China Import and Export Emergy Analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 1652-1656
Author(s):  
Xiao Shan Fan
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Resource Depletion ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Emergy Analysis ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Energy Materials ◽  
Import And Export ◽  
Resource Markets ◽  
China’S Economy

Import and export from China’s environmental and economic systems are analyzed to study current resources utilization by emergy anaysis. Domistic resource, purchased energy, materials input and outputs in environment and human society were identified. The emergy contrastive analysis between import and export from 1985 to 2005 reveals that the majority of resource depletion has been brought about by China’s internal booming development, China’s economy has benefited from recent international trade, and China makes great contributions to the world economy. However, increasing resource depletion impels China into exploiting indigenous resources and depending increasingly on international resource markets. The amount of waste generated as the main byproduct of resource depletion grows continuously every year, so domestic increasingly rigorous ecological and environmental problems is unavoidable.

scholarly journals Logística e comércio internacional da fruticultura no estado de Minas Gerais - Brasil

2019 ◽  
pp. 28-53
Author(s):  
Igor Martins Oliveira ◽  
Luiz Andrei Gonçalves Pereira
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
World Economy ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
The Road ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The World ◽  
Import And Export ◽  
Transport Logistics

Na era globalização, a economia mundial tem vivenciado um processo de reestruturação produtiva, intensificando os fluxos nos territórios inerentes às interações espaciais de recursos, de bens e de serviços que circulam entre os mercados nacionais e internacionais. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar as dinâmicas socioespaciais dos fluxos de comércio internacional do estado de Minas Gerais por meio da logística das redes de importações e de exportações de frutas, no período de 2000 a 2017. Como resultado, identificou-se que, no mercado externo de frutas, Minas Gerais se relaciona comercialmente com 88 países, sendo 52 nas redes de exportação e 36 na rede de importação. Na operacionalização dos fluxos no comércio global, a logística de transportes foi realizada através dos modais rodoviário, marítimo e aéreo, configurando-se como um elemento geográfico, visto que as transações comerciais demandam o gerenciamento da fluidez, do planejamento e da organização dos diferentes territórios.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Logística, Comércio Internacional, Fruticultura. ABSTRACTIn the era of globalization, the world economy has undergone a process of productive restructuring, intensifying flows in the territories inherent to the spatial interactions of resources, goods and services that circulate between national and international markets. The objective of this work is to analyze the sociospatial dynamics of the international trade flows of the state of Minas Gerais through the logistics of import and export fruit networks, from 2000 to 2017. As a result, it was identified that in the market Minas Gerais has a commercial relationship with 88 countries, 52 in export networks and 36 in the import network. In the operationalization of flows in global trade, transport logistics was carried out through the road, sea and air modalities, being configured as a geographic element, since commercial transactions demand the management of the fluidity, planning and organization of the different territories.KEYWORDS: Logistic, International Trade, Fruticulture.

scholarly journals Demystifying Low-Carbon Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oisik Das ◽  
Ágoston Restás ◽  
Vigneshwaran Shanmugam ◽  
Gabriel Sas ◽  
Michael Försth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Resource Depletion ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Healthy Living ◽  
Discussion Article

AbstractLow-carbon materials (the ‘carbon’ is related to carbon dioxide emission potential and not elemental carbon) need to be developed and embraced ubiquitously for the sustainable development of human society and mitigate climate change. In the absence of clear consensus in the literature coupled with the presence of certain miss-information, this ‘discussion’ article seeks to define low-carbon materials as the materials that foster a healthy living environment and a circular economy via the elimination or reduction of associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and resource depletion and wastage. Furthermore, the multidimensional facets of low-carbon products and services are described to promote widespread utilisation of low-carbon materials so as to transition to desired low-carbon or decarbonised economies. Several specific strategies for realising the aforementioned are illustrated, which include radical green chemistry and materials approach, efficient materials extraction and processing, utilising renewable feedstocks and energies, efficient product manufacturing, enhanced recycling rates, designing out wastes, circular flow of materials, and innovative business models. The information provided in this ‘discussion’ article strives to outline a variety of aspects and tools available and necessary to accelerate the growth of low-carbon materials and progress towards a sustainable future. Graphical abstract The integration of low-carbon materials, products and services with natural resource preservation, prosperity and a healthy living environment

Transformation of global economic systems as a conseguence of the pandemic COVID-19

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-14
Author(s):  
Nikolay Vladimirovich Novichkov ◽  
Ekaterina Andreevna Savchenko ◽  
Alexandra Vladimirovna Novichkova
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Research Subject ◽  
Food Markets ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Systems Research ◽  
Very High

The article reveals the features of the transformation of global economic systems caused by the coronavirus pandemic. The nature, namely, transformational changes, the basic characteristic of which is the acquisition of new properties and manifestations, has been substantiated. Separately, attention is focused on the fact that transformational changes will be of a long-term nature, which will be observed even after overcoming the coronavirus pandemic. The relevance of this direction seems to be very high, since changes in the global economic world will be extremely signifi cant. The article also identifi es some areas of transformational changes (regionalism, new content of economic systems, their restructuring, the emergence of online solutions, etc.). Separately, the work analyzes the consequences of transformation in a number of signifi cant global economic systems: global fi nance, tourism, transport, entertainment industry, food markets, migration fl ows, etc. In addition, the need to search for new content in the functioning and development of international economic associations is indicated. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the directions and consequences of the transformation of global economic systems. The research tasks are reduced to substantiating the content of global economic systems; identifying areas of general transformational changes in the world economy; the designation of the directions and consequences of the transformation of certain global industries, markets, economic processes. Research subject: global economic relations. Research object: global economic systems. Research methods: systems approach, statistical method, modeling method. Research results. The main types of global economic systems are formulated; the directions of transformation of global economic systems are revealed; the global economic systems in which the transformational changes have occurred most clearly and signifi cantly; formulated possible contours of the functioning and development of global economic systems after the end of the coronavirus epidemic; directions that require special attention in the development of the global economy are proposed.

Economics as Theory and Ideology

1954 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-305
Author(s):  
H. van B. Cleveland
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
Western World ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Economic Liberalism ◽  
Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries ◽  
Classical Economic

There is not a great deal to be said about economics which is truly universal. One can say that economics is the study of economic systems. Economic systems can be defined as systems of human actions concerned with the production and the distribution of goods and services which are scarce relative to the wants of the community. But statements of this kind, which attempt to define the economic aspect of human society in universally valid terms, are far too general to serve as premises from which an economic theory, useful for understanding actual economic problems, can be logically deduced. To have theory, one must start with premises and assumptions about some particular economic system, historically given, or some particular kind of economic system. The great bodies of economic thought of the Western world—mercantilism, classical and neo-classical economic liberalism, and the various schools of Marxist economic—have been theories relevant to particular economic systems: those, let us say, of the Western world in the seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth centuries.

scholarly journals Climate Change – Probable Socio-Economic Systems (SES) Implications And Impacts In The Anthropocene Epoch

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-317
Author(s):  
Eric Gilder ◽  
Dilip K. Pal
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Northwestern Part ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Systems Model

Abstract It is vital for security experts to learn from the historical records of global climate change as to how the human society has been impacted by its consequences in the “new” Anthropocene Epoch. Some of these consequences of global climate change include the perishing of several human settlements in different parts of the globe at different times, e.g., in 1700 B.C., prolonged drought contributed to the demise of Harappan civilization in northwest India. In 1200 B.C., under a similar climatic extremity, the Mycenaean civilization in present-day Greece (as well as the Mill Creek culture of the northwestern part of the present-day US state of Iowa) perished. Why did some societies under such climatic events perish while others survived? Lack of preparedness of one society and its failure to anticipate and adapt to the extreme climatic events might have attributed to their extinction. The authors will also analyze the extinction of one European Norse society in Greenland during the Little Ice Age (about 600 years ago), as compared to the still-surviving Inuit society in the northern segment of Greenland, which faced even harsher climatic conditions during the Little Ice Age than the extinct Norsemen. This is how the adaptability and “expectation of the worst” matter for the survival of a particular community against climatic “black swan” events (Taleb, 2007). Similar impacts in terms of sea-level rise expected by the year 2100 whereby major human populations of many parts of the world are expected to lose their environmental evolutionary “niche” will be discussed. Rising temperature will not only complicate human health issues, but also will it take its toll on the staple food producing agricultural belts in some latitudinal expanse. It will also worsen the living condition of the populace living in areas where climate is marginal. Through the Socio-Economic Systems Model provided by Vadineanu (2001), the authors will next consider the effect of extant policy-making “prisms” responding to climate change (such as the “Club of Rome” versus the “Club for Growth” visions) as concerns the ongoing process of globalization and survival of the nation-state.

scholarly journals The Impact of Globalization on Economic Growth

Economics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (10-12) ◽  
pp. 99-109
Author(s):  
Mariam Dzebisashvili Mariam Dzebisashvili
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
National Economy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
English Word ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Trade Integration ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

Twentieth century for the world economy is associated with a range of processes that involve a broader scope. The important issue in the order is at stake and at the same time the internationalization stage - Globalization. It discusses the developmental processes of the world in the socio-economic context. We are globalized as an accelerating factor. In addition to the destruction, it also contributes to modernization. The English word "globe" means Globe, while "global" - the world. Globalization -the modern English word is to make changes in the world economy and society. More precisely, the globalization of the economy is one of the components of globalization that includes several aspects: • Liberalization of Economics; • Development of trade; • Integration of countries in the modern world community; • To increase the service market; • Make investments. Globalization is a major influence on the economy of all countries. It deals with the process of creation of goods and services, the use of force, investing in "physical" capital, technologies and their spread to other countries. In the end, everything is expressed in the production and labor efficiency. The article-"The Impact of Globalization on Economic Growth" deals with the modern actual issues of globalization and its impact on the national economy. According to the author’s explanation, the globalization is the process of formation the world as an economic, technological, political and cultural entity through conditions of maintaining the statehood and national identity of the concrete countries. Globalization has the objective as well as the subjective features. That’s why the globalization includes unprecedented possibilities for development of human society as so as it threats of its existence. The positive results have been achieved only when any exposures of abuse are excluded and all decisions are received as a result of common consensus. The other trends of globalization might be ended with disaster. Globalization influences all sectors of national economy, including unemployment. In the article into detailed form are discussed the positive and negative sides of influence that globalization has on the national state and economy. In Summary, it seems that globalization involves both the development of human society and its unseen possibilities of the threat of existence. Thus, it becomes necessary in the process of globalization proper management, or implementation of fair globalization. The greatest contribution to this belongs to the leader (big) states. It is on their decisions that globalization does not depend on fate. Key words: Globalization; national economy; unemployment; international labor market.

Inflasi Berdasarkan Pandangan M. Umer Chapra

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ridha
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Moral Improvement ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Socialist Economic ◽  
Islamic Financial Institutions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Collection Methods

According to Islamic economists, inflation has very bad effect on the economy because it disruptions of money function, weakens of saving’s spirit, decreases the production of goods, and weakens of purchasing power. Inflation also attracted the attention of M. Umer Chapra as a Muslim economist. This study to analyze M. Umer Chapra's opinion on inflation. This research with qualitative approach of historical research, which examines history of the character which includes ideas, thoughts, and things that influence the formation of his thoughts. Data collection methods is using library research with the object about Chapra’s thoughts relating to inflation, traced through his works. Chapra thought is a blend of traditional science, religion and modern economics. The results concluded that his thinking was dominated by macroeconomics because he was involved in the world economy, monetary policy, Islamic financial institutions which were more emphasized by the central bank, policies and inflation problems. Chapra's view of efforts to suppress inflation is the need for price stability and strategy. The disadvantage is that in a tolerant attitude towards western financial instruments, it must emphasize moral improvement for the course of fair economy as the solution to the failure of the capitalist and socialist economic systems.

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