Effects of Indium Incorporation on the Optical Properties of ZnO Films

2006 ◽  
Vol 11-12 ◽  
pp. 159-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Ge Cao ◽  
Lei Miao ◽  
Sakae Tanemura ◽  
Yasuhiko Hayashi ◽  
Masaki Tanemura
Keyword(s):  
Optical Transmission ◽  
Full Width Half Maximum ◽  
Structural Disorder ◽  
Band Gaps ◽  
Zno Films ◽  
Photoluminescence Spectra ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Optical Band Gaps ◽  
Xrd Patterns

Transparent indium-doped ZnO (IZO) films with low In content (<6at%) were fabricated through radio-frequency (rf) helicon magnetron sputtering. Formation of In-Zn-O solid solution was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. Incorporation of indium into ZnO films enhances the optical transmission in the visible wavelength. The optical band-gaps slightly increase from 3.25eV (ZnO) to 3.28eV (In0.04Zn0.96O) and to 3.30eV (In0.06Zn0.94O) due to Burstain-Moss effect. The Urbach tail parameter E0, which is believed to be a function of structural disorder, increases from 79meV (ZnO), to 146meV (In0.04Zn0.96O), and to 173meV (In0.06Zn0.94O), which is consistent with increase of Full-Width Half-Maximum (FWHM) in corresponding XRD patterns. Decreasing in crystal quality with increasing indium concentration is also confirmed by photoluminescence spectra.

Tracking the changes in the structural, optical and photoluminescent properties of CuCo2O4/MnS nanocomposites with different composition ratios

2022 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zein K. Heiba ◽  
Mohamed Bakr Mohamed ◽  
Noura M. Farag ◽  
Ali Badawi
Keyword(s):  
Visible Region ◽  
Average Crystallite Size ◽  
Band Gaps ◽  
Optical Parameters ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Optical Band Gaps ◽  
Refinement Method ◽  
Xrd Phase Analysis ◽  
Composition Ratios

Abstract (1−x)CuCo2O4/xMnS (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5) nanocomposite samples were formed using hydrothermal and thermolysis procedures. X-ray diffraction (XRD) phase analysis showed the formation of only CuCo2O4 phase necessitating the inclusion of Mn and S ions into the CuCo2O4 lattice. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses confirmed the presence of Mn and S ions in the nanocomposite samples. Rietveld refinement method was applied to determine the cation distribution of the different ions between different sites. The cell parameter (a) has no fixed trend of change. The average crystallite size is almost the same for all samples with an average of 15 nm. The effect of insertion of Mn and S ions into the CuCo2O4 on the diffused absorbance, extinction coefficient, refractive index, dielectric properties, and nonlinear optical parameters was discussed in detail. The pristine CuCo2O4 nanoparticles have two direct optical band gaps (1.65, 2.74) eV which are decreased to (1.59, 2.56) and (1.58, 2.54) eV for the MnS content x = 0.25 and 0.5, respectively. The two indirect optical band gaps of pristine CuCo2O4 changed irregularly as the MnS amount increased in the nanocomposite. The PL spectrum of CuCo2O4 is shifted to higher wavelength in the visible region upon alloying with MnS. The photoluminescence (PL) intensity of the nanocomposite samples is smaller than that of CuCo2O4 sample. The emitted PL colors depended on the amount of Mn and S ions in the CuCo2O4 matrix.

Photostimulated Changes of Electrical Characteristics of Ag/CdTe Thin Film Structures

2005 ◽  
Vol 865 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.D. Dzhafarov ◽  
M. Caliskan
Keyword(s):  
Optical Transmission ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Effective Diffusion ◽  
Electrical Characteristics ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Temperature Dependence Of Conductivity ◽  
Transmission Measurements ◽  
Cdte Films ◽  
Xrd Patterns

AbstractElectrical, optical and structural properties of Ag/CdTe structures exposed to thermal (in dark) and photoannealing (under illumination) have been studied. The effective diffusion coefficie nt of Ag in CdTe films have been estimated from resistance versus duration of annealing curves. In the range of 280-420°C the effective coefficient of thermal diffusion (Dt) and photodiffusion (Dph) are described as Dt= 1.9x105exp (-1.60/kT) and Dph =8.7x103exp(-1.36/kT). The acceleration of Ag diffusion under illumination was tentatively attributed to photoionization of Ag increasing the interstitial flux of silver. Ag/CdTe structures exposed to annealing were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), I-V, C-V, conductivity-temperature and optical transmission measurements. In XRD patterns of annealed Ag/CdTe structures, besides the intensive (111) peak of cubic CdTe, the weak peaks of Ag2Te phase are also present. The temperature dependence of conductivity of annealed Ag/CdTe structures showed the energy levels 0.13 eV.

scholarly journals Structural Disorder in Layered Hybrid Halide Perovskites: Types of Stacking Faults, Influence on Optical Properties and Their Suppression by Crystallization Engineering

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3333
Author(s):  
Andrei S. Tutantsev ◽  
Ekaterina I. Marchenko ◽  
Natalia N. Udalova ◽  
Sergey A. Fateev ◽  
Eugene A. Goodilin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Stacking Faults ◽  
Structural Disorder ◽  
Model System ◽  
Thickness Variation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Simple Addition ◽  
Halide Perovskites ◽  
Xrd Patterns

Layered hybrid halide perovskites (LHHPs) are an emerging type of semiconductor with a set of unique optoelectronic properties. However, the solution processing of high-quality LHHPs films with desired optical properties and phase composition is a challenging task, possibly due to the structural disorder in the LHHP phase. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of experimental evidence and understanding of the nature of the structural disorder in LHHPs and its influence on the optical properties of the material. In the current work, using 2D perovskites (C4H9NH3)2(CH3NH3)n−1PbnI3n+1 (further BA2MAn−1PbnI3n+1) with n = 1–4 as a model system, we demonstrate that deviations in LHHPs optical properties and X-ray diffraction occur due to the presence of continuous defects—Stacking Faults (SFs). Upon analyzing the experimental data and modeled XRD patterns of a possible set of stacking faults (SFs) in the BA2MAPb2I7 phase, we uncover the most plausible type of SFs, featured by the thickness variation within one perovskite slab. We also demonstrate the successful suppression of SFs formation by simple addition of BAI excess into BA2MAn−1PbnI3n+1 solutions.

The effect of induced strains on the optical band gaps in lanthanum-doped zinc ferrite nanocrystalline powders

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (18) ◽  
pp. 1650230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fathalla Hamed ◽  
Tholkappiyan Ramachandran ◽  
Vishista Kurapati
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Ferrite ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Band Gaps ◽  
Nanocrystalline Powders ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Porous Network ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Optical Band Gaps ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Auto Combustion

ZnFe[Formula: see text]La[Formula: see text]O4 nanocrystalline powders were synthesized by auto-combustion with the aid of glycine as fuel. The synthesized powders were subjected to heat treatment in air at constant temperatures (600–970[Formula: see text]C) for a period of 2 h. The annealed powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and UV–Vis–NIR spectroscopy. The as-synthesized and annealed powders formed spongy porous network structure with voids and pores. All the powders were found to be single phase nanomaterial with cubic spinel crystal structure and the desired composition; however, they contained strains, dislocations and lattice distortions. Some of these strains and dislocations are relaxed as a function of annealing temperature. The powders displayed direct and indirect optical band gaps. The energies of these band gaps were found to vary as a function of the induced strains and dislocations. It is suggested that the energy of the optical band gap in lanthanum-doped zinc ferrite nanocrystalline powders can be varied as a function of induced strains if the initial preparation conditions and the following heat treatments are controlled.

scholarly journals ZnO Film Photocatalysts

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bosi Yin ◽  
Siwen Zhang ◽  
Dawei Zhang ◽  
Yang Jiao ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Zno Films ◽  
Photoluminescence Spectra ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Zno Film ◽  
High Quality ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Photodegradation Efficiency ◽  
Hydrothermal Approach ◽  
Scanning Electron

We have synthesized high-quality, nanoscale ultrathin ZnO films at relatively low temperature using a facile and effective hydrothermal approach. ZnO films were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectra (PL), and UV-vis absorption spectroscopy. The products demonstrated 95% photodegradation efficiency with Congo red (CR) after 40 min irradiation. The photocatalytic degradation experiments of methyl orange (MO) and eosin red also were carried out. The results indicate that the as-obtained ZnO films might be promising candidates as the excellent photocatalysts for elimination of waste water.

scholarly journals Effect of Annealing Temperature on Physical Properties of Indium Doped Cadmium Oxide Thin Films

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 3475-3481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinan A. Abd ◽  
Enas M. Al-Robayi ◽  
Zainab J. Shanan ◽  
Nadir F. Habubi
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Optical Transmission ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Cadmium Oxide ◽  
Optical And Electrical Properties ◽  
Photoluminescence Spectra ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cdo Thin Films ◽  
Cdo Films

     Nanostructured indium doped CdO thin films were prepared by spray pyrolysis on glass substrate and annealed at 200-400 ᵒC for 1 hour. The structural, optical, and electrical properties of prepared films were studied using different techniques such as optical transmission, photoluminescence, X-ray diffraction, and Hall measurement. X-ray analysis shows that the In doped CdO films are preferentially orientated along (111) crystallographic directions. Increasing of annealing temperature increases the films packing density and reorient the crystallites along (1 1 1) plane.  The optical transmissions of all annealed films decreased with increasing annealing temperature. An increasing in the absorbance and photoluminescence spectra with increasing annealing temperature was denoted in all films. The band gap value of CdO:4%In equals to 2.5 eV and it decreases with annealing temperature and reaches of 2.45 eV for 400°C. The resistivity of annealed films decreased as annealing temperature increased. While high conductivity achieved in the present study is found to be 11.37 ×102 (Ω.cm)-1 for annealing at 400°C. 

In Air Template-Free Synthesis of In2S3 Hierarchical Nanostructure from InCl3·4H2O and Thiourea

2010 ◽  
Vol 152-153 ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
Shi Yin Li ◽  
Zhen Ni Du ◽  
Yong Cai Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Band Gaps ◽  
Cubic Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Electronic Microscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hierarchical Nanostructure ◽  
Optical Band Gaps ◽  
Template Free

A novel template-free method, which was based on heating the mixture of InCl3•4H2O and thiourea in air from room temperature to 200 or 250 °C, coupled with a subsequent washing treatment using distilled water and ethanol, was proposed for the synthesis of In2S3 hierarchical nanostructure. X-ray diffraction and field emission scanning electronic microscopy demonstrated that the obtained products were pure cubic phase In2S3 urchin-like clusters built up by mainly nanoflakes (about 12–47 nm thick). UV-vis absorption spectra disclosed that the as-prepared In2S3 urchins had optical band gaps in the range of about 2.18–2.26 eV.

Chemically deposited antimony selenide thin films

2002 ◽  
Vol 730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Rodríguez-Lazcano ◽  
Y. Peña ◽  
M.T. S. Nair ◽  
P. K. Nair
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Electron Microprobe ◽  
Atomic Ratio ◽  
Band Gaps ◽  
High Resistivity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sodium Selenosulfate ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Antimony Selenide

AbstractChemical bath deposition of thin films of antimony selenide from aqueous solutions containing complexes of antimony with citrate, tartrate and thiosulfate as ligands and sodium selenosulfate as source of selenide is reported. The films obtained appear amorphous in the as-prepared form and become crystalline upon annealing at 300°C. The X-ray Diffraction (XRD) patterns of the annealed films show peaks attributable to Sb2Se3 and Sb2O3. Electron microprobe analyses have shown that the atomic ratio of Se/Sb is less than 1.5 in these films. The films are photoconductive and exhibit a high resistivity in the dark. Both direct (1.4 eV) and indirect (1.3-1.5 eV) band gaps are observed for the films.

Synthesis and Morphology of ZnO Films Prepared by Magnetron Sputtering

2013 ◽  
Vol 307 ◽  
pp. 333-336
Author(s):  
Shiuh Chuan Her ◽  
Tsung Chi Chi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Substrate Temperature ◽  
Rf Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Zno Thin Films ◽  
Zno Films ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Xrd Patterns

Zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films were deposited on glass substrate by Radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering. The effect of substrate temperature on the microstructure of the ZnO films has been investigated. Crystal structure and surface morphology of the films were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). XRD patterns and AFM images show that the crystallinity and grain size are increasing with the increase of substrate temperature.

scholarly journals Structural and Enhanced Optical Properties of Stabilized γ‒Bi2O3 Nanoparticles: Effect of Oxygen Ion Vacancies

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish Chhaganlal Gandhi ◽  
Chia-Liang Cheng ◽  
Sheng Yun Wu
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Excess Oxygen ◽  
Ambient Atmosphere ◽  
Photoluminescence Spectra ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Band Emission ◽  
Oxygen Ion ◽  
Integrated Intensity ◽  
Effect Of Oxygen

We report the synthesis of room temperature (RT) stabilized γ–Bi2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) at the expense of metallic Bi NPs through annealing in an ambient atmosphere. RT stability of the metastable γ–Bi2O3 NPs is confirmed using synchrotron radiation powder X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. γ–Bi2O3 NPs exhibited a strong red-band emission peaking at ~701 nm, covering 81% integrated intensity of photoluminescence spectra. Our findings suggest that the RT stabilization and enhanced red-band emission of γ‒Bi2O3 is mediated by excess oxygen ion vacancies generated at the octahedral O(2) sites during the annealing process.

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