Vertical Mixed Jet Behavior of Orifice Nozzle

2014 ◽  
Vol 1070-1072 ◽  
pp. 1978-1981
Author(s):  
Lu Peng ◽  
Dong Jun Kim ◽  
Hei Cheon Yang
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Entrainment Ratio ◽  
Penetration Length ◽  
Air Compressor ◽  
Primary Fluid ◽  
Experimental Apparatus ◽  
Jet Behavior ◽  
Transfer Behavior

The objective of this study is to experimentally investigate the mixed jet and oxygen transfer behavior of a vertical orifice nozzle. The experimental apparatus consisted of an electric motor-pump, an orifice nozzle, a circulation water tank, an air compressor, a high speed camera unit and controlling or measuring accessories. The entrainment ratio was calculated using the measured primary fluid flow rate and suction air flow rate with primary flow pressure. The visualization image of vertically injected air and mixed jet issuing from the orifice nozzle was analyzed qualitatively. As the air compressor pressure increases, the penetration length of mixed jet decreases and the mass ratio and dissolved oxygen concentration increase.

Thermal Interaction of Lead-Alloy Droplet With Subcooled Water in Pool Water Tank

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongyuan Sa ◽  
Minoru Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Interface Temperature ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Lead Alloy ◽  
Transient Pressure ◽  
Alloy Droplet ◽  
Subcooled Water ◽  
Pool Water ◽  
Film Instability ◽  
Experimental Apparatus

Visualization test was conducted by designing and setting up a special experimental apparatus to investigate characteristics of thermal-hydraulic interaction between lead-alloy droplet and subcooled water in pool water tank. The violent boiling phenomena were observed by a high-speed camera and local transient pressure was measured by high frequency piezo pressure transducer. The results showed that violent boiling mainly occurred when interface temperature between droplet and water was higher than homogenous nucleation temperature of water and subcooling temperature of water was higher than 40K. A violent boiling model for lead-alloy droplet/water interaction was proposed. In the model, partial contact of lead-alloy droplet with water caused by vapor film instability was taken into account to simulate fragmentation due to rapid evaporation.

A Novel Injection System for Hypovolemic Patients

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone P. Ercolani ◽  
Paolo Conti ◽  
Lucio Banetta
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Venous Pressure ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Constant Flow Rate ◽  
Experimental Apparatus

The aim of this paper is to test a new infusion system prototype which is intended to recover the normal venous return and lost blood quantity in hypovolemic patients. For this purpose a bolus of fluid is injected at a high speed in the vena cava, accelerating and dragging the stagnating flow upstream the catheter. In order to improve the effects of the injection and to avoid damage to heart valves, the injection is synchronized with the heart cycle and should be controlled by the electrocardiogram track of the patient in such a way that the maximum flow rate injected occurs when the tricuspid valve is open. An in-vitro experimental apparatus — simulating the vena cava and its environment — has been built and used to measure velocity and pressure fields in the vena cava during the high velocity injection. In a first embodiment, the experimental apparatus consists of two reservoirs arranged, respectively, upstream and downstream a Starling Resistor, but at different heights. A constant flow rate inside the vena cava is maintained, thus simulating the diastolic phase of the heart. In a second embodiment of the experimental apparatus, two electrical valves, arranged downstream the Starling Resistor, generate an oscillating pressure wave along the vena cava, thus simulating the human central venous pressure. By varying the flow rate inside the vena cava and the opening rate of the valves, it has been possible to evaluate the dragging effect of the new injection system and the mechanical behavior of the vena cava during both continuous and pulsating infusion.

scholarly journals Method for calculating actual capacity of single-stage long-stroke reciprocating compressors

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
V. L. Yusha ◽  
◽  
S. S. Busarov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Low Speed ◽  
Air Compressor ◽  
Productivity Losses ◽  
Long Stroke

The article presents a generalized method for calculating the actual performance of low-speed longstroke air compressor stages of compression, based on determining the flow rate as a set of coefficients reflecting the influence of various factors on productivity losses. The method takes into account the design and operating features of low-speed long-stroke air compressor stages of compression and differs significantly from a similar method used to calculate high-speed stages of reciprocating compressors

scholarly journals The invention relates to a method and a device for detecting the drainage flow rate of a hidden water tank

2021 ◽  
Vol 236 ◽  
pp. 01043
Author(s):  
Wenjin Zhou ◽  
Yanlong Wang ◽  
Wenbin Chen ◽  
Ying Wang
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Liquid Level ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Drainage Flow ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Fast Detection ◽  
Input Type ◽  
Level Sensor ◽  
Liquid Level Sensor

The invention discloses a method and a device for detecting the drainage flow rate of a hidden water tank. The method of real-time communication between electronic scale load-bearing device and profinet is proposed to realize the detection of drainage flow. The device consists of electronic scale load-bearing device, high-speed electronic scale acquisition module, PLC lower computer, touch screen man-machine interaction layer and so on. The device achieves fast detection response time and ensures sample integrity. It also avoid the problem of slow response of the input type liquid level sensor and inconvenient installation of magnetostrictive liquid level sensor.

A laboratory study of recovery boiler smelt shattering

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTON TARANENKO ◽  
MARKUS BUSSMANN ◽  
HONGHI TRAN
Keyword(s):  
Droplet Size ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Viscosity ◽  
Experimental Apparatus ◽  
Nozzle Position ◽  
Jet Velocity ◽  
Recovery Boiler

A scaled-down experimental apparatus was built to examine smelt shattering during typical recovery boiler operations. Water-glycerine solutions and air were used in place of smelt and steam. A high-speed camera and image processing software were used to record and quantify liquid shattering in terms of droplet number and size distributions, as a function of air velocity, air nozzle position, liquid flow rate, and liquid viscosity. The results showed that increasing shatter jet velocity reduced average droplet size, increasing the liquid flow rate increased droplet size, and placing the shatter jet nozzle closer to the liquid stream decreased droplet size. These results were all as expected. The effect of liquid viscosity (1-50 cP) depended on the shatter jet velocity. At high air velocities, even the viscous liquid was well shattered, but at lower velocities, the effect of viscosity on shattering was significant.

scholarly journals Numerical Investigation of the Effect of Air Leaking into the Working Fluid on the Performance of a Steam Ejector

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 6111
Author(s):  
He Li ◽  
Xiaodong Wang ◽  
Jiuxin Ning ◽  
Pengfei Zhang ◽  
Hailong Huang
Keyword(s):  
Flow Structure ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Internal Flow ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Entrainment Ratio ◽  
Air Mass ◽  
Steam Ejector ◽  
Primary Fluid ◽  
Mass Fractions

This paper investigated the effect of air leaking into the working fluid on the performance of a steam ejector. A simulation of the mixing of air into the primary and secondary fluids was performed using CFD. The effects of air with a 0, 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 mass fraction on the entrainment ratio and internal flow structure of the steam ejector were studied, and the coefficient distortion rates for the entrainment ratios under these air mass fractions were calculated. The results demonstrated that the air modified the physical parameters of the working fluid, which is the main reason for changes in the entrainment ratio and internal flow structure. The calculation of the coefficient distortion rate of the entrainment ratio illustrated that the air in the primary fluid has a more significant impact on the change in the entrainment ratio than that in the secondary fluid under the same air mass fraction. Therefore, the air mass fraction in the working fluid must be minimized to acquire a precise entrainment ratio. Furthermore, this paper provided a method of inspecting air leakage in the experimental steam ejector refrigeration system.

scholarly journals Research and Fabrication of Broadband Ring Flextensional Underwater Transducer

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1548
Author(s):  
Jiuling Hu ◽  
Lianjin Hong ◽  
Lili Yin ◽  
Yu Lan ◽  
Hao Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Flexural Vibration ◽  
Underwater Acoustic Communication ◽  
Voltage Response ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Spherical Cap ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Underwater Transducer

At present, high-speed underwater acoustic communication requires underwater transducers with the characteristics of low frequency and broadband. The low-frequency transducers also are expected to be low-frequency directional for realization of point-to-point communication. In order to achieve the above targets, this paper proposes a new type of flextensional transducer which is constructed of double mosaic piezoelectric ceramic rings and spherical cap metal shells. The transducer realizes broadband transmission by means of the coupling between radial vibration of the piezoelectric rings and high-order flexural vibration of the spherical cap metal shells. The low-frequency directional transmission of the transducer is realized by using excitation signals with different amplitude and phase on two mosaic piezoelectric rings. The relationship between transmitting voltage response (TVR), resonance frequency and structural parameters of the transducer is analyzed by finite element software COMSOL. The broadband performance of the transducer is also optimized. On this basis, the low-frequency directivity of the transducer is further analyzed and the ratio of the excitation signals of the two piezoelectric rings is obtained. Finally, a prototype of the broadband ring flextensional underwater transducer is fabricated according to the results of simulation. The electroacoustic performance of the transducer is tested in an anechoic water tank. Experimental results show that the maximum TVR of the transducer is 147.2 dB and the operation bandwidth is 1.5–4 kHz, which means that the transducer has good low-frequency, broadband transmission capability. Meanwhile, cardioid directivity is obtained at 1.4 kHz and low-frequency directivity is realized.

scholarly journals Design and thermal characteristic analysis of motorized spindle cooling system

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 168781402110208
Author(s):  
Yuan Zhang ◽  
Lifeng Wang ◽  
Yaodong Zhang ◽  
Yongde Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Thermal Deformation ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Thermal Characteristic ◽  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Motorized Spindle ◽  
Experiment And Simulation

The thermal deformation of high-speed motorized spindle will affect its reliability, so fully considering its thermal characteristics is the premise of optimal design. In order to study the thermal characteristics of high-speed motorized spindles, a coupled model of thermal-flow-structure was established. Through experiment and simulation, the thermal characteristics of spiral cooling motorized spindle are studied, and the U-shaped cooled motorized spindle is designed and optimized. The simulation results show that when the diameter of the cooling channel is 7 mm, the temperature of the spiral cooling system is lower than that of the U-shaped cooling system, but the radial thermal deformation is greater than that of the U-shaped cooling system. As the increase of the channel diameter of U-shaped cooling system, the temperature and radial thermal deformation decrease. When the diameter is 10 mm, the temperature and radial thermal deformation are lower than the spiral cooling system. And as the flow rate increases, the temperature and radial thermal deformation gradually decrease, which provides a basis for a reasonable choice of water flow rate. The maximum error between experiment and simulation is 2°C, and the error is small, which verifies the accuracy and lays the foundation for future research.

Droplet transfer behavior of narrow gap laser wire filling welding

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (01n03) ◽  
pp. 1940045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Zhang ◽  
R. Wang ◽  
G. Gou ◽  
H. Chen ◽  
W. Gao
Keyword(s):  
Welding Speed ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
High Speed Photography ◽  
Narrow Gap ◽  
Droplet Transfer ◽  
Transfer Behavior ◽  
Feeding Speed ◽  
Wire Feeding ◽  
Droplet Transition

In this paper, we study the droplet transition behavior of narrow gap laser wire filling welding under the condition of changing welding speed and wire feeding speed, and it was observed by high-speed photography. It was found that with the increase of welding speed, the frequency of droplet transfer was reduced and the transition period was prolonged. With the increase of wire feeding speed, the wire was not fully melted and finally inserted into the molten pool.

Experimental Characterization of a Modified Airlift Pump

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afshin Goharzadeh ◽  
Keegan Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
High Speed Photography ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Inner Diameter ◽  
Airlift Pump ◽  
Flow Map ◽  
Churn Flow

This paper presents an experimental investigation on a modified airlift pump. Experiments were undertaken as a function of air-water flow rate for two submergence ratios (ε=0.58 and 0.74), and two different riser geometries (i) straight pipe with a constant inner diameter of 19 mm and (ii) enlarged pipe with a sudden expanded diameter of 19 to 32 mm. These transparent vertical pipes, of 1 m length, were submerged in a transparent rectangular tank (0.45×0.45×1.1 m3). The compressed air was injected into the vertical pipe to lift the water from the reservoir. The flow map regime is established for both configurations and compared with previous studies. The two phase air-water flow structure at the expansion region is experimentally characterized. Pipeline geometry is found to have a significant influence on the output water flow rate. Using high speed photography and electrical conductivity probes, new flow regimes, such as “slug to churn” and “annular to churn” flow, are observed and their influence on the output water flow rate and efficiency are discussed. These experimental results provide fundamental insights into the physics of modified airlift pump.

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