Wear Resistance and XRD Analyses of CMoCuNiCrSiBO Coatings Obtained by Thermal Deposition on OLC45 Substrate

2014 ◽  
Vol 659 ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petru Avram ◽  
Marius Stelian Imbrea ◽  
Bogdan Istrate ◽  
Sorin Iacob Strugaru ◽  
Iulian Cucos ◽  
...  

Idlers are machine elements which are subjected to friction solicitations. The geometry, dimensions and weight can’t be modified that is why we decided to modify the contact surface by coating. We have chosen the steel type OLC 45 and we coated it with CMoCuNiCrSiBO by thermal deposition. The selection of these materials was made after a detailed study of the literature. After we obtained the samples, we subjected them to qualitative analyses SEM and XRD and to Quantitative analysis – wearing – destructive test where we obtained the friction coefficient between two coated surfaces [1]. We made the samples which we have analyzed by X-Ray Diffraction and we obtained the quality of the coating [2]. The results showed that the new material has a better structure than the basic material, and we can estimate a high durability of the machine elements coated. On friction test we have determined friction coefficient value.

2014 ◽  
Vol 659 ◽  
pp. 16-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petru Avram ◽  
Marius Stelian Imbrea ◽  
Bogdan Istrate ◽  
Sorin Iacob Strugaru ◽  
Iulian Cucos ◽  
...  

In army industry are some of machine elements that are subjected to wear solicitations and must have a high wear resistance. The impact of their damage and also their maintenance costs are very high, that is why we proposed to improve their performances. Researches in surface engineering allow the obtaining of new systems of materials by coating the base material surface with other material having superior properties. In order to improve the machine elements durability, we proposed to obtain a new system of materials by thermal deposition. We have chosen the steel type OLC45 as base material and we coated it with CNiCrSiBO. We made the samples which we have analyzed by X-Ray Diffraction and we obtained the quality of the coating. The results showed that the new material has a better structure than the base material, and we can estimate a high durability of the machine elements coated.


2021 ◽  
pp. 34-37
Author(s):  
Р.Х. Беков

Рассмотрены важные аспекты использования геноносителей различных маркерных признаков при создании и селекции гетерозисных гибридов томата для защищенного грунта. Наряду с общими требованиями к родительским компонентам, касающимися продуктивности растений, скороспелости, устойчивости к болезням и т. д., сегодня при селекции на гетерозис для защищенного грунта к исходному материалу предъявляют более высокие требования по наличию хозяйственно полезных признаков. Эти требования касаются типа роста растений, формы, окраски и качества плодов, типа кисти, формы плодоножки и т. д. Представлены характеристики исходного материала для создания гетерозисных гибридов томата, а также даны характеристики полученных гибридов. Исследования, проведенные в отделе селекции ВНИИО (ВНИИ овощеводства – филиал ФГБНУ ФНЦО), показали большую перспективность использования при гетерозисной селекции томата для защищенного грунта геноносителей различных маркерных признаков, особенно признаков, определяющих коричневую окраску эндосперма семян (гены bs и bs-2) и несочлененную плодоножку (ген j-2). Созданные с использованием этих маркерных признаков гибриды и селекционные линии по-своему уникальны и являются приоритетным достижением этого научного учреждения, так как они представляют большой интерес для гетерозисной селекции томата в качестве исходного материала. Целый ряд гибридов F1 включен в Госреестр селекционных достижений, допущенных к использованию (Удача, Голубчик, Клад овощевода, Заур и др.). В связи с развитием фермерского и любительского овощеводства в последние годы определенное внимание было уделено созданию новых мутантных линий с розовыми, малиновыми и темно-коричневыми плодами с высокими вкусовыми качествами (учитывая, что образцы такого типа пользуются повышенным спросом у населения и стоят дороже). При создании новых гетерозисных гибридов были учтены эти признаки родительских форм. Important aspects of the use of gene carriers of various marker traits in the creation and selection of heterotic tomato hybrids for greenhouse industry are considered. Along with the general requirements for the parent components concerning plant productivity, precocity, resistance to diseases, etc., today, when breeding for heterosis for greenhouse industry, higher requirements are imposed on the source material for the presence of economically useful features. These requirements relate to the type of plant growth, shape, colour and quality of fruits, brush type, stem shape, etc. The characteristics of the initial material for creating heterotic tomato hybrids are presented, as well as the characteristics of the resulting hybrids are given. Studies conducted in the breeding department of the ARRIVG (ARRIVG – a branch of the FSBI FSCV) showed great prospects for the use of gene carriers of various marker traits, especially those that determine the brown colour of the seed endosperm (bs and bs-2 genes) and an undifferentiated peduncle (j-2 gene) in the heterosis breeding of tomatoes for greenhouses. Hybrids and breeding lines created using these marker traits are unique in their own way and are a priority achievement of this scientific institution, since they are of great interest for the heterosis breeding of tomato as a basic material. A number of F1 hybrids are included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements allowed for use (Udacha, Golubchik, Klad ovoschevoda, Zaur, etc.). Due to the development of farming and amateur vegetable growing in recent years, some attention has been paid to the creation of new mutant lines with pink, crimson and dark brown fruits with high taste qualities (given that samples of this type are in high demand among the population and are more expensive). When creating new heterotic hybrids, these features of the parent forms were taken into account.


Solar Energy ◽  
2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Rohner ◽  
Andreas Neumann

The correct selection of the operating wavelength is essential for a precise pyrometric temperature measurement on solar irradiated samples, as the measurement may be disturbed by reflected solar radiation. Atmospheric conditions and particularly the emissivity as basic material property determine the amount of this reflected and the emitted radiation from a sample under investigation. An approach to solve this problem by using a monochromator system for temperature measurement in the UV-B range was developed and experimentally tested. With this system, temperature measurements were possible beginning at 1320°C and ranging up to about 2400°C. Two calculation methods are described and compared. The influence of the calibration temperature on the quality of the temperature measurement is shown. Measurements on a blackbody up to 1500°C were performed for calibration purpose. Temperature measurements on a real solar heated magnesia sample up to 2400°C are presented and discussed. These spectral measurements on hot bodies irradiated in the DLR Solar Furnace led to the final specification of the measurement wavelengths to be in the range from 280 nm to 293 nm.


1965 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bradford Burns

Bibliographies for the study of Brazilian history are either too brief, such as those in the appendices of general textbooks, or too long, such as theManual Bibliográfico de Estudos Brasileiros. The present one aims to strike a happy medium and, by doing so, to provide a practical guide for the increasing number of students and of the general public in the United States who have an interest in learning more about the Brazilian past.The selection of books for this bibliography has not been entirely arbitrary. Because it is intended primarily for North Americans, I chose liberally of the material available in English. Conversely, I was more exclusive in selecting works in other languages. Of the voluminous literature available in Portuguese, I sought to point out only the outstanding works—whether for quality of style, depth of research, originality, or at times, because they were the only examples of their kind in neglected aspects of Brazilian history. A few books of exceptional merit or interest in French and Spanish also were added. Doubtless I have included here some works which others may consider unworthy, to the exclusion of some they may consider indispensable. Still, I believe this bibliography will fulfill its primary purpose of indicating the basic material available to the student of Brazilian history.


2012 ◽  
Vol 506 ◽  
pp. 529-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Sobharaksha ◽  
R. Indranupakorn ◽  
Manee Luangtana-Anan

soflavones, a special phenolic group found in soybean, have been found to act as antioxidant and are widely used in pharmaceutics and nutraceuticals. Due to the storage and handling problem, the extract has been prepared in dry form by spray drying technique. The condition of extract solution prior to spray drying has been reported to affect the property of dried powder. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of diluents on the physical properties of soybean extracted powder. The experiment was carried out by a Büchi B-290 Mini Spray Dryer. Four types of diluents were applied, they weremannitol, maltrodextrin, and 2 types of modified starch The comparison was then made among those with diluents and without diluent as a carrier. The physicochemical property was then characterized for flowability, moisture content, morphology, particle size and X-ray diffraction. From the results, the addition of all diluents could improve the physicochemical properties of soybean extracted powder indicating the improvement in morphology and hence the better flow property .The types of diluent also had the effect on the extracted powder. Maltodextrin and modified starch exhibited the best carrier in term of improvement of flow property. Therefore, the spray drying technique was successfully used to prepare microparticles of soybean extracted powder and by taking into consideration of the selection of suitable diluents, the good quality of soybean extracted powder could be achieved.


2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 1878
Author(s):  
T. Kaza ◽  
M.G. Stamatakis

The aim of the present study is to apply a fast and reliable XRD method to identify the percentage of silica polymorphs and feldspars that industrial bentonite and perlite may contain, because these gangue minerals influence the quality of the final products. The current research was implemented by selecting of appropriate almost pure reference samples of bentonite and perlite in which specific amount of silica polymorphs and feldspars was added. The selection of all samples was based on the X-ray diffraction patterns. The synthetic mixtures produced were either with bentonite or perlite with a single added mineral or with two of them in percentages up to 10%. The minerals added to the reference samples were distinguishable in the XRD patterns in different percentages for each mineral added, but also in the two different reference samples. After evaluating of the XRD patterns of a series of samples, it was concluded that the lowest percentage of silica polymorphs and albite that was detected in the reference bentonite was 0.5% quartz, 1% cristobalite 10% opal CT, and 1% albite, whereas the percentages for the reference perlite was 1% quartz, 2% opal-CT, 1% cristobalite and 0.5% albite. This method can beapplied to any commercial bentonite and perlite bulk sample to define its purity concerning its silica polymorph and feldspar content.


2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 632
Author(s):  
Muzakky Muzakky ◽  
Herry Poernomo

Characterization of the pillarization process product of ZrO2-montmorillonite from Zirconium oxychloride local made of PSTA-BATAN has been done. The objective of this research is to control the quality of pillarization process product of the new material ZrO2-montmorilonite.  This new material was produced from local made Zirconium oxychloride (ZOC) of PSTA-BATAN by dry process and bentonite (Na-montmorillonite) imported from Thailand by the pillarization process. During optimization the pillarization quality control would be followed by absorbance using Diffuse Reflectance Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis DRS) spectroscopy and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). While the type of functional group can be detected by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometry, and the surface image was observed by using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and BET methods. The result gained showed that the optimum quality of ZrO2-montmorillonite was at Zr concentration of 0.2 M with the absorbance of 1.04 au by XRD and DRS. The best precursor used was ethylene glycol with a drying process in the cold conditions at the absorbance of 1.2 au. The best calcination process was at the temperature of 600 °C with the reached absorbance value of 1.3 au. The results of TEM image observation after calcination at the temperature of 600 °C were clearer and more porous than before and showed specific surface area of 105 m2/g. The interpretation results of FTIR spectra on the new material of ZrO2-montmorillonite contained the cluster of ΞSi-OH, ΞAl-OH and Si-O functional groups indicating pillar groups.


2006 ◽  
Vol 910 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L. Huguenin-Love ◽  
Rodney J. Soukup ◽  
Natale J. Ianno ◽  
Jason S. Schrader ◽  
Vikram L. Dalal

AbstractExperimental results on thin films of the new material GexC1-x, deposited by a unique dual plasma hollow cathode sputtering technique are presented here. The (Ge, C) system is extremely promising since the addition of C to Ge has reduced the lattice dimensions enough to allow a lattice match to silicon, while increasing the bandgap close to that of c-Si. The sputtering is accomplished by igniting a dc plasma of the Ar and H2 gases which are fed through Ge and C nozzles, cylindrical tubes 30 mm in length with an 8 mm O.D. and a 3 mm I.D.The basic material, optical, and structural properties were analyzed. Film characterization was performed using Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Auger electron spectroscopy. Additional measurements such as Tauc bandgap, conductivity as a function of temperature and light intensity, and film uniformity have been made. The film properties from a variety of deposition conditions are discussed. The measurements made indicate that the films can be grown so that the C enters the material at lattice sites. In addition, the GexC1-x films absorb photons much more efficiently than either c-Si or c-Ge.Initial results on Al doped films are presented.


2016 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 163-171
Author(s):  
M. G. Shcherbakovskiy

The article discusses the reasonsfor an expert to participate in legal proceedings. The gnoseological reason for that consists of the bad quality of materials subject to examination that renders the examination either completely impossible or compromises objective, reasoned and reliable assessment of the findings. The procedural reason consists ofa proscription for an expert to collect evidence himself or herself. The author investigates into the ways of how an expert can participate in legal proceedings. If the defense invites an expert to participate in the proceedings, then it is recommended that his or her involvement should be in the presence of attesting witnesses and recorded in the protocol. In the course of the legal proceedings an expert has the following tasks: adding initial data, acquiring new initial data, understanding the situation of the incident, acquiring new objects to be studied, including samples for examination. An expert’s participation in legal proceedings differs from the participation of a specialist or an examination on the scene of the incident. The author describes the tasks that an expert solves in the course of legal proceedings, the peculiarities ofan investigation experiment practices, the selection of samples for an examination, inspection, interrogation.


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