Preparation and Properties of Copolymer of Methacrylic Acid and Acrylamide onto Degraded Chitosan Initiated by HRP/H2O2/ACAC

2011 ◽  
Vol 80-81 ◽  
pp. 396-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Hua Lv ◽  
Xiao Liang Yan ◽  
Rui Jun Gao
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Methacrylic Acid ◽  
Acetic Acid Solution ◽  
Leather Industry ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Acid Reaction ◽  
Good Uniformity

The chitosan was degraded by hydrochloric acid and the effects of concentration of chitosan, amount of hydrochloric acid, reaction temperature and reaction time on the viscosity of chitosan were investigated. The results showed that the degraded chitosan with low viscosity could be prepared when chitosan (wt 6%) was dissolved in acetic acid solution and hydrochloric acid (wt 3%) at 90°C for 6 h to decrease the viscosity from 7.52 mPa·s to 2.48 mPa·s. Then, a graft copolymer was synthesized by copolymerization of degraded chitosan with methacrylic acid (MAA) and acrylamide (AAM) by using horseradish peroxidase (HRP)/H2O2/acetylacetone (ACAC) as initiator. The structures of original chitosan, degraded chitosan and the copolymer were characterized by FTIR. The copolymer was applied to the leather industry as an amphoteric retanning agent. The applied results showed that the retanned leather had the merits of good uniformity fullness softness, strong selecting filling properties, good dyeing ability and antimicrobial activity.

Effect of pH, Acidulant, Time, and Temperature on the Growth and Survival of Listeria monocytogenes

1989 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 571-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
KENT M. SORRELLS ◽  
DAVIN C. ENIGL ◽  
JOHN R. HATFIELD
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Malic Acid ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Ph Values

The effect of different acids, pH, incubation time, and incubation temperature on the growth and survival of four strains of Listeria monocytogenes in tryptic soy broth was compared. Hydrochloric acid (HCl), acetic acid (AA), lactic acid (LA), malic acid (MA), and citric acid (CA) were used to acidify tryptic soy broth to pH values 4.4, 4.6, 4.8, 5.0, and 5.2 pH. Incubation times were 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 d at 10, 25, and 35°C. The inhibition of L. monocytogenes in the presence of high acidity appears to be a function of acid and incubation temperature. Based on equal pH values, the antimicrobial activity is AA > LA > CA ≥ MA > HCl at all incubation times and temperatures. When based on equal molar concentration, the activity appeared to be CA ≥ MA > LA ≥ AA > HCl at 35 and 25°C, and MA > CA > AA ≥ LA > HCl at 10°C. Greatest antimicrobial activity occurred at 35°C. Greatest survival occurred at 10°C and greatest growth occurred at 25°C. Final pH of the medium was as low as 3.8 in HCl at 28 d. All strains grew well at pH values lower than the minimum previously reported (5.5–5.6).

Study on Microcrystalline Chitin Cinnamon Nanoemulsion

2014 ◽  
Vol 525 ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Qing Peng ◽  
Min Jie Wei ◽  
Liang Wang ◽  
Li Peng Gu
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Molecular Crystal ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Isopropyl Alcohol ◽  
Acetic Acid Solution ◽  
Conductivity Data ◽  
Cinnamon Oil ◽  
Emulsification Process

To improve the miscibility of cinnamon oil with water, this study uses microcrystalline chitin as the surfactant to prepare cinnamon oil nanoemulsion. Firstly, use isopropyl alcohol and concentrated phosphoric to act with chitin, disperse molecular crystal structure of chitin, and then use hydrochloric acid for decalcification, and prepare microcrystalline chitin through centrifugation, washing, freezing and drying. Dissolve it in acetic acid solution as emulsification, and dissolve cinnamon oil in anhydrous ethanol, and mix both of which to obtain emulsion by drops. Judge the emulsification process and results of microcrystalline chitin on cinnamon oil through conductivity data. The conductivity decreases gradually to 0 from 1.4μS·cm-1. At room temperature, the solution is aqueous liquid without stratification and precipitation, but has good stability.

Chitosan resins synthesised by improved drop-sphere-forming method for Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solutions

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 2461-2467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunyi Li ◽  
Zhenjun Wu ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
Rencheng Zhu ◽  
Yan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Acetic Acid Solution ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
The Self ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Chitosan Resin

An improved drop-sphere-forming (IDSF) method was applied to synthesise chitosan resin. Chitosan resin was synthesised by the self-made device and cross-linked with epichlorohydrin. The influences of concentration of chitosan–acetic acid solution, air flow, reaction time and the dosage of epichlorohydrin were investigated during synthesising. The satisfactory chitosan particles were prepared by chitosan–acetic acid solution (3%) under a controlled air flow of 0.6 m3 h−1, After 6 h of reaction at 80 °C with an epichlorohydrin dosage of 2 mL per 5 mL wet resin, the chitosan cross-linked resin has the best adsorption capacity. After 2 h of adsorption at pH = 3.0 and 25 °C with an adsorbent dosage of 2 g L−1, the maximum adsorption capacity (112 mg g−1) was reached for an initial Cr(VI) concentration of 146 mg L−1. Compared with other adsorbents, this synthesis method was simple and economic; moreover, the cross-linked chitosan resin can remove Cr(VI) efficiently.

Exploration of Chemical Oxidation of p-Cymene

2011 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 1132-1137
Author(s):  
Liang Wu Bi ◽  
Qiu Ge Zhang ◽  
Zhen Dong Zhao ◽  
Da Wei Li
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Sulphuric Acid ◽  
Potassium Permanganate ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Acid Reaction ◽  
By Products

The chemical oxidation of p-cymene was preliminarily studied by several oxidants. The conversion of p-cymene and selectivity of p-cymen-8-ol were both influenced by the factors such as dosage of oxidant, dosage of sulphuric acid, reaction time, reaction temperature and solvent variety. The reasonable oxidation conditions were molar ratio of p-cymene to potassium permanganate 1:3, molar ratio of sulphuric acid to potassium permanganate 0.13:1, mixture of water and acetic acid (1:1, v/v) as solvent, reaction temperature 80 °C and reaction time 9 h. The conversion of p-cymene and selectivity of p-cymen-8-ol were respectively 92.21 % and 69.65 % in the reasonable oxidation conditions. The by-products of p-cymene oxidation mainly included p-iso-propyl benzoic acid, p-isopropyl benzaldehyde and p-methyl acetophenone.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of kombucha made from Rtanj tea

2005 ◽  
Vol 59 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 248-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragoljub Cvetkovic ◽  
Sinisa Markov ◽  
Aleksandra Velicanski
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Acetic Acid Solution ◽  
Black Tea ◽  
Acetic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Kombucha Tea ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Control Samples

Kombucha is a beverage with special therapeutic properties produced by the metabolic activity of yeasts and acetic acid bacteria in sweetened black tea (traditional cultivation medium). The antimicrobial activity of kombucha (for consumption) made from black tea and Rtanj tea, as well as particular control samples, was examined by the modified disc diffusion method. Salmonella enteritidis, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus sp., Sarcina lutea, Penicillium aurantiogriseum, Aspergilus niger, Aspergilus flavus, Rhodotorula sp. Candida pseudotropi-calis and Saccharomyces cerevisae have been used as test organisms. Acetic acid and kombucha samples show significant antimicrobial activity against all bacteria except Sarcina lutea. The other control samples (neutralized kombucha, tea and a "model sistem") show less bacteriostatic activity. Kombucha and acetic acid solution show borderline inhibitory activity against some moulds, while was no activity against yeasts.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Some New Morpholine Derivatives

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-265
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ammonium Thiocyanate ◽  
Secondary Amines ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Acid Reaction ◽  
Morpholine Derivatives ◽  
Reaction Compound

In this paper a new series of morpholine derivatives was prepared by reacting the morpholine with ethyl chloro acetate in the presence triethylamine as a catalyst in benzene gave morpholin-N-ethyl acetate(1) which reacted with hydrazine hydrate in ethanol, and gave morpholin-N-ethyl acetohydrazide (2) . Morpholin-N-aceto semithiocarbazide (3) were prepared by reacting compound(2) with ammonium thiocyanate , concentrated hydrochloric acid and ethanol as a solvent .Compound (3) reacted with sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid to give 5-(morpholin-N-methylene)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol (4) .The new series of 1,2,4-triazol derivatives (5-8) was synthesized by reaction of compound(4) with formaldehyde , DMF as a solvent and different secondary amines. Preparation of new 1,2,4-triazoline derivatives (9) by reaction compound (4) with bromo acetic acid . Reaction of compound (9) with different aromatic aldehyde and dimethyl sulfoxide as a solvent obtained compounds (10-13).

Alkaloids of Schelhammera pedunculata (Liliaceae). II. Reactions of schelhammeridine

1969 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 2203 ◽  
Author(s):  
SR Johns ◽  
JA Lamberton ◽  
AA Sioumis ◽  
H Suares
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Acetic Anhydride ◽  
Absolute Configuration ◽  
Acetic Acid Solution ◽  
Acetyl Derivative ◽  
Major Product ◽  
Ring System ◽  
Single Isomer ◽  
Formed Product

Catalytic hydrogenation of schelhammeridine (I) in acetic acid solution gives demethoxydihydroschelhammeridine (II), 1,2,6α,7- tetrahydroschelhammeridine (III), dihydroschelhammeridine (IV), and a tetrahydro derivative (V), the formation of which involves cleavage of the C5-N9 bond. The major product from heating schelhammeridine with 10% aqueous hydrochloric acid is the alcohol (VIIa) with the configuration at C 3 opposite to that in schelhammeridine. Other products are the alcohol (IX) and two amino alcohols (Xa) and (XIIa) which have a diphenyl ring system formed by the aromatization of ring A. The compounds (Xa) and (XIIa) have been shown to be diastereoisomers with the same absolute configuration for the dissymmetric diphenyl system, but the opposite configuration at C 7, and they have been characterized as N-acetyl derivatives (Xb) and (XIIb) which have been assigned the respective configurations shown in (XX) and (XVIII). On heating with acetic anhydride, schelhammeridine is converted into the N,O-diacetyl compound (XVa) which on hydrolysis affords (XVb), the optical antipode of (Xb). All three stereo-isomeric N-acetylamides (Xb), (XIIb), and (XVb), are oxidized to the same optically inactive ketone (XI). A mechanism for the acetic anhydride reaction that explains the formation of only a single isomer is discussed, and it has been shown that the formation of (XVa), enantiomeric with (Xc), in this reaction necessarily involves inversion of the configuration of the diphenyl system in the first-formed product, which must be the O-acetyl derivative of (XVIII). It is concluded that amide alcohols (XVIII) and (XX) retain the configuration for the diphenyl system that would be predicted from the known absolute configuration of schelhammeridine, but that the initially formed O-acetyl derivative of (XVIII) obtained in the reaction with acetic anhydride is converted quantitatively at the temperature of the reaction mixture into the O-acetyl derivative of (XXI) by inversion of the diphenyl configuration.

Some Approaches to Viscometric Study of Chitosan in Acetic Acid Solution

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Chernova ◽  
◽  
Angela Shurshina ◽  
Elena Kulish ◽  
Gennady Zaikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Intrinsic Viscosity ◽  
Acetic Acid Solution ◽  
Conformational State ◽  
Macromolecular Coil ◽  
Degree Of Swelling ◽  
Current Value ◽  
Viscometric Study

Some ways of estimating the values of the intrinsic viscosity of chitosan were analyzed. It was shown that the method of Irzhak and Baranov for estimating the current value of the intrinsic viscosity allows to adequately estimates the conformational state of the macromolecular coil and its degree of swelling.

HPLC-UV Method for Determination of Famotidine from Pharmaceutical Products

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-299
Author(s):  
Adriana Nita ◽  
Delia Mirela Tit ◽  
Lucian Copolovici ◽  
Carmen Elena Melinte (Frunzulica) ◽  
Dana Maria Copolovici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Linear Response ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
Acetic Acid Solution ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Quantification Limit ◽  
Validation Parameters ◽  
Hplc Analyses

The aim of this study was to develop and validate a rapid, accurate, and exact method for the quantitative determination of famotidine in pharmaceutical products. The HPLC analyses were performed by using a mobile phase containing methanol:1% acetic acid solution=30:7 (v/v), at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min.The total time of the method was 10 min, and the retention time of famotidine was 4.16 min. The detection was evaluated at l=267 nm. The method has been validated by using different validation parameters. The linear response of the detector for famotidine peak area was observed at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 0.0001 mg mL-1 , resulting in a correlation coefficient of 0.99998. The values of the detection limit and of the quantification limit are 0.00048 mg mL-1 and 0.00148 mg mL-1, respectively. The method proposed allowed accurate (with a relative error of less than 2%) and precise (RSD values less than 2.0%) determination of famotidine content in pharmaceutical products and can be used for its rapid quantitative analysis.

Novel Synthesis of 4-Benzylidene-2-((1-phenyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline-2(1H)-yl)methyl) oxazol-5(4H)-one Derivatives Using 1,2,3,Tetrahydroisoquinoline and their Antimicrobial Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 396-403
Author(s):  
Nalla Krishna Rao ◽  
Tentu Nageswara Rao ◽  
Botsa Parvatamma ◽  
Y. Prashanthi ◽  
Ravi Kumar Cheedarala
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Good Activity ◽  
Activity Profile ◽  
Aryl Aldehydes ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Novel Synthesis ◽  
Target Molecules

Aims: A series of six 4-benzylidene-2-((1-phenyl-3,4-dihydro isoquinoline-2(1H)-yl)methyloxazol- 5(4H)-one derivatives were synthesized by condensation of substituted aryl aldehydes with 2-(2-(1-phenyl-3,4- dihydro isoquinoline-2(1H)-acetamido)acetic acid in the presence of sodium acetate, acetic anhydride and zinc oxide as catalysts. Background: Novel Synthesis of 4-Benzylidene-2-((1-phenyl-3,4-dihy droisoquinoline-2(1H)-yl)methyl)oxazol- 5(4H)-one derivatives using 1,2,3,Tetrahydroisoquinoline and their antimicrobial activity. Objective: The title compounds can be synthesized from 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline. Methods: The target molecules, i.e., 4-benzylidene-2-((1-phenyl-3, 4-dihydro isoquinoline-2(1H)-yl) methyl) oxazol-5(4H)-one derivatives (8a-8f) have been synthesized from 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline which was prepared from benzoic acid in few steps. Results: All the six compounds were evaluated based on advanced spectral data (1H NMR, 13C NMR & LCMS), and the chemical structures of all compounds were determined by elemental analysis. Conclusion: Antibacterial activity of the derivatives was examined for the synthesized compounds and results indicate that compound with bromine substitution has a good activity profile.

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