Salt Corrosion of Masonry Mortar

2015 ◽  
Vol 725-726 ◽  
pp. 523-528
Author(s):  
Mikhail Zapoyev ◽  
Sergey Aleksandrovich Krivoy ◽  
Svetlana Belyaeva
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Aesthetic Appearance ◽  
Salt Corrosion ◽  
Salt Efflorescence ◽  
Masonry Mortar

Brickwork is one of the most convenient of enclosures. It combines supreme thermal insulation, durability, aesthetic appearance. However, masonry is subjected to plurality of destructive factors, one of which is salt corrosion. Survey of buildings of Saint-Petersburg has been described in this article. Experimental data that proves vulnerability of mortar to salt efflorescence has been obtained. Several solutions of this problem have been recommended and necessity of future researches has been stated.

Evaluation of Thermal Insulation Properties of Fibrous Mineral Fine Powders

2010 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 339-343
Author(s):  
Fei Wang ◽  
Jin Sheng Liang ◽  
Chong Yan Ren ◽  
Qing Guo Tang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Thermal Conduction ◽  
Fibrous Materials ◽  
Fine Powders ◽  
Resistance Model ◽  
Fibrous Mineral ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sepiolite Nanofibers

The equivalent thermal resistance model of sepiolite mineral nanofibers has been presented in this paper to predict the thermal insulation properties of fibrous mineral fine powders. The model was based on the correlation between thermal conduction and gas & solid conduction in the fibrous system. According to the analysis about the process of heat transfer in sepiolite nanofibers, the total thermal conduction can be described as the synergism of the solid thermal conduction and the gaseous thermal conduction. From the equivalent thermal resistance model of fibrous materials in the accumulative condition, it can be seen that the thermal conduction of fibrous mineral fine powders can be evaluated by the relationship between bulk density and thermal conduction of sepiolite nanofibers. Comparing the theoretical values with experimental data obtained from thermal conduction instrument, it was found that the theoretical values corresponded well with experimental data.

Preparation Thermal Insulation Masonry Mortar Using Regeneration Light Sand

2015 ◽  
Vol 768 ◽  
pp. 369-374
Author(s):  
Su Gai Cao ◽  
Pei Xin Li ◽  
Feng Qing Zhao ◽  
Zhi Guo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Mixture Ratio ◽  
Aerated Concrete ◽  
Optimal Mixture Ratio ◽  
Masonry Mortar

In this paper, ecotype cementing materials (with steel slag, mineral slag etc. as the main raw materials), waste aerated concrete, regeneration light sand and etc. were used as the main materials to prepare thermal insulation masonry mortar. Then the impacts of materials on the mortar’s performances such as strength, density and thermal conductivity were analyzed. At last, it obtained the optimal mixture ratio to prepare thermal insulation masonry mortar with a strength degree of M5. This kind of mortar used a lot of solid wastes as raw materials but with many advantages such as light weight, low thermal conductivity and low cost, all of this made it became a new environmental friendly thermal insulation masonry mortar.

Study on Special Thermal-Insulation Masonry Mortar for the North Cold Regions Autoclaved Aerated Concrete

2012 ◽  
Vol 174-177 ◽  
pp. 1498-1501
Author(s):  
Li Guang Xiao ◽  
Rui Bo Li ◽  
Cun You Yan ◽  
Guan Jie Li
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Energy Loss ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
Autoclaved Aerated Concrete ◽  
The North ◽  
Aerated Concrete ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Masonry Mortar

Because the difference between the autoclaved aerated concrete and ordinary masonry mortar with thermal conductivity is too large, also easy to cause the bricking-up appearance the cold bridge and even the phenomenon of condensation, the author have study special thermal-insulation masonry mortar for autoclaved aerated concrete, about solving between the aerated concrete and ordinary mortar problem filling cracks, it is more important to resolve the big difference between the thermal conductivity, improving the insulation properties of aerated concrete special mortar. The performance as per special masonry mortar and plaster mortar for autoclaved aerated concrete (China national standard JC890-2001), supporting thermal-insulation masonry mortar effectively improved the cold bridge phenomenon of energy loss occurs.

scholarly journals Innovation building materials in energy-saving wall systems of historical buildings in Saint Petersburg

2020 ◽  
Vol 217 ◽  
pp. 01004
Author(s):  
Svetlana Golovina ◽  
Yurii Tikhonov ◽  
Iulia Sokol
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Saint Petersburg

The article notes that the main heat losses during major repairs of buildings of historical development are associated with low thermal resistance of external wall fences, due to the lack of thermal insulation of balcony doors. The purpose of the study: to show a significant reduction in costs in the capital reconstruction of former apartment buildings, of which there are more than one and a half thousand in St. Petersburg, due to the use of innovative thermal insulation materials. Methods: thermal imaging, laboratory research. Results: as a result of studying the humidity regime, the experimental section of the wall, determining the dew point, resistance to vapor permeability, air permeability, and construction properties of historical bricks, the authors suggest that buildings of historical development follow the rule that provides for insulation of the external walls of these buildings from the inside.

scholarly journals A technical and economic analysis of the thermal modernization of historic buildings using an innovative thermal insulating paint

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-223
Author(s):  
Robert Kruzel ◽  
Paweł Helbrych
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Expanded Polystyrene ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Cost Calculation ◽  
Material Strength ◽  
Historic Buildings ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Thermal Insulating ◽  
Aesthetic Appearance

Due to the need for making the thermal modernization of buildings of historical value, where the Conservation Officer often does not approve the thermal insulation of the building’s facade with a traditional method using expanded polystyrene (EPS), an innovative paint has been proposed to be used, which can substitute for an EPS layer for the thermal insulation of buildings where everything that is the most beautiful is often situated on the building’s external facade. The article analyzes two different thermal modernization methods: the traditional method and the one using an innovative thermal insulating paint. During selecting the material, the main aspects were: material strength and durability, workmanship, the execution cost of a sample project, and the behaviour of materials during operation. All advantages and disadvantages of either of the external wall thermal insulation technologies are indicated. Cost calculation figures for the project under consideration carried out using the above-mentioned technologies have also been examined. It has been found that the technology using the innovative thermal insulating paint is fairly expensive and the obtained coefficients of heat transfer through the partition are not competitive compared to the traditional method using expanded polystyrene. However, by using the innovative technology for historic buildings, we are able to improve the aesthetic appearance of the facade and, at the same time, the thermal properties of the partition during carrying out a single project, while not spoiling the historical look of the building.

Alkali Salt Corrosion of Calcium Silicate Thermal Insulation Materials

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 188-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Schlegel ◽  
T. Hölscher ◽  
H.-J. Schneider ◽  
C. G. Aneziris
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Insulation Materials ◽  
Alkali Salt ◽  
Salt Corrosion

Modification of Masonry Mortar and Structure of Ceramic Bricks to Reduce Efflorescence

2019 ◽  
Vol 808 ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grigory Ivanovich Yakovlev ◽  
Iuliia Ginchitskaia ◽  
Valeriy Grahov ◽  
Grigory Nikolaevich Pervushin ◽  
Irina S. Polyanskikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Water Saturation ◽  
Soluble Salts ◽  
External Appearance ◽  
Sodium Salts ◽  
Multilayer Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Salt Corrosion ◽  
Cement Mortars ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Masonry Mortar

At present, efflorescence formation on the surface of brickwork is a problem for many buildings under construction and those already built. Efflorescence not only spoil the external appearance of the facades, but in rare cases can even lead to peeling of the brick and reducing its durability. The conducted researches show that in most cases efflorescence on the facades of buildings under construction is formed by sodium sulfate and calcium carbonate. Sources of these salts are masonry cement mortars with plasticizing additives containing sodium salts. In this case, the porous structure of bricks contributes to its water saturation and the migration of soluble salts, leading to the formation of efflorescence on the masonry surface. This article suggests the criteria for selecting mortar composition that excludes the appearance of soluble salts, and introduces results of the research on the resistance of ceramic bricks modified with multilayer carbon nanotubes to salt corrosion.

Microdiffraction Patterns of Small Metallic Particles II; Theoretical Analysis

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 668-669
Author(s):  
A. Gómez ◽  
P. Schabes-Retchkiman ◽  
M. José-Yacamán ◽  
T. Ocaña
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Dynamical Theory ◽  
Metallic Particles ◽  
Splitting Effect

The splitting effect that is observed in microdiffraction pat-terns of small metallic particles in the size range 50-500 Å can be understood using the dynamical theory of electron diffraction for the case of a crystal containing a finite wedge. For the experimental data we refer to part I of this work in these proceedings.

Evidence for ordered Fe3Ni

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 216-217
Author(s):  
K.B. Reuter ◽  
D.B. Williams ◽  
J.I. Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Martensitic Transformation ◽  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Transformation Product ◽  
Iron Meteorites ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ni Content ◽  
Temperature Transformation

In the Fe-Ni system, although ordered FeNi and ordered Ni3Fe are experimentally well established, direct evidence for ordered Fe3Ni is unconvincing. Little experimental data for Fe3Ni exists because diffusion is sluggish at temperatures below 400°C and because alloys containing less than 29 wt% Ni undergo a martensitic transformation at room temperature. Fe-Ni phases in iron meteorites were examined in this study because iron meteorites have cooled at slow rates of about 10°C/106 years, allowing phase transformations below 400°C to occur. One low temperature transformation product, called clear taenite 2 (CT2), was of particular interest because it contains less than 30 wtZ Ni and is not martensitic. Because CT2 is only a few microns in size, the structure and Ni content were determined through electron diffraction and x-ray microanalysis. A Philips EM400T operated at 120 kV, equipped with a Tracor Northern 2000 multichannel analyzer, was used.

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