The Paleotopography Reconstruction of late Cretaceous Dabie Orogen by Low-Temperature Thermochronological Age-Elevation Relationships

2011 ◽  
Vol 327 ◽  
pp. 165-170
Author(s):  
Ru Xin Ding ◽  
Zheng Hai Wang ◽  
Zu Yi Zhou ◽  
Chang Hai Xu
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Regional Difference ◽  
Dabie Orogen ◽  
North West ◽  
Regional Control ◽  
The North ◽  
Extensional Structure ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Exhumation Rates ◽  
Thermal Doming

The paleotopography reconstruction of orogen has an important research value on the study of mountain building and the study of orogen’s regional control over the paleoclimate change. Considering the Dabie orogen’s regional difference in exhumation, this article models the post-orogenic exhumation rates and the relief evolution rates by low-temperature thermochronology and age-elevation relationships. The result shows that the mean exhumation rates（0.07～0.08km/Ma）of the middle block, the southwest block, and the southeast block are higher than the rate（0.06 km/Ma）of the northwest block and the northeast block. The relief evolution rate of the northeast block (3.5) is the highest, the middle block (3.0) follows, the southeast block (2.5) goes after, and those of the north-west block and south-west block（2.0,1.5）are the lowest. This is might be related to the thermal doming extensional structure of Dabie orogen in Cretaceous.

scholarly journals On tho proportions of the prevailing winds, the mean temperature, and depth of rain in the climate of London, computed through a cycle of Eighteen Years, or periods of the Moon’s declination

1843 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 300-300
Keyword(s):  
The Moon ◽  
Fair Weather ◽  
North West ◽  
West Wind ◽  
North East ◽  
East Wind ◽  
The North ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Solar Influence

In this paper the author investigates the periodical variations of the winds, rain and temperature, corresponding to the conditions of the moon’s declination, in a manner similar to that he has already followed in the case of the barometrical variations, on a period of years extending from 1815 to 1832 inclusive. In each case he gives tables of the average quantities for each week, at the middle of which the moon is in the equator, or else has either attained its maximum north or south declination. He thus finds that a north-east wind is most promoted by the constant solar influence which causes it, when the moon is about the equator, going from north to south; that a south-east wind, in like manner, prevails most when the moon is proceeding to acquire a southern declination ; that winds from the south and west blow more when the moon is in her mean degrees of declination, going either way, than with a full north or south declination ; and that a north-west wind, the common summer and fair weather wind of the climate, affects, in like manner, the mean declination, in either direction, in preference to the north or south, and most when the moon is coming north. He finds the average annual depth of rain, falling in the neighbourhood of London, is 25’17 inches.

scholarly journals Biochemical parameters variations with season, age, sex, parity and pregnancy in crossbred goats raised in Tiaret, Algeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-79
Author(s):  
Berrani Abdelkader ◽  
Meliani Samia ◽  
Bourabah Akila
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Nutritional Conditions ◽  
Physiological Stage ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the influence of season, age, sex, parity and gestation status on some biochemical parameters in local cross-bred goats raised in Tiaret, Algeria. Ninety cross bred local goats, from 2019 to 2020, aged between nine and seventy-two months at different physiological stage were used. Animals belong to different farms in Tiaret located at the north-west Algeria (35°22’ N, 1°19’ E). The mean values of triglycerides, creatinine and calcium were significantly (p<0,05) higher in winter than in spring. The physiological state of the goat had a significant influence (p<0,05) on cholesterol, urea, total proteins, calcium and phosphorus, with a high average values in non-pregnant goats, while triglycerides and globulin had significant higher values in postpartum and pregnant femals, respectively. In our work, parity had a significant influence (p<0,05) on cholesterol, calcium and phosphorus, with high average values in young goats and a significant influence (p<0,05) on triglycerides and creatinine with high average values in primiparous ones. Age significantly influenced (p<0,05) cholesterol, triglycerides, total protein, calcium and globulin. The results obtained from this study could serve as reference values for the local goats and other regions or countries with similar climatic and nutritional conditions.

Phocanema decipiens (Nematoda: Anisakinae): experimental infections in marine copepods

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 502-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary McClelland
Keyword(s):  
Gravid Female ◽  
Mature Female ◽  
Cyclopoid Copepod ◽  
Calanoid Copepods ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Marine Copepods

Gravid female Phocanema decipiens were recovered from the stomachs of freshly killed harbour (Phoca vitulina) and grey seals (Halichoerus grypus). Ova dissected from the nematodes were incubated in seawater and the mean time to hatch varied from 8 days at 20 °C to 52 days at 5 °C. Posthatch survival of ensheathed larvae in seawater varied from 48 h at 20 °C to 140 days at 5 °C. Fifteen species of copepods collected from the North West Arm, Halifax, N.S., were exposed to freshly hatched larvae of P. decipiens. Exsheathed larvae of the parasite were subsequently detected in the haemocoel of 12 harpacticoid species including Danielsennia typica, Tisbe furcata, Ameira longipes, Enhydrosoma curticauda, and various undescribed species of the genera Halectinosoma, Tisbe, Alteutha, and Phyllothallestris and the family Diosaccidae. Phocanema decipiens also occurred in a cyclopoid copepod (Paracyclopina sp.) but calanoid copepods (Eurytemora sp. and Pseudocalanus sp.) did not become infected. The heaviest infections occurred in mature female copepods and prevalence and intensity of infection varied with host species. Adult male copepods and fifth copepodite females were lightly infected. Infected copepods survived for 3–7 days at 15 °C, 10–15 days at 10 °C, and 20–35 days at 5 °C. During the course of infection, larval P. decipiens grew an average of 60% and maximum of 130% in length but underwent little or no morphological change.

scholarly journals The Mass Balance of the Devon Island Ice Cap, Northwest Territories, Canada, 1961-66

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (57) ◽  
pp. 325-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.M. Koerner
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Equilibrium Line ◽  
Accumulation Pattern ◽  
North West ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Devon Island ◽  
Ice Cap ◽  
The North ◽  
West Part ◽  
The Mean

Methods used in measuring the mass balance of the Devon Island ice cap are described. The use of dyes and melt trays is recommended in the superimposed-ice and firn zones of sub-polar glaciers. The north-west part of the ice cap was studied in most detail and has had a slightly negative net balance for the period 1961-66. An inverse relationship between mean net balance(bn)and elevation of the equilibrium line in the north-west part of the ice cap indicates that the mean net balance there would be zero with an equilibrium line at 920 m (±80 m) elevation. Accumulation on the ice cap is greatest in the south-east but the measurements suggest that the mean net balance there is similar to the mean net balance on the rest of the ice cap. It is concluded that the present accumulation pattern must have existed for several hundreds, and possibly thousands of years. A study of firn stratigraphy and of variations in the elevation of the firn and equilibrium lines indicates that between 1961 and 1966 only 1962 had a more negative mean net balance than the average value for the period 1934-60. During the same 26 year period the net balance at 1 787 m elevation has varied, but summer conditions do not appear to have changed significantly.

The Tasmanian Trout Fishery. II. The Fishery of the North-West Region

1958 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
AG Nicholls
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Detailed Consideration ◽  
North West ◽  
Hatchery Fish ◽  
The North ◽  
West Region ◽  
Change In The Mean ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Trout Fishery ◽  
Annual Mortality

A brief account is given of the several rivers, and of the results derived from the study of the fishery in each. Anglers' returns of catches have been analysed with respect to the daily catch per angler for nine seasons, and the lengths of fish for five seasons, and the results are similar for each river. Detailed consideration of a summary of the data received from all sources in this region shows a definite downward trend in the daily catch which is statistically significant and more pronounced in the estuarine than in the inland fishery. There has been no change in the mean lengths of fish taken, and the size distribution of the catch has remained constant over five seasons. An 80 per cent. annual mortality rate has been found for fish from 1 to 6 years of age, after which it falls slightly. The total annual catch has risen with the increase in licensed anglers. Analysis of the diary of one angler over 27 years shows a decline in the catching rate, but the mean weight of fish has remained fairly constant. No direct consistent correlation was found between the estuarine trout fishery and the commercial whitebait fishery. It is concluded that the decline in catching rate is probably related to a change in the representation of anglers making returns during the nine seasons. A study of the contribution made by the release of hatchery fish shows a maximum possible return to anglers of 2 per cent., subject to a correction for the proportion of takable fish caught by anglers for which no data are available. Evidence is produced to show that the release of hatchery fish is unproductive and wasteful in a stream already stocked to capacity.

scholarly journals AMM15: a new high-resolution NEMO configuration for operational simulation of the European north-west shelf

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 681-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Graham ◽  
Enda O'Dea ◽  
Jason Holt ◽  
Jeff Polton ◽  
Helene T. Hewitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Horizontal Resolution ◽  
Bias Reduction ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Operational System ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
European North ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean State

Abstract. This paper describes the next-generation ocean forecast model for the European north-west shelf, which will become the basis of operational forecasts in 2018. This new system will provide a step change in resolution and therefore our ability to represent small-scale processes. The new model has a resolution of 1.5 km compared with a grid spacing of 7 km in the current operational system. AMM15 (Atlantic Margin Model, 1.5 km) is introduced as a new regional configuration of NEMO v3.6. Here we describe the technical details behind this configuration, with modifications appropriate for the new high-resolution domain. Results from a 30-year non-assimilative run using the AMM15 domain demonstrate the ability of this model to represent the mean state and variability of the region.Overall, there is an improvement in the representation of the mean state across the region, suggesting similar improvements may be seen in the future operational system. However, the reduction in seasonal bias is greater off-shelf than on-shelf. In the North Sea, biases are largely unchanged. Since there has been no change to the vertical resolution or parameterization schemes, performance improvements are not expected in regions where stratification is dominated by vertical processes rather than advection. This highlights the fact that increased horizontal resolution will not lead to domain-wide improvements. Further work is needed to target bias reduction across the north-west shelf region.

Estimation of the annual runoff frequency distribution under a non-stationarity condition within the Budyko framework

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanbo Yang ◽  
Ziwei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Regional Difference ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
Runoff Change ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Type Frequency ◽  
Stationarity Conditions

&lt;p&gt;In the past decades, climate change has been leading to non-stationarity in hydrological variables. Therefore, a simple framework within the Budyko framework is proposed to estimate the annual runoff frequency distribution and provide a new method for hydrological design under non-stationarity conditions. In this framework, the mean and standard deviation of annual runoff are derived by the Choudhury-Yang equation. Furthermore, the P-&amp;#1064; type frequency curve is selected to calculate the annual runoff on a design return period. Based on this framework, the change in water resources in 207 three-level basins across China during 2020-2050 are estimated according to the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project Phase 5. The results show that the mean annual runoff will decrease by 2.7% for all basins, and the regional difference will decline, i.e., the mean annual runoff will increase in the north of China and decrease in the south of China. However, the inter-annual variability of annual runoff will increase in more than 70% of basins. Additionally, in the wet year, approximately half of the total basins show decreased runoff change, and in the dry year, decreased change appears in ~65% basins. These findings offer a simple and effective way to re-examine the effects of non-stationarity in hydrological design.&lt;/p&gt;

Neogene Exhumation History along TRANSALP: Insights from Low Temperature Thermochronology and Thermo-Kinematic Models

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul R. Eizenhöfer ◽  
Christoph Glotzbach ◽  
Lukas Büttner ◽  
Jonas Kley ◽  
Todd A. Ehlers
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Kinematic Model ◽  
Eastern Alps ◽  
European Alps ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Tauern Window ◽  
The North ◽  
Late Neogene ◽  
Kinematic Models ◽  
Exhumation Rates

&lt;p&gt;Many convergent orogens such as the eastern European Alps display an asymmetric doubly-vergent wedge geometry. Loci of deepest exhumation are located above the overriding retro-wedge, whereas increased fault activity occurs in the pro-wedge on the subducting plate. The main drainage divide separates steeper from more gently sloping topography on the two wedges of different critical taper. We performed apatite and zircon (U-Th)/He analyses densely spaced along the TRANSALP geophysical transect in combination with thermo-kinematic models based on cross-section balancing. Our new low temperature thermochronology data and thermo-kinematic model results underline (i) deepest levels of exhumation across the Tauern Window until the Pliocene and (ii) higher Late Neogene exhumation rates south of the Periadriatic Fault relative to the north, while seismic activity is focussed across the Southern Alps. Our proposed mantle-to-surface link positions the retro-wedge north of the Periadriatic Fault subsequent to subduction polarity reversal during continental collision. Present-day drainage divide migration trends and imaged locations of mantle-lithospheric slabs beneath TRANSALP suggest ongoing, slow slab reversal since Adriatic indentation in the Eastern Alps.&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals AMM15: A new high resolution NEMO configuration for operational simulation of the European North West Shelf

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Graham ◽  
Enda O’Dea ◽  
Jason Holt ◽  
Jeff Polton ◽  
Helene T. Hewitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Horizontal Resolution ◽  
Bias Reduction ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Operational System ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
European North ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean State

Abstract. This paper describes the next generation ocean forecast model for the European North West Shelf, which will become the basis of operational forecasts in 2018. This new system will provide a step change in resolution, and therefore our ability to represent small scale processes. The new model has a resolution of 1.5 km, compared with a grid spacing of 7 km in the current operational system. AMM15 (Atlantic Margin Model, 1.5 km) is introduced as a new regional configuration of NEMO v3.6. Here we describe the technical details behind this configuration, with modifications appropriate for the new high resolution domain. Results from a 30 year non-assimilative run, using the AMM15 domain, demonstrate the ability of this model to represent the mean state and variability of the region. Overall, there is an improvement in the representation of the mean state across the region, suggesting similar improvements may be seen in the future operational system. However, the reduction in seasonal bias is greater off-shelf than on-shelf. In the North Sea, biases are largely unchanged. Since there has been no change to the vertical resolution or parameterisation schemes, performance improvements are not expected in regions where stratification is dominated by vertical processes, rather than advection. This highlights the fact that increased horizontal resolution will not lead to domain-wide improvements. Further work is needed to target bias reduction across the North West Shelf region.

scholarly journals Considérations physiques sur le passage Nord-ouest; by the same. Communicated by the Right Hon. the Earl of Minto, G. C. B. F. R. S

1837 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 484-484
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Coppermine River ◽  
The Right ◽  
North Latitude

The author of this memoir, considering that the practicability of a North-west Arctic passage must depend on the mean summer atmospheric temperature of the most northern point of the continent of America being above that at which the congelation of sea water takes place, applies himself to the determination of these temperatures. The results of his calculations are given in a table, exhibiting the extreme and the mean temperatures of the atmosphere for each of the summer months, from May to September, at all degrees of latitude, from 60° to 80° inclusive. According to this table, the temperature of zero, which is about the freezing point of sea water, prevails, at 60° of latitude, on the 10th of May; at 61° lat. on the 20th of May; at 63°, on the 1 st of June; at 65°, on the 10th of June; at 67°, on the 20th of June; and at 71°, during the whole of the months of July and August. The author concludes that navigators can reach, without danger of being obstructed by ice, the latitude of 71° during these latter months: and that since the American continent does not probably extend beyond 70° north latitude a passage to the North-west is then open. He recommends, however, that instead of attempting it by the dangerous navigation of the polar sea, a coasting voyage between the continent and the numerous islands which exist in that ocean should be undertaken; or, what he thinks still more promising of success, an expedition by land for exploring the country intervening between the Coppermine River and Hudson’s Bay.

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