scholarly journals Biochemical parameters variations with season, age, sex, parity and pregnancy in crossbred goats raised in Tiaret, Algeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-79
Author(s):  
Berrani Abdelkader ◽  
Meliani Samia ◽  
Bourabah Akila
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Nutritional Conditions ◽  
Physiological Stage ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the influence of season, age, sex, parity and gestation status on some biochemical parameters in local cross-bred goats raised in Tiaret, Algeria. Ninety cross bred local goats, from 2019 to 2020, aged between nine and seventy-two months at different physiological stage were used. Animals belong to different farms in Tiaret located at the north-west Algeria (35°22’ N, 1°19’ E). The mean values of triglycerides, creatinine and calcium were significantly (p<0,05) higher in winter than in spring. The physiological state of the goat had a significant influence (p<0,05) on cholesterol, urea, total proteins, calcium and phosphorus, with a high average values in non-pregnant goats, while triglycerides and globulin had significant higher values in postpartum and pregnant femals, respectively. In our work, parity had a significant influence (p<0,05) on cholesterol, calcium and phosphorus, with high average values in young goats and a significant influence (p<0,05) on triglycerides and creatinine with high average values in primiparous ones. Age significantly influenced (p<0,05) cholesterol, triglycerides, total protein, calcium and globulin. The results obtained from this study could serve as reference values for the local goats and other regions or countries with similar climatic and nutritional conditions.

scholarly journals Diversity and seasonal occurrence of Eimeria species in a mixed flock of communally reared sheep and goats in Mafikeng in the North West Province, South Africa

2010 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
F.R. Bakunzi ◽  
S.N. Thwane ◽  
L.E. Motsei ◽  
B.M. Dzoma
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Eimeria Species ◽  
Seasonal Occurrence ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
North West Province ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mixed Flock

Diversity and seasonal occurrence of coccidia in a communally reared mixed flock of sheep and goats at Mafikeng, North West Province, South Africa, was determined between March 2008 and February 2009. Faecal specimens were collected directly from the rectum of the animals and the number of oocysts per gram of faeces (opg) determined. The mean monthly opg for goats was significantly higher than that for sheep. Higher oocyst counts were observed during the hot, rainy season than during the cold, dry season. The highest mean values for both the sheep (862.5 opg) and goats (1200 opg) were recorded during March. Six species (Eimeria crandallis, E. bakuensis, E. weybridgensis, E. ahsata, E. intricata, and E. ovinoidalis) were recovered from sheep, with E. crandallis and E. bakuensis occurring most frequently. The last 2 species, together with E. ahsata, are considered among the most pathogenic species in sheep. In goats, 7 species (E. arloingi, E. jolchijevi, E. caprina, E. alijevi, E. caprovina, E. christenseni and E. hirci) were recovered, with E. arloingi and E. jolchijevi occurring most frequently. Up to 5 Eimeria species were recovered from individual specimens in goats while up to 4 were recovered in sheep. No cross-infections between goats and sheep were recorded and no clinical coccidiosis was noted during the study. It is increasingly becoming evident that the pathogenic E. arloingi is one of the most commonly occurring Eimeria species in goats in South Africa.

scholarly journals On tho proportions of the prevailing winds, the mean temperature, and depth of rain in the climate of London, computed through a cycle of Eighteen Years, or periods of the Moon’s declination

1843 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 300-300
Keyword(s):  
The Moon ◽  
Fair Weather ◽  
North West ◽  
West Wind ◽  
North East ◽  
East Wind ◽  
The North ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Solar Influence

In this paper the author investigates the periodical variations of the winds, rain and temperature, corresponding to the conditions of the moon’s declination, in a manner similar to that he has already followed in the case of the barometrical variations, on a period of years extending from 1815 to 1832 inclusive. In each case he gives tables of the average quantities for each week, at the middle of which the moon is in the equator, or else has either attained its maximum north or south declination. He thus finds that a north-east wind is most promoted by the constant solar influence which causes it, when the moon is about the equator, going from north to south; that a south-east wind, in like manner, prevails most when the moon is proceeding to acquire a southern declination ; that winds from the south and west blow more when the moon is in her mean degrees of declination, going either way, than with a full north or south declination ; and that a north-west wind, the common summer and fair weather wind of the climate, affects, in like manner, the mean declination, in either direction, in preference to the north or south, and most when the moon is coming north. He finds the average annual depth of rain, falling in the neighbourhood of London, is 25’17 inches.

scholarly journals Mode of inheritance and heritability of disc flower corolla length and nectar content in sunflower

Genetika ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovanka Atlagic ◽  
Jovan Joksimovic ◽  
Zvonimir Sakac ◽  
Vladimir Miklic ◽  
Nenad Dusanic
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Corolla Length ◽  
Disc Flower ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
Nectar Content ◽  
Mode Of Inheritance

Since disc flower corolla length and nectar content are the two most important parameters of attractiveness to pollinators in sunflower and we monitored them in the parental lines F[ hybrids, we thought it would be interesting to determine the mode of inheritance and heritability of these two traits. The mean values of disc flower corolla length ranged between 7.23-10.22 mm. Differences among most of the genotypes were significant Year had significant influence on the expression of this trait. In the inheritance of the corolla length, partial dominance of the parent with the smaller corolla length (NS-H-702) was observed when determining mode of inheritance relative to the parents. Relative to the parental average however it was not possible to determine the mode of inheritance in any of tile hybrid combinations. The nectar content means ranged from 2.08 to 15.54 mg/20 flowers and differences among most of the genotypes were significant. Partial dominance of the parent with the smaller nectar content mean was recorded in the inheritance of this trait (NS-H-702): Negative heterosis was found in the hybrid NS-H-45.

Zinc Content of Cereals and Pulses in Delhi

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
Shipra Gupta ◽  
Kirti Arora ◽  
Geeta Trilok-Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Cereal Products ◽  
The North ◽  
Bengal Gram ◽  
Food Composition Tables ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Indian Food

Severe zinc deficiency is rare in India but mild to moderate deficiency could be widespread. There is little data on zinc intakes based on nutritional assessment methods, mainly because the Indian Food Composition Tables that were available until recently gave incomplete zinc content values in foods. A pilot study was, therefore, undertaken to assess the zinc content of cereals and pulses consumed in Delhi and to compare the values with those given in the latest Indian Food Composition Tables. Four hundred and twenty six samples of twenty three varieties of cereals / cereal products and fifteen varieties of pulses, collected from wholesale suppliers in the north, south, east and west zones of Delhi, were analyzed for zinc using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The concentration of zinc in a given cereal or pulse varied widely between the different zones. Cereals like pearl millet, Italian millet, dry maize, whole wheat and its flour and pulses like roasted Bengal gram and dry peas, Bengal gram dhal and lentil dhal were identified as rich sources of zinc. The mean zinc content in most of the foods analysed in the laboratory showed significant differences when compared with the mean values for cereals and pulses reported in the Indian Food Composition Tables given by the National Institute of Nutrition - Indian Council of Medical Research in 2017. A region specific food composition database is urgently needed as there seem to be huge differences in the zinc values of cereals and pulses consumed in Delhi as compared to the average values representative of all states given in the latest food composition database.

Phocanema decipiens (Nematoda: Anisakinae): experimental infections in marine copepods

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 502-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary McClelland
Keyword(s):  
Gravid Female ◽  
Mature Female ◽  
Cyclopoid Copepod ◽  
Calanoid Copepods ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Marine Copepods

Gravid female Phocanema decipiens were recovered from the stomachs of freshly killed harbour (Phoca vitulina) and grey seals (Halichoerus grypus). Ova dissected from the nematodes were incubated in seawater and the mean time to hatch varied from 8 days at 20 °C to 52 days at 5 °C. Posthatch survival of ensheathed larvae in seawater varied from 48 h at 20 °C to 140 days at 5 °C. Fifteen species of copepods collected from the North West Arm, Halifax, N.S., were exposed to freshly hatched larvae of P. decipiens. Exsheathed larvae of the parasite were subsequently detected in the haemocoel of 12 harpacticoid species including Danielsennia typica, Tisbe furcata, Ameira longipes, Enhydrosoma curticauda, and various undescribed species of the genera Halectinosoma, Tisbe, Alteutha, and Phyllothallestris and the family Diosaccidae. Phocanema decipiens also occurred in a cyclopoid copepod (Paracyclopina sp.) but calanoid copepods (Eurytemora sp. and Pseudocalanus sp.) did not become infected. The heaviest infections occurred in mature female copepods and prevalence and intensity of infection varied with host species. Adult male copepods and fifth copepodite females were lightly infected. Infected copepods survived for 3–7 days at 15 °C, 10–15 days at 10 °C, and 20–35 days at 5 °C. During the course of infection, larval P. decipiens grew an average of 60% and maximum of 130% in length but underwent little or no morphological change.

Response of phalaris to differing water regimes or grazing treatments as measured by basal bud weight, water-soluble carbohydrates, and plant tillers

2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 879 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Lodge
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
North West ◽  
Management Intervention ◽  
The North

Studies of Phalaris aquatica L. were used to collect data for basal bud (all below ground shoot material) weights, their water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) content, and green vegetative tillers. A glasshouse study of cvv. Australian and Sirosa was conducted on regrowth after 26 days of plants previously exposed to either non-limiting or limiting (simulated Mediterranean environment, and 3- or 6-week drought) watering treatments. The other studies were of Sirosa phalaris pastures that had previously been subjected to continuous or lenient (resting in both spring and autumn each year) grazing by Merino wethers. In the glasshouse study, weight of basal buds (g/plant) was highest (13.88 g/plant) for Australian plants in the non-limiting water treatment, but not significantly different among watering treatments for Sirosa plants. Basal bud WSC values ranged from 2126 mg/plant (Australian phalaris, non-limiting water) to <200 mg/plant in 6-week drought and Mediterranean watering treatments of both cultivars. Tiller regrowth was higher in Australian non-limiting water treatment compared with all other treatments. Post-drought field studies (6 weeks tiller regrowth in May–June 1995) showed that plants in continuously grazed treatments had basal bud weights <11 g/plant, basal bud WSC contents <600 mg/plant, and green vegetative tiller weights <2.5 g/plant, compared with values of >11 g/plant, >1300 mg/plant, and >3.6 g/plant, respectively, for treatments rested for 12 weeks in both autumn and spring. At the end of spring 1995, when plants were post stem elongation and anthesis, basal bud WSC (mg/plant) was significantly higher in autumn–spring rest treatments compared with plants that were continuously grazed (mean values for 2 sites of 2889 and 1458 mg/plant, respectively). From these data, threshold values of basal bud WSC contents of <600 mg/plant after 6 weeks of regrowth in autumn–early winter, or <2000 mg/plant in flowering plants in late spring in continuously grazed pastures >3 years old, were proposed as useful indicators that management intervention may be required to maintain Sirosa phalaris persistence on the North-West Slopes of New South Wales.

scholarly journals Changes in Biochemical Parameters in Human immunodeficiency virus Infected Patients: A Pre-Treatment Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
D O Ochalefu ◽  
H A Abu ◽  
E OO Amali ◽  
A S Agada ◽  
I E Alonyenu
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Conjugated Bilirubin

In recent times there have been advances in the management of Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection. However, the disease still poses threat to biochemical parameters of the body. This study was carried out to investigate the biochemical parameters in Human Immunodeficiency Virus infected patients who were yet to start anti-Retroviral drugs regimen. This study was carried out for a period of six weeks using structural questionnaires.  A total of one hundred participants were used for the study out of which fifty were Human Immunodeficiency Virus infected while the remaining fifty were Human Immunodeficiency Virus negative, who served as control. There were significant differences (p<0.05) in the values of Total Protein, Albumin, Alkaline Phosphatase, Aspartate aminotransferase, Alanine aminotransferase, Total Cholesterol, High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, Triacylglycerol, Calcium and Sodium of Human Immunodeficiency Virus positive patients when compared with the control. However, there were no significant differences (p>0.05) between the mean values of the conjugated Bilirubin, Urea, Creatinine, Potassium, Bicarbonate and Chloride of the infected patients when compared with those of the control. The findings in this study showed significant changes in biochemical parameters in Human Immunodeficiency Virus infected subjects.

scholarly journals The Mass Balance of the Devon Island Ice Cap, Northwest Territories, Canada, 1961-66

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (57) ◽  
pp. 325-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.M. Koerner
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Equilibrium Line ◽  
Accumulation Pattern ◽  
North West ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Devon Island ◽  
Ice Cap ◽  
The North ◽  
West Part ◽  
The Mean

Methods used in measuring the mass balance of the Devon Island ice cap are described. The use of dyes and melt trays is recommended in the superimposed-ice and firn zones of sub-polar glaciers. The north-west part of the ice cap was studied in most detail and has had a slightly negative net balance for the period 1961-66. An inverse relationship between mean net balance(bn)and elevation of the equilibrium line in the north-west part of the ice cap indicates that the mean net balance there would be zero with an equilibrium line at 920 m (±80 m) elevation. Accumulation on the ice cap is greatest in the south-east but the measurements suggest that the mean net balance there is similar to the mean net balance on the rest of the ice cap. It is concluded that the present accumulation pattern must have existed for several hundreds, and possibly thousands of years. A study of firn stratigraphy and of variations in the elevation of the firn and equilibrium lines indicates that between 1961 and 1966 only 1962 had a more negative mean net balance than the average value for the period 1934-60. During the same 26 year period the net balance at 1 787 m elevation has varied, but summer conditions do not appear to have changed significantly.

The Tasmanian Trout Fishery. II. The Fishery of the North-West Region

1958 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
AG Nicholls
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Detailed Consideration ◽  
North West ◽  
Hatchery Fish ◽  
The North ◽  
West Region ◽  
Change In The Mean ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Trout Fishery ◽  
Annual Mortality

A brief account is given of the several rivers, and of the results derived from the study of the fishery in each. Anglers' returns of catches have been analysed with respect to the daily catch per angler for nine seasons, and the lengths of fish for five seasons, and the results are similar for each river. Detailed consideration of a summary of the data received from all sources in this region shows a definite downward trend in the daily catch which is statistically significant and more pronounced in the estuarine than in the inland fishery. There has been no change in the mean lengths of fish taken, and the size distribution of the catch has remained constant over five seasons. An 80 per cent. annual mortality rate has been found for fish from 1 to 6 years of age, after which it falls slightly. The total annual catch has risen with the increase in licensed anglers. Analysis of the diary of one angler over 27 years shows a decline in the catching rate, but the mean weight of fish has remained fairly constant. No direct consistent correlation was found between the estuarine trout fishery and the commercial whitebait fishery. It is concluded that the decline in catching rate is probably related to a change in the representation of anglers making returns during the nine seasons. A study of the contribution made by the release of hatchery fish shows a maximum possible return to anglers of 2 per cent., subject to a correction for the proportion of takable fish caught by anglers for which no data are available. Evidence is produced to show that the release of hatchery fish is unproductive and wasteful in a stream already stocked to capacity.

scholarly journals AMM15: a new high-resolution NEMO configuration for operational simulation of the European north-west shelf

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 681-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Graham ◽  
Enda O'Dea ◽  
Jason Holt ◽  
Jeff Polton ◽  
Helene T. Hewitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Horizontal Resolution ◽  
Bias Reduction ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Operational System ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
European North ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean State

Abstract. This paper describes the next-generation ocean forecast model for the European north-west shelf, which will become the basis of operational forecasts in 2018. This new system will provide a step change in resolution and therefore our ability to represent small-scale processes. The new model has a resolution of 1.5 km compared with a grid spacing of 7 km in the current operational system. AMM15 (Atlantic Margin Model, 1.5 km) is introduced as a new regional configuration of NEMO v3.6. Here we describe the technical details behind this configuration, with modifications appropriate for the new high-resolution domain. Results from a 30-year non-assimilative run using the AMM15 domain demonstrate the ability of this model to represent the mean state and variability of the region.Overall, there is an improvement in the representation of the mean state across the region, suggesting similar improvements may be seen in the future operational system. However, the reduction in seasonal bias is greater off-shelf than on-shelf. In the North Sea, biases are largely unchanged. Since there has been no change to the vertical resolution or parameterization schemes, performance improvements are not expected in regions where stratification is dominated by vertical processes rather than advection. This highlights the fact that increased horizontal resolution will not lead to domain-wide improvements. Further work is needed to target bias reduction across the north-west shelf region.

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