Research of the Temperature Field Process in the Soil for a Home - Founded on a Foam Glass Granulate

2014 ◽  
Vol 1041 ◽  
pp. 257-260
Author(s):  
Kateřina Kubenková ◽  
Marek Jašek ◽  
Vladan Panovec
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Field ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Foam Glass ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Glass Waste ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slab ◽  
Thermal Bridges ◽  
Glass Granulate

Foam glass granulate is environmentally friendly, heat-insulating building material which is made from recycled glass waste. It is a very porous material with low density, with good thermal insulation properties, high static load capacity and almost zero water absorption. The paper deals with the research of the temperature field process in the soil under the floor of a passive house built on a reinforced concrete slab foundation with a layer of compacted subsoil using raw materials friendly to the environment in the form of granules of foamed glass. This method of progressive foundation of the building addresses the elimination of thermal bridges at the base and establish a continuous thermal insulating of the building envelope without thermal bridges.

Influence of the Parameter of Ductility of Reinforcing Steel on the Behaviour of a Narrow Three-Span Reinforced Concrete Slab Based on Experimental Investigations

2015 ◽  
Vol 240 ◽  
pp. 218-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirosław Wieczorek
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slab ◽  
Tension Member ◽  
Test Models ◽  
Reinforced Steel

In the time of the exploitation of building structures frequently situations do occur, in which due to failures they are exposed to much higher loads than has been originally predicted. In a state of emergency due to overloading of the structure, significant reserves of load capacity may be appear in the case of a self-acting tension member work. The aim of the paper was to demonstrate the influence of reinforced steel parameters and its quantity on the mechanism of destruction of four three-span models of reinforced concrete strips with the dimensions 7140×500×190 mm. The paper contains the description of the test stand and test models and the results of experimental tests which were compared with the results of the calculations based on traditional methods.

Theoretic-Strength Concept of a Model Describing the Destruction of the Corner Part of a Slab-Column Structure

2015 ◽  
Vol 240 ◽  
pp. 225-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirosław Wieczorek
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Limit Load ◽  
Traditional Theory ◽  
Load Step ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slab ◽  
Column Structure

The paper presents a proposed theoretical-strength destruction model of the corner of a slab-column structure at 1:2 scale. The theoretical destruction model was developed on the basis of laboratory tests of a reinforced concrete slab with the dimensions 4000×4000×100 mm. The assumptions of the proposed theoretical model were based on a traditional theory of behaviour of reinforced concrete constructions. The method for calculating the strength of reinforced concrete sections is based on interaction graphs of the load capacity NRd, MRd,x and MRd,y. The calculation method takes into account the influence of changes in the shape of the cross-section of the analysed element on its limit load capacity in every load step.

scholarly journals Assessment of CO2 Emissions by Replacing an Ordinary Reinforced Concrete Slab with the Void Slab System in a High-Rise Commercial Residential Complex Building in South Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inkwan Paik ◽  
Seunguk Na ◽  
Seongho Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slab ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Complex Building ◽  
Operation Phase

The purpose of this study is to verify the environmental performance of the novel Void Deck Slab (VDS) system developed by the authors. The proposed VDS is a void slab system with enhanced design features that improve the constructability of the system through the elimination of additional works required to connect the void formers with the anchoring devices. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) technique was adopted to assess the carbon dioxide emissions of the void slab system with reference to the ordinary reinforced concrete slab. The system boundary of this study ranged from raw materials to pre-operation phase, in accordance with ISO 14044. The total CO2 emissions of the ordinary reinforced concrete slab and the void slab system were 204,433.06 and 151,754.75 kg CO2-eq, respectively, which equated to about 34% less emissions for the void slab system. In the case of the ordinary reinforced concrete slab, moulds accounted for approximately 62% of CO2 emission, followed by concrete (~34%). The main source of CO2 emissions for the void slab system was concrete that accounted for ~50%, followed by moulds and deck plates that accounted for roughly 27% and 19%, respectively. In the case of the void slab system, void formers would enable a lower amount of concrete, as well as the self-weight of the slab. Besides, although the void formers filled a significant volume of the slab, the contribution to CO2 emissions was less than 1%.

scholarly journals CALCULATION OF RELIABILITY OF REINFORCED CONCRETE FLIGHT STRUCTURES

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Roman Kaplin
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Structural Element ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slab ◽  
Bridge Structures ◽  
Number Of Cycles ◽  
Office Software

A large number of bridges are operated on the roads of Ukraine. The increase in the intensity and speed of traffic leads to qualitative changes in the operating conditions of bridge structures, which is characterized by a sharp increase in the number of cycles under load of bridge elements, and to the development of damage in them. For trouble-free operation and efficient use of bridge structures it is very important to have reliable estimates of the actual load capacity and resource, taking into account the loads, material quality, nature of the structure. The solution of the problem in this statement is possible only on the basis of the theory of reliability. However, its application to specific assessments of durability and reliability of structures is associated with the solution of a set of issues: the identification of patterns of change of various parameters, the accumulation of reliable and easy to calculate statistics on loads and mechanical characteristics of materials, etc. It is necessary to know that the strength of the material (sample) of the structural element and the structure as a whole are completely different things. The article considers a new design of reinforced concrete girder structure, using perforated metal elements and an effective reinforced concrete slab of the carriageway. On its basis, a computational model in the form of a finite-element model built in the SCAD-Office software package is formed. As a result of calculations, the components of the stress-strain state of the structure are obtained. Based on the obtained results, the reliability of the structure was calculatedunder the influence of modern regulatory loads. 

scholarly journals Enhancing the Punching Load Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Slabs Using an External Epoxy-Steel Wire Mesh Composite

Fibers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Abdulkhaliq A. Jaafer ◽  
Raid AL-Shadidi ◽  
Saba L. Kareem
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Wire Mesh ◽  
Concrete Slabs ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slab ◽  
Concentrated Load ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slabs ◽  
Steel Wire Mesh

The present experimental work investigates the applicability and performance of a new strengthening method for concrete slabs, intended to increase their punching resistance using combination layers of steel wire mesh with epoxy attached to the concrete slabs’ tension face. Six simply supported square reinforced concrete slab specimens were tested up to failure under a central concentrated load. The main parameters in the study are the concrete compressive strength (30 MPa and 65 MPa) and the configuration of a bundle externally fixed to the tension side of the tested slabs. The experimental results appeared to greatly enhance the performance of the specimens, as they were externally strengthenined under this new method. When compared to the control slabs, the punching load and stiffness of the strengthened slabs increased up to 28% and 21%, respectively.

scholarly journals A comprehensive procedure for estimating the stressed-strained state of a reinforced concrete bridge under the action of variable environmental temperatures

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (7 (110)) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Vitalii Kovalchuk ◽  
Artur Onyshchenko ◽  
Olexander Fedorenko ◽  
Mykola Habrel ◽  
Bogdan Parneta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Field ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Concrete Beam ◽  
Concrete Beams ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Beams ◽  
Strained State ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slab ◽  
Ambient Temperatures

This paper reports the full-scale experimental measurements of temperature distribution over the surfaces of bridges' steel-concrete beams under the influence of positive and negative ambient temperatures. It has been established that the temperature is distributed unevenly along the vertical direction of a bridge's steel-concrete beam. It was found that the metal beam accepted higher temperature values. The maximum registered temperature difference between a metal beam and a reinforced concrete slab at positive ambient temperatures was +9.0 °C, and the minimum temperature difference was −2.1 °C. The mathematical models for calculating a temperature field and a thermally strained state of bridges' steel-concrete beams under the influence of variable climatic temperature changes in the environment have been improved, taking into consideration the uneven temperature distribution across a bridge's reinforced concrete beam. The possibility has been established to consider a one-dimensional problem or to apply the three-dimensional estimated problem schemes as the estimation schemes for determining the thermo-elastic state of reinforced concrete bridges. The temperature field and the stressed state of bridges' reinforced concrete beams were determined. It was found that the maximum stresses arise at the place where a metal beam meets a reinforced concrete slab. These stresses amount to 73.4 MPa at positive ambient temperatures, and 69.3 MPa at negative ambient temperatures. The amount of stresses is up to 35 % of the permissible stress values. The overall stressed-strained state of a bridge's reinforced concrete beams should be assessed at the joint action of temperature-induced climatic influences and loads from moving vehicles

Mechanically Resistant Composite Material Using Optimal Amount of Pre-Treated Hazardous Waste

2019 ◽  
Vol 808 ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Tomáš Žlebek ◽  
Jakub Hodul ◽  
Rostislav Drochytka
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Mechanical Load ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Foam Glass ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Glass Waste ◽  
Metal Plating ◽  
Resistant Composite Material ◽  
Very High

The utilisation of a relatively high amount of hazardous waste such as neutralising sludge (NS), which is a by-product of galvanic metal plating, as filler in a mechanically resistant composite material with an epoxy matrix, appears to be a progressive approach for improving the environment aspects. Polymer composites containing a filler of pure finely-ground silica sand – silica flour (SF) and fine foam glass waste (FGW) with a particle size of less than 200 μm were used for comparison of the achieved mechanical parameters. Considering the required consistency of the composite, related to its intended application in practice, 40% of the epoxy resin fillings was tested. It was shown that the developed, mechanically-resistant composite exhibits very high impact and wear resistance. Based on the assessment of the results obtained, it was found that the composite containing pre-treated hazardous waste achieved only 20% lower compressive strength than the reference composite, which comprised only primary raw materials. It is thus claimed that specific pre-treated hazardous waste can be effectively used for the preparation of special repairing composite material, and also in areas with a significant mechanical load.

scholarly journals Effect of foam glass granules fillers modification of lime-sand products on their microstructure

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 299-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iga Jasińska
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Foam Glass ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Sand Sample ◽  
Glass Cullet ◽  
Heat Conduction Coefficient ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
The Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
White Foam ◽  
Glass Granulate

AbstractSilicate products are products made exclusively from natural raw materials. A relatively high value of the heat transfer coefficient is still considered a fault. This property adversely affects the thermal insulation of buildings and energy consumption, so you should look for materials with a low heat conduction coefficient. One of the ways of obtaining such products can be the use of light, porous fillers in the mass of lime-sand products.Due to the above, particular attention was paid to white foam glass in the form of granules, which is a product of recycling glass cullet. The research was carried out with a granulate size of 0.25-0.5 mm, share of which in the tested samples ranged from 5 to 30%. The obtained results were referred to the tests carried out on basic (lime-sand) sample.The aim of the article is to determine the correctness of the formation of selected usable properties of modified lime-sand products, taking into account changes in their microstructure. The article describes the results of volume density and compressive strength tests of basic samples and the samples modified by using the expanded glass granulate as well as the results of their observations by using of SEM and tests of phase composition obtained from XRD.

Analysis and design of reinforced concrete wall systems for blast

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Aaron J. Saucier
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Sandwich Panels ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Concrete Wall ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slab ◽  
Static Resistance

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] Building envelope is the first and most critical line of defense for a structure against external explosion. Building envelope can be divided into two categories; structural and non-structural. Non-structural types of building envelope, which are generally non-load bearing, are intended to enclose the building, and thus are conventionally designed to resist minimal lateral loading. Various ductile sheet materials are currently used to retrofit existing concrete wall systems to mitigate the effects of external blast. Sheet retrofits can increase the strength and ductility of the wall and provide a means of fragmentation control. The use of insulated precast/prestressed concrete and insulated tilt-up concrete sandwich panels for exterior walls is common practice. These forms of construction provide a thermally efficient and high-mass wall that enhances the energy efficiency and blast resistance of the building making it ideal for military and government facilities. Current design recommendations are very restrictive when using these forms of construction, due in large part to the lack of experimental research data. To develop blast design guidelines for wall systems, it is necessary to develop experimentally verified static resistance functions. In this dissertation, several concrete panel systems were experimentally and numerically analyzed, including concrete walls with different sheet retrofit systems and different sandwich panels (SWP's). A series of 15 retrofit panels and 35 SWP's were evaluated. The static performance of the wall systems subjected to uniform pressures will be presented. Nonlinear 3D Finite Element Models (FEM), analytical models and single degree of freedom (SDOF) analyses were performed to analyze the static and dynamic response of the wall systems. The developed models showed good correlation with the experimental results.Static resistance functions were developed for various types of sheet retrofits and reinforced concrete slab using a mechanics of materials approach. The individual analytical models for the sheet and reinforced concrete slab were then combined to develop a static resistance function for the concrete-sheet retrofit systems. The analytical model using layered beam approach combined with the plastic hinge proposed in this dissertation compared well with the experimental results for the SWP's. The SWP results indicate that such wall systems provide blast resistance over a large deformation range making these systems useful for blast protection applications. The responses of the SWP's were found to be sensitive to reinforcement type, shear ties used, and insulation. Various retrofit systems for concrete slabs were experimentally evaluated and analytically modeled in this project. Retrofits with a higher stiffness proved more difficult to analytically model but provided the greatest increase in energy absorption. Flexible retrofits provided a smaller increase in energy absorption and did not fail at large support rotations. All retrofits exhibited significant energy absorption after a support rotation of 10 degrees.

scholarly journals AN APPROXIMATE METHOD FOR THE ULTIMATE SHEAR STRENGTH OF HORIZONTALLY CURVED COMPOSITE PLATE GIRDERS

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nandivaram E. Shanmugam ◽  
Mohammed A. Basher ◽  
Khalim A. Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Approximate Method ◽  
Composite Plate ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Ultimate Shear Strength ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slab ◽  
Web Openings ◽  
Plate Girders ◽  
Horizontally Curved

The paper is concerned with the ultimate load capacity of horizontally curved composite plate girders. An approximate method to predict the ultimate shear strength of the girders is presented. The proposed method accounts for the tension field action in web panels, composite action between steel plate girder and reinforced concrete slab with full interaction and presence of web openings. The accuracy of the method is assessed by comparing the predicted values of ultimate shear strength with the corresponding results obtained by using the nonlinear finite element analyses through a computer package LUSAS. The comparisons show that the proposed method is capable of predicting the ultimate shear strength with an acceptable accuracy. Presence of web openings of different proportions and their effects on ultimate strength of the girders are examined. Girders with trapezoidally corrugated webs are also considered in the study.

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