Research on Grouting Experiment in Aeolian Sand Tunnel

2011 ◽  
Vol 382 ◽  
pp. 316-320
Author(s):  
Yu Liang Qiu ◽  
Wan Kun Zheng ◽  
Bao Tong Shi ◽  
Rui Huang
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Single Particle ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Aeolian Sand ◽  
Jet Grouting ◽  
Grouting Materials ◽  
Penetration Grouting ◽  
Selection Of

Portland cement, superfine cement and modified sodium silicate have been taken as grouting materials in the aeolian sand tunnel which is characterized by single particle, bad gradation and loose structure. In this paper, penetration grouting and rotary jet grouting have been adopted in site grouting experiment, whose effects are tested by excavation sampling test and field excavation detection. The grouting feature of aeolian sand formation has been revealed. In the meantime, the applicability of different kinds of grouting materials in aeolian sand tunnel have been clarified which provides useful significance and reference value on the selection of grouting parameter and construction in aeolian sand tunnel.

scholarly journals Research on Key Technologies of Construction Of Tunnel in Aeolian Stratum: A Case Study of Shenmu No. 1 Tunnel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei YE ◽  
Xing Liang ◽  
Xiaoming Liang
Keyword(s):  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Cement Grout ◽  
Aeolian Sand ◽  
Engineering Characteristics ◽  
Jet Grouting ◽  
Road Tunnels ◽  
Construction Experience ◽  
Northern Shaanxi ◽  
Grouting Materials

Abstract The naturally formed aeolian sand dunes in northern Shaanxi have unique engineering characteristics. Several difficulties restrict the construction of road tunnels under this stratum, such as the poor self-stabilization ability of the surrounding rock, difficultly in injecting grout, and insufficient construction experience. Therefore, in this study, a case study of the Shenmu No. 1 tunnel was conducted to investigate the engineering characteristics of aeolian sand tunnels, compare the grouting effects of commonly used grouting materials, and discuss the reinforcement effects of different construction schemes in aeolian sand tunnels. Based on a field grouting test, it was found that it is difficult to inject ordinary cement grout into an aeolian sand layer; superfine cement grout and modified sodium silicate grout can be injected, but the former has a poor reinforcement effect. Through numerical analysis, it is found that an approach based on a concept of “horizontal jet grouting pile + benching partial excavation method with a temporary invert” is suitable for the construction of tunnels in aeolian sand in China.

scholarly journals Grouting technology and construction schemes of a tunnel in aeolian stratum: a case study of Shenmu No. 1 tunnel

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Ye ◽  
Xing Liang ◽  
Xiaoming Liang ◽  
Wenjun Zhang ◽  
Chang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Cement Grout ◽  
Aeolian Sand ◽  
Engineering Characteristics ◽  
Jet Grouting ◽  
Road Tunnels ◽  
Construction Experience ◽  
Northern Shaanxi ◽  
Grouting Materials

AbstractThe naturally formed aeolian sand dunes in northern Shaanxi exhibit unique engineering characteristics. Several challenges, such as the poor self-stabilization ability of the surrounding rock, difficultly in injecting grout, and insufficient construction experience, restrict the construction of road tunnels under this stratum. Therefore, in this study, a case study of the Shenmu No. 1 tunnel was conducted to investigate the engineering characteristics of aeolian sand tunnels, compare the grouting effects of commonly used grouting materials, and discuss the reinforcement effects of different construction schemes in aeolian sand tunnels. Based on a field grouting test, it was determined that it is difficult to inject ordinary cement grout into an aeolian sand layer. Furthermore, it was determined that superfine cement grout and modified sodium silicate grout can be injected, but the former exhibits a poor reinforcement effect. Additionally, results of numerical analysis indicated that an approach based on a concept of “horizontal jet grouting pile + benching partial excavation method with a temporary invert” is suitable for the construction of tunnels in aeolian sand in China.

Study on the Chemical Modification Process of Jute Fiber

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-ming Wang ◽  
Zai-sheng Cai ◽  
Jian-yong Yu
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Jute Fiber ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Silicate Concentration ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Concentration ◽  
Liquor Ratio ◽  
Degumming Process ◽  
Selection Of

Degumming of pre-chlorite treated jute fiber was studied in this paper. The effects of sodium hydroxide concentration, treatment time, temperature, sodium silicate concentration, fiber-to-liquor ratio, penetrating agent TF-107B concentration, and degumming agent TF-125A concentration were the process conditions examined. With respect to gum decomposition, fineness and mechanical properties, sodium hydroxide concentration, sodium silicate concentration, and treatment time were found to be the most important parameters. An orthogonal L9(34) experiment designed to optimize the conditions for degumming resulted in the selection of the following procedure: sodium hydroxide of 12g/L, sodium silicate of 3g/L, TF-107B of 2g/L, TF-125A of 2g/L, treatment time of 105 min, temperature of 100°C and fiber to liquor ratio of 1:20. The effect of the above degumming process on the removal of impurities was also examined and the results showed that degumming was an effective method for removing impurities, especially hemicellulose.

Effect of AlF3 production waste on the processes of hydration and hardening of the alkali-activated Portland cement with sodium silicate hydrate

2019 ◽  
Vol 138 (2) ◽  
pp. 879-887
Author(s):  
Pavel Krivenko ◽  
Danutė Vaičiukynienė ◽  
Aras Kantautas ◽  
Vitoldas Vaitkevičius ◽  
Evaldas Šerelis
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Production Waste ◽  
Alkali Activated

scholarly journals Characteristics of Hollow Compressed Earth Block Stabilized Using Cement, Lime, and Sodium Silicate

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Walid Edris ◽  
Faris Matalkah ◽  
Bara’ah Rbabah ◽  
Ahmad Abu Sbaih ◽  
Reham Hailat
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Compressed Earth Block ◽  
Earth Block ◽  
Lower Production ◽  
Northern Jordan

Abstract This research aims to produce a Compressed Earth Block (CEB) product using locally available soil collected from northern Jordan. The CEB mixture was further stabilized using Portland cement, lime, and sodium silicate. The research significance is based upon the urgent need of most developing countries (e.g. Jordan, Egypt…etc) to build more durable and low-cost houses by using locally available materials. As a result, CEB was identified as a cheap and environmentally friendly construction material. CEB specimens were thoroughly characterized by studying the mechanical properties and durability characteristics. Blocks of 30 x 15 x 8 cm with two holes of 7.5 cm in diameter have a potential for higher enduring, higher compressive strength, better thermal insulation, and lower production cost. Blocks were manufactured with an addition of 8 % for either Portland cement or lime, as well as 2 % of sodium silicate to the soil. The results showed that the addition of 8 % of cement to the CEB achieves satisfactory results in both mechanical and durability properties. Also, the addition of sodium silicate was found to enhance the early-age compressive strength however it affected negatively the durable properties of blocks by increasing the erosion rate and deterioration when exposed to water.

Study on Microfine Cement Grouting Material for Silty Fine Sand Stratum

2013 ◽  
Vol 838-841 ◽  
pp. 1457-1462
Author(s):  
Chun Lei Xia ◽  
Ying Ye ◽  
Guan Ming Wang ◽  
Li Cui
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Cement Grouting ◽  
Grouting Material ◽  
Soluble Glass ◽  
Microfine Cement ◽  
Sand Flow ◽  
Sand Stratum ◽  
Grouting Materials

Silty fine sand is the second smallest sand with a particle diameter ranging from 0.0625 to 0.120 mm.This kind of sand exists in a large amount in Beijing subway excavation project. Due to the poor self-stabilization of this stratum,seeping , sand flow and collapse take place frequently. Grouting materials such as Portland cement and soluble glass (also called sodium silicate) are employed in most of excavation projects to reinforce this sand stratum. However, the reinforcement is not effective, leading to a large amount of accidents in the process of construction. The reason may be attributed to the fact that Portland cement is unable to penetrate into the stratum and the strength of soluble glass (0.6MPa) is too weak to resist the stratum pressure. To solve this problem, a modified microfine cement grouting material able to penetrate into silty fine sand stratum is developed in this paper. A combination of suspension and diluent is used to increase the penetration extension of the grouts,and the experimental results reveal that the addition of the mixture of suspension and diluent in microfine cement grouting materials improves the penetration property substantially.

scholarly journals Geopolymer Based on Mechanically Activated Air-cooled Blast Furnace Slag

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilda Tole ◽  
Magdalena Rajczakowska ◽  
Abeer Humad ◽  
Ankit Kothari ◽  
Andrzej Cwirzen
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
Efficient Solution ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
Alkali Activated

An efficient solution to increase the sustainability of building materials is to replace Portland cement with alkali-activated materials (AAM). Precursors for those systems are often based on water-cooled ground granulated blast furnace slags (GGBFS). Quenching of blast furnace slag can be done also by air but in that case, the final product is crystalline and with a very low reactivity. The present study aimed to evaluate the cementitious properties of a mechanically activated (MCA) air-cooled blast furnace slag (ACBFS) used as a precursor in sodium silicate alkali-activated systems. The unreactive ACBFS was processed in a planetary ball mill and its cementing performances were compared with an alkali-activated water-cooled GGBFS. Mixes based on mechanically activated ACBFS reached the 7-days compressive strength of 35 MPa and the 28-days compressive strength 45 MPa. The GGBFS-based samples showed generally higher compressive strength values.

scholarly journals The contribution of life-cycle assessment to environmentally preferable concrete mix selection for breakwater applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maristela Gomes da Silva ◽  
Vanessa Gomes ◽  
Marcella Ruschi Mendes Saade
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Impact Category ◽  
Cradle To Gate ◽  
Natural Aggregates ◽  
Comprehensive Framework ◽  
Regulation Compliance ◽  
Alkali Activated

Abstract Life cycle assessment (LCA) provides a comprehensive framework for positioning low energy and global warming potential alternatives regarding Portland cement and concrete. Published LCA work on alkali-activated cements is, however, relatively limited. In this paper, we illustrate how LCA critically supports concrete technological studies in the search for low impact concrete mixes. Previous research on breakwater applications explored replacing a low-clinker Portland cement and natural aggregates with seven different alkali-activated blast furnace slag (bfs) binder systems and with coarse and granulated bfs aggregates. Its outcome suggested a sodium silicate-activated bfs formulation as the best match between concrete properties and environmental regulation compliance. To validate this outcome through LCA, our cradle to gate assessments followed ISO 14044 (INTERNATIONAL…, 2006b) and used Ecoinvent v.2.2 and CML baseline 2001 v.2.05. We adopted the ‘net avoided burden approach’ to handle multifunctionality intrinsic to by-product-based AAC. Whilst sodium silicate-activated mixes rivaled the reference regarding GWP, impacts in several categories were increased. LCA highlighted the implications of driving mix selection by focusing on a single environmental impact category.

High Pressure Rotary Jet Grouting Pile with Undrained Caisson Combined Construction Technology on Nearby Yangtze River Levee Protection

2013 ◽  
Vol 718-720 ◽  
pp. 1938-1944
Author(s):  
You Sheng Zhao ◽  
Bin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Construction Technology ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
Deep Foundation ◽  
Foundation Pit ◽  
Deep Foundation Pit ◽  
Jet Grouting

t is easy to cause the Yangtze River embankment soil of slip even collapse to have a deep foundation pit construction adjacent to the Yangtze River outsideembankment,there are a lot of risk. In this paper, a new combining technique of construction for large caisson is presented. Based on the construction environment, theconstructiontechnology,the smaller earthwork excavation of deep high pressure rotary jet grouting pile with undrained caisson combined construction technology combined with monitoring data for the open caisson excavation control is adopted. It has achieved relatively good results and summarized the advantages of deep high pressure rotary jet grouting pile with undrained caisson combined construction technology in engineering application owing the reference value for engineering applications.

Development of Low-Activation Design Method for Reduction of Radioactive Waste Below Clearance Level

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken-Ichi Kimura ◽  
Akira Hasegawa ◽  
Katsumi Hayashi ◽  
Mikio Uematsu ◽  
Tomohiro Ogata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Benchmark Calculation ◽  
Steel Bars ◽  
Clearance Level ◽  
Selection Of

Design methodology for reinforced concrete of nuclear power plants to reduce radioactive wastes in decommission phase has been developed. To realize this purpose, (1) development of raw materials database of cements, aggregates and steel bars on concentration of radioactive target elements, (2) trial production of low activation cements and steel bars based on the material database developed in (1), and (3) development of tools for estimation and prediction of the amount of radioactive elements in reactor shielding walls have been carried out. Radioactive analysis showed that Co and Eu were the major target elements which decide the radioactivity level of reinforced concrete from wide survey of raw materials for concrete (typically aggregates and cements). Material database for the contents of Co and Eu was developed based on the chemical analysis and radioactivation analysis. Upon the above survey and execution expreiment of concrete, six types of low-activation concrete are proposed for various radioactive portion in the plant. These concrete have a 1/10 – 1/300 rasioactivity compare to the ordinary concrete, which are assumed the concrete with Andesite aggregate and ordinary Portland cement. Baed on the above data base, it was clarified that the low activation cement would be successfully manufactured by adequate selection of raw materials. The prospect to produce the low-heat portland cement which would have a 1/3 radioactivity in comparison with conventioanl cements obtained by means of selection of limestone and natural gypsum. An attempte was carried out to produece low activation heavy-mortar which would have radioactivity below the clearance level when using at the radiation shielding wall of BWR. Characterization and optimization of consturction conditions with new additives have also been carried out. These two new raw materials for low-activation concrete are conducted in pre-manufacture size, and over the laboratry level. Boron added low-activation concrete are also carried out as extreamly high performance low-activation concrete. It was claryfied that the accurcy of calculation results of the radioactivity evaluation was very high compared to available benchmark calculation for the JPDR and commercial light water reactor. The specification of the mapping system for judging the activation classification was also developed by using the general-purpose radio activation calculation tool. This work is supported by a grant-in-aid of Innovative and Viable Nuclear Technology (IVNET) development project of Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Japan.

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