Behaviors of Carbon in Different Concentration of Sulfuric Acid

2010 ◽  
Vol 146-147 ◽  
pp. 18-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Rui Zhao ◽  
Dong Shu ◽  
Hong Yu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Concentration ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

N2 adsorption-desorption method, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscopy were employed to test changes of the specific surface area, average pore diameter and appearances of activated carbons treated with different concentration of sulfuric acid. It can be concluded that these performances altered with sulfuric acid concentration. Activated carbon can be oxidized when the acid concentration increase to a certain value and this process takes time that sulfuric acid molecules first insert in the pore of the carbon which represented by reduction of the specific surface area of carbon and then oxidization occurred. This study is very significant in the development of carbon which is suitable for lead acid battery.

scholarly journals Activated carbons from common nettle as potential adsorbents for CO2 capture

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Alicja Szymańska ◽  
Amelia Skoczek ◽  
Jacek Przepiórski
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Dft Method ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Abstract Activated carbons (ACs) prepared from common nettle (Urtica Dioica L.) were studied in terms of carbon dioxide adsorption. ACs were prepared by KOH chemical activation in a nitrogen atmosphere at temperatures (ranging from 500 to 850°C). The pore structure and the surface characterization of the ACs were specified based on adsorption-desorption isotherms of nitrogen measured at –196°C and carbon dioxide at 0°C. The specific surface area was calculated according to the BET equation. The pore volume was estimated using the DFT method. The highest values of the specific surface area (SSA) showed activated carbons produced at higher carbonization temperatures. All samples revealed presence of micropores and mesopores with a diameter range of 0.3–10 nm. The highest value of the CO2 adsorption, 4.22 mmol/g, was found for the material activated at 700°C.

scholarly journals Use of sawdust Eucalyptus sp. in the preparation of activated carbons

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Martucci Couto ◽  
Anelise Lima de Abreu Dessimoni ◽  
Maria Lúcia Bianchi ◽  
Deise Morone Perígolo ◽  
Paulo Fernando Trugilho
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Physical Activation ◽  
Elementary Analysis ◽  
Aqueous Effluents ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Eucalyptus Sawdust

Wood sawdust is a solid residue, generated in the timber industry, which is of no profitable use and can cause serious environmental problems if disposed inadequately. The aim of this study was to use the eucalyptus sawdust in the preparation of activated carbons AC) and test them as adsorbents of methylene blue (MB) and phenol, representative pollutants from aqueous effluents of various industries. The eucalyptus sawdust was characterized by instrumental analysis such as elementary analysis (CHNS-O), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The activated carbons were prepared by physical activation with carbon dioxide AC_CO2, (10º C min-1, 850º C, 1h) and by chemical activation with potassium carbonate AC_K2CO3 (10º C min-1, 850º C, 3h). The AC_CO2 and AC_K2CO3 were characterized by CHN-O, TGA, FTIR, N2 adsorption/desorption (BET) to evaluate the specific surface area and SEM. The resulting activated carbons were tested for their ability to adsorb MB and phenol in water. The activated carbons produced in this work were predominantly microporous and showed specific surface area of about 535 m² g-1. The AC_K2CO3 was more effective in the adsorption of MB (81 mg g-1) and phenol (330 mg g-1) than AC_CO2 (32 mg g-1 and 172 mg g-1, respectively, for MB and phenol).

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization, and Photocatalytic Activity of Zn-Doped SnO2/Zn2SnO4Coupled Nanocomposites

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiekun Jia ◽  
Junwei Zhao ◽  
Fang Fu ◽  
Zhao Deng ◽  
Weimin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Diffuse Reflection Spectroscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
20 Nm ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Zn-doped SnO2/Zn2SnO4nanocomposites were prepared via a two-step hydrothermal synthesis method. The as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-vis diffuse reflection spectroscopy, and adsorption-desorption isotherms. The results of FESEM and TEM showed that the as-prepared Zn-doped SnO2/Zn2SnO4nanocomposites are composed of numerous nanoparticles with the size ranging from 20 nm to 50 nm. The specific surface area of the as-prepared Zn-doped SnO2/Zn2SnO4nanocomposites is estimated to be 71.53 m2/g by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated by the degradation of methylene blue (MB), and the resulting showed that Zn-doped SnO2/Zn2SnO4nanocomposites exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity due to their higher specific surface area and surface charge carrier transfer.

Fuels Desulphurisation by Adsorbtion on Fe / Bentonite

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-486
Author(s):  
Constantin Sorin Ion ◽  
Mihaela Bombos ◽  
Gabriel Vasilievici ◽  
Dorin Bombos
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Pore Volume ◽  
Pore Diameter ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Continuous System ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Atmospheric Distillation

Desulfurisation of atmospheric distillation gasoline and gas oil was performed by adsorption process on Fe/ bentonite. The adsorbent was characterized by determining the adsorption isotherms, specific surface area, pore volume and average pore diameter. Adsorption experiments of atmospheric distillation gasoline and gas oil were performed in continuous system at 280�320oC, 5 atm and volume hourly space velocities of 1�2 h-1. The efficiency of adsorption on Fe / bentonite was better at desulphurisation of gasoline versus gas oil.

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF FERROELECTRIC NANOCRYSTAL POWDERS OF SrBi2Ta2O9 BY A POLYMERIZABLE COMPLEX METHOD

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (15n17) ◽  
pp. 2514-2519 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIN-BO CHENG ◽  
AI-DONG LI ◽  
QI-YUE SHAO ◽  
YUE-FENG TANG ◽  
DI WU
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Thermal Analyses ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Complex Method ◽  
Powder Synthesis ◽  
Conventional Solid State Reaction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Average Size

Ferroelectric nanocrystal powders of SrBi2Ta2O9 (SBT) have been first prepared by a polymerizable complex (PC) route. The bismuth powder, strontium carbonate, and water-soluble tantalum oxalate solution were used as starting materials. Thermal analyses (TGA and DSC), x-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and conventional BET method were explored to characterize the structure, morphology, and specific surface area of PC-derived SBT powders calcined at 500-850 °C. As control samples, SBT powders were also fabricated by metalorganic decomposition (MOD) method. The XRD and TEM results indicate that high pure and well crystalline powders can be obtained at 650 °C with a average size of 50 nm. The PC-derived powder has much larger surface area than MOD-derived powder. The BET value of PC and MOD powder at 750 °C for 2h is 6.7 and 1.5m2/g, respectively. The specific surface area of powder prepared by conventional solid-state reaction is quite low, typically less than 1.5m2/g. Therefore, the feasibility of the polymerizable complex route is demonstrated in the powder synthesis of SBT with large surface area.

Synthesis of Novel Core-Shell Structured Hydroxyapatite/Meso-Silica for Removal of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solutions

2012 ◽  
Vol 463-464 ◽  
pp. 543-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Feng Li ◽  
Xiao Lu Ge ◽  
Shu Guang Liu ◽  
Fei Yu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Core-shell structured hydroxyapatite (HA)/meso-silica was prepared and used as absorbance of methylene blue (MB). HA/meso-silica was synthesized in three steps: preparation of nano-sized HA by wet precipitation method, coating of dense silica and deposition of meso-silica shell on HA. As-received samples were characterized by Fourier transformed infare spectra, small angle X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm and transmission electron microscopy. A wormhole framework mesostructure was found for HA/meso-silica. The specific surface area and pore volume were 128 m2•g-1 and 0.36 cm3•g-1, respectively. From the adsorption isotherm, HA/meso-silica with the great specific surface area exhibited a prominent adsorption capacity of MB (134.0 mg/g) in comparison with bare HA (0 mg/g). This study might shed light on surface modification of conventional low-cost adsorbents for removal of organic pollutants from aqueous solutions.

scholarly journals Acid Modification of the Unsupported NiMo Catalysts by Y-Zeolite Nanoclusters

Crystals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 344
Author(s):  
Chengwu Dong ◽  
Changlong Yin ◽  
Tongtong Wu ◽  
Zhuyan Wu ◽  
Dong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Y Zeolite ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Acid Modification ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Nimo Catalysts

Unsupported NiMo catalyst has high hydrogenation activity due to its high active site distribution. However, low specific surface area and pore distribution greatly limit the efficient utilization of the active components. The Y-zeolite nanoclusters were hydrothermally synthesized and introduced into the unsupported NiMo catalysts from a layered nickel molybdate complex oxide. The XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption, FT-IR, Py-IR, SEM, NH3-TPD, and TEM were used to characterize all catalysts. The dibenzothiophene (DBT) hydrodesulfurization (HDS) reaction was performed in a continuous high pressure microreactor. The results showed that the specific surface area, pore volume, and average pore size of the unsupported NiMo catalysts were greatly increased by the Y-zeolite nanoclusters, and a more dispersed structure was produced. Furthermore, the Lewis acid and total acid content of the unsupported NiMo catalysts were greatly improved by the Y-zeolite nanoclusters. The HDS results showed that the unsupported NiMo catalysts modified by the nanoclusters had the same high desulfurization efficiency as the unmodified catalyst, but had more proportion of direct desulfurization (DDS) products. The results offer an alternative to reducing hydrogen consumption and save cost in the production of ultra clean diesel.

Synthesis of High Quality Porous Carbon from Water Hyacinth

2020 ◽  
Vol 860 ◽  
pp. 173-177
Author(s):  
Otong Nurhilal ◽  
Renaldy Sharin Lesmana ◽  
Karina Ramadayanti ◽  
Sholihatul Habibah ◽  
Sahrul Hidayat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Porous Carbon ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Porous Volume ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Water Hyacinth (WH) is a plant that can absorb various pollutants in water. However, this plant is categorized as an invasive plant that can become a weed in the waters. To improve the functionality of WH, processing of WH is needed to be used for various applications. One of modifications of WH is as porous carbon for battery cathode composite. In this paper, we reported a synthesis of a porous carbon from WH. WH is processed into carbon by carbonization at various temperatures of 400, 500 and 600 °C with various activators of KOH, H3PO4 and ZnCl2 to obtain high quality porous carbon which has high electrical conductivity, large specific surface area and large porous volume. All synthesized carbons were characterized by proximate analysis measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and N2 adsorption-desorption measurements. The highest carbon fixed content of 37.79% is obtained from charcoal with a carbonization temperature of 400 °C. The largest specific surface area of 264.77 m2/g was obtained from activated carbon with H3PO4 as activator. The values of pore volume and pore radius were 0.186 cm3/g and 1.56 nm, respectively.

scholarly journals Activated Carbons from Thermoplastic Precursors and Their Energy Storage Applications

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye-Min Lee ◽  
Kwan-Woo Kim ◽  
Young-Kwon Park ◽  
Kay-Hyeok An ◽  
Soo-Jin Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Field Emission ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Pore Volume ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Total Pore Volume ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Mesopore Volume

In this study, low-density polyethylene (LDPE)-derived activated carbons (PE-AC) were prepared as electrode materials for an electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC) by techniques of cross-linking, carbonization, and subsequent activation under various conditions. The surface morphologies and structural characteristics of the PE-AC were observed by field-emission scanning electron microscope, Cs-corrected field-emission transmission electron microscope, and X-ray diffraction analysis, respectively. The nitrogen adsorption isotherm-desorption characteristics were confirmed by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, nonlocal density functional theory, and Barrett–Joyner–Halenda equations at 77 K. The results showed that the specific surface area and total pore volume of the activated samples increased with increasing the activation time. The specific surface area, the total pore volume, and mesopore volume of the PE-AC were found to be increased finally to 1600 m2/g, 0.86 cm3/g, and 0.3 cm3/g, respectively. The PE-AC also exhibited a high mesopore volume ratio of 35%. This mesopore-rich characteristic of the activated carbon from the LDPE is considered to be originated from the cross-linking density and crystallinity of precursor polymer. The high specific surface area and mesopore volume of the PE-AC led to their excellent performance as EDLC electrodes, including a specific capacitance of 112 F/g.

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