with an average of 78.42%. Meanwhile, due to the high efficiency of the recovery, our mechanism will exhibit better performance and power efficiency than DIEs within high transient error rates.

Design Technique of High Power Efficiency LLC DC-DC Converters for Photovoltaic Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Hisatsugu Kato ◽  
Yoichi Ishizuka ◽  
Kohei Ueda ◽  
Shotaro Karasuyama ◽  
Atsushi Ogasahara
Keyword(s):  
High Power ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Photovoltaic Cells ◽  
Input Voltage ◽  
Design Technique ◽  
Load Range ◽  
Voltage Range ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Secondary Side ◽  
High Power Efficiency

This paper proposes a design technique of high power efficiency LLC DC-DC Converters for Photovoltaic Cells. The secondary side circuit and transformer fabrication of proposed circuit are optimized for overcoming the disadvantage of limited input voltage range and, realizing high power efficiency over a wide load range of LLC DC-DC converters. The optimized technique is described with theoretically and with simulation results. Some experimental results have been obtained with the prototype circuit designed for the 80 - 400 V input voltage range. The maximum power efficiency is 98 %.

Tail shapes lead to different propulsive mechanisms in the body/caudal fin undulation of fish

2020 ◽  
pp. 095440622096768
Author(s):  
Jialei Song ◽  
Yong Zhong ◽  
Ruxu Du ◽  
Ling Yin ◽  
Yang Ding
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
The Body ◽  
Caudal Fin ◽  
Fish Model ◽  
Swimming Efficiency ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Propulsive Mechanism ◽  
High Depth

In this paper, we investigate the hydrodynamics of swimmers with three caudal fins: a round one corresponding to snakehead fish ( Channidae), an indented one corresponding to saithe ( Pollachius virens), and a lunate one corresponding to tuna ( Thunnus thynnus). A direct numerical simulation (DNS) approach with a self-propelled fish model was adopted. The simulation results show that the caudal fin transitions from a pushing/suction combined propulsive mechanism to a suction-dominated propulsive mechanism with increasing aspect ratio ( AR). Interestingly, different from a previous finding that suction-based propulsion leads to high efficiency in animal swimming, this study shows that the utilization of suction-based propulsion by a high- AR caudal fin reduces swimming efficiency. Therefore, the suction-based propulsive mechanism does not necessarily lead to high efficiency, while other factors might play a role. Further analysis shows that the large lateral momentum transferred to the flow due to the high depth of the high- AR caudal fin leads to the lowest efficiency despite the most significant suction.

scholarly journals ARINC653 Channel Robustness Verification Using LeonViP-MC, a LEON4 Multicore Virtual Platform

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1179
Author(s):  
Jonatan Sánchez ◽  
Antonio da Silva ◽  
Pablo Parra ◽  
Óscar R. Polo ◽  
Agustín Martínez Hellín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fault Tolerance ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Fault Injection ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Tolerance Mechanisms ◽  
Efficient Data ◽  
Instrument Control ◽  
Virtual Platform ◽  
Hardware Platforms ◽  
The University

Multicore hardware platforms are being incorporated into spacecraft on-board systems to achieve faster and more efficient data processing. However, such systems lead to increased complexity in software development and represent a considerable challenge, especially concerning the runtime verification of fault-tolerance requirements. To address the ever-challenging verification of this kind of requirement, we introduce a LEON4 multicore virtual platform called LeonViP-MC. LeonViP-MC is an evolution of a previous development called Leon2ViP, carried out by the Space Research Group of the University of Alcalá (SRG-UAH), which has been successfully used in the development and testing of the flight software of the instrument control unit (ICU) of the energetic particle detector (EPD) on board the Solar Orbiter. This paper describes the LeonViP-MC architectural design decisions oriented towards fault-injection campaigns to verify software fault-tolerance mechanisms. To validate the simulator, we developed an ARINC653 communications channel that incorporates fault-tolerance mechanisms and is currently being used to develop a hypervisor level for the GR740 platform.

scholarly journals Monte Carlo Modeling and Design of Photon Energy Attenuation Layers for >10× Quantum Yield Enhancement in Si-Based Hard X-ray Detectors

Instruments ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Eldred Lee ◽  
Kaitlin M. Anagnost ◽  
Zhehui Wang ◽  
Michael R. James ◽  
Eric R. Fossum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Quantum Yield ◽  
Photon Energy ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Yield Enhancement ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies

High-energy (>20 keV) X-ray photon detection at high quantum yield, high spatial resolution, and short response time has long been an important area of study in physics. Scintillation is a prevalent method but limited in various ways. Directly detecting high-energy X-ray photons has been a challenge to this day, mainly due to low photon-to-photoelectron conversion efficiencies. Commercially available state-of-the-art Si direct detection products such as the Si charge-coupled device (CCD) are inefficient for >10 keV photons. Here, we present Monte Carlo simulation results and analyses to introduce a highly effective yet simple high-energy X-ray detection concept with significantly enhanced photon-to-electron conversion efficiencies composed of two layers: a top high-Z photon energy attenuation layer (PAL) and a bottom Si detector. We use the principle of photon energy down conversion, where high-energy X-ray photon energies are attenuated down to ≤10 keV via inelastic scattering suitable for efficient photoelectric absorption by Si. Our Monte Carlo simulation results demonstrate that a 10–30× increase in quantum yield can be achieved using PbTe PAL on Si, potentially advancing high-resolution, high-efficiency X-ray detection using PAL-enhanced Si CMOS image sensors.

scholarly journals Towards On-line Adaptation of Fault Tolerance Mechanisms

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Charles Fabre ◽  
Marc-Olivier Killijian ◽  
Thomas Pareaud
Keyword(s):  
Fault Tolerance ◽  
Tolerance Mechanisms ◽  
On Line

A Design for Fault-Tolerant Communication Middleware Based on Time-Triggered

2014 ◽  
Vol 548-549 ◽  
pp. 1326-1329
Author(s):  
Juan Jin ◽  
Qing Fan Gu
Keyword(s):  
Fault Tolerance ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Fault Location ◽  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Application Software ◽  
Tolerance Mechanisms ◽  
The Real ◽  
Communication Middleware ◽  
Fault Mechanism ◽  
Health Diagnosis

Against to the unsustainable problems of health diagnosis, fault location and fault tolerance mechanisms that existing in the current avionics applications, we proposed a fault-tolerant communication middleware which is based on time-triggered in this paper. This middleware is designed to provide a support platform for applications of the real-time based on communication middleware. From the communication middleware level and also combined with time-triggered mechanism and fault-tolerant strategy, it diagnoses the general faults first, and then routes them to the appropriate fault mechanism to process it. So the middleware completely separates fault-tolerant process from the application software functions.

Research on Throttle Optimal Control of Flipper Jack for Hydraulic Support

2012 ◽  
Vol 503-504 ◽  
pp. 824-827
Author(s):  
Chun Qiang Jia ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Ling Yu
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Hydraulic Support ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Amesim Simulation

To solve the problem of support speed of hydraulic support flipper, the match relations between the flipper throttle control and shearer cutting coal speed are analyzed, the AMESim simulation model of the throttle optimal control for hydraulic support flipper jack is established, the simulation results show that flipper can be supported timely by speed optimal control of flipper jack which improve the reliability of the system and provide certain theory basis to meet the miner safety and high efficiency production.

scholarly journals Affordable and sustainable new generation of solar cells: calcium titanate (CaTiO3) - based perovskite solar cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 01010
Author(s):  
Alfonsina Abat Amelenan Torimtubun ◽  
Anniza Cornelia Augusty ◽  
Eka Maulana ◽  
Lusi Ernawati
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Calcium Titanate ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Lead Free

Indonesia is located along the equator lines with the high intensity of solar radiation averaging about 4.5 kWh of electrical energy/day. This potential leads to the selfsustaining energy possibility fulfilling the electricity needs. Due to their unique electronic structures and high-cost merit over the existing commercial PV technologies, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as the next-generation photovoltaic candidate. Their highest power efficiency can be achieved of up to 22.1% in the last 5-6 years. However, this high efficiency came from CH3NH3PbI3 materials which contain lead, a toxic material. Herein calcium titanate (CT) as a lead-free perovskite material were synthesized through sintering of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and titanium oxide (TiO2) by the sol-gel method. CT powders were characterized by SEM, XRF, FTIR and XRD then applied it onto the mesoporous heterojunction PSCs, with a device architecture ITO/TiO2/CaTiO3/C/ITO. By manipulating the raw material stoichiometry and heating temperature in the synthesis of CaTiO3, the device shows the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 2.12%, shortcircuit current density (JSC) of 0.027 mA cm-2, open circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.212 V and fill factor (FF) of 53.90%. This sample can be an alternative way to create lead-free, largescale, and low-cost perovskite solar cells.

scholarly journals Technology of Quick-Frozen Flour Fish Culinary Products

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Pavlova ◽  
Irina Saenkova ◽  
Yulia Shokina ◽  
Grigoriy Shokin
Keyword(s):  
Mass Fraction ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
Organoleptic Evaluation ◽  
Amine Nitrogen ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Functional Product ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Priori Information

In this article, the results of the development of the functional fish culinary product “Thorny Skate and Cod Pie” are presented. A traditional recipe was used for making the yeast dough for the pie. The pie filling recipe was designed using Fuzzy Logic in the Matlab software package.Optimized parametersfor the selected sensory evaluation of the pie were calculated. On the basis of a priori information, key components of the filling (including the fraction of the fish components and skate meat) were chosen as the factors of interest. According to the simulation results, the optimal values werea 50/50 percentage for the first and the second factor respectively, and this providedthe maximum organoleptic assessment (five points on a five-point scale). The simulation results were compared with the results of the organoleptic evaluation of the pie made according to the optimized recipe, and their sufficient convergence was shown. The indicators of mass fraction of amine nitrogen and nitrogen of volatile bases was studied, as well as the microbiological safety indicators of flour fish culinary products, in accordance with the requirements of the Technical Regulations of the Eurasian Economic Union 040/2016 ”On the safety of fish products”. The results showed a high efficiency of the shock freezing of the semi-finished product, brought to semi-readiness, for long-term storage (120 days at a temperature no higher than minus 18 ∘C), without reducing the quality or safety of the pie. The product had a cholesterol content from 220 to 260 mg%, which allowed it to be classified as functional. The nutritional values of the product (mass fraction of protein, fat, carbohydrates, and amino acid composition) are presented. Keywords: thornyskate, functional product, pie with thornyskate and cod, shock freezing

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