Preparation and Morphology of SMPU/PNIPAM Semi-IPN Microporous Membrane

2011 ◽  
Vol 399-401 ◽  
pp. 1547-1551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Mei Zhao ◽  
Zheng Wei Dai ◽  
Hai Ning Lv ◽  
Yuan Xue
Keyword(s):  
Pore Structure ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Interpenetrating Polymer Network ◽  
Coagulation Bath ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Large Pore ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Phase Inversion Method ◽  
Shape Memory Polyurethane ◽  
Precipitation Phase

Microporous membranes were prepared by immersion precipitation phase inversion method from the semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) of shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) and poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM). The influence of material compostion and preparation procedure on the morphology of membranes such as pore structure and porosity was investigated by methods including Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). Both sponge-like structure and large-pore structure were found in the membranes. The introduction of PNIPAM content in the semi-IPN promotes the formation of large-pore structures and increases the porosity of membranes, due to the improvement of water diffusion into the casting solution. We also found that by increasing the temperature of coagulation bath and the concentration of DMF in the coagulation solution, the formation of large pores could be impeded, and membranes with more sponge-like structure could be prepared.

Effect of PVP concentration on prepared PEI membranes for potential use on water treatment: effect of additive on membranes prepared for water treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 2072-2078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Öykü Mutlu Salmanli ◽  
Sevgi Güneş Durak ◽  
Güler Türkoğlu Demirkol ◽  
Neşe Tüfekci
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Coagulation Bath ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Membrane Morphology ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Phase Inversion Method ◽  
Potential Use

Abstract In this work, a series of polyetherimide (PEI) flat sheet membranes were produced with different concentrations of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) addition via the phase inversion method. The effects of additions on membrane morphology and performance were investigated. Synthesized membrane had the properties of ultrafiltration membrane. Although PEI is not widely used for water treatment, in this study, the ferrous iron removal rate was investigated and good results were obtained. Through the membrane production experiments, the PEI content was 22 wt%. PVP was added as a pore-forming agent with concentrations of 2, 4 and 8 wt%. N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) was used as solvent. Distilled water was used for the coagulation bath. After production, all membranes were characterized by using contact angle, permeability, porosity, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT/IR) analyses. With the increasing doses of PVP addition, the permeability of the PEI membranes produced in this study increased, while porosity results were changeable. The permeability was 23 L/m2h bar for the membrane with 2 wt% PVP content, while the permeability for the membrane with 8 wt% PVP content was 32 L/m2h bar. Contact angles increased with PVP addition to PEI membranes. With the increasing PVP concentration, the finger-like pores and the pores located in the sub-layer expanded.

Preparation and Catalytic Performance of the Porous Polysulfone Microspheres Enabled by Immobilized Ionic Liquids for Esterification

2018 ◽  
Vol 1145 ◽  
pp. 90-94
Author(s):  
Yong Dong Zhao ◽  
Zhi Ping Zhao ◽  
Shuo Li ◽  
Peng Lu
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Covalent Bond ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Structure And Property ◽  
Porous Microspheres ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Acidic Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Phase Inversion Method

Chloromethylated polysulfone (PSF-Cl) porous microspheres were prepared with non-solvent induced phase inversion method for the immobilization of acidic ionic liquid ([MIMBS][HSO4]). FT-IR, SEM, and 1H-NMR were used to characterize the structure and property of polysulfone porous microsphere supported ionic liquid (PSF-ILs). The results showed that acidic ionic liquid was supported onto the PSF-Cl porous microspheres by covalent bond. Furthermore, the catalyst exhibited a good catalytic activity with about 57% acetic acid conversion rate after 8h reaction. After the catalyst was reused for 7 times in the synthesis of ethyl acetate, the yield only decreased 6%.

Performance of PSf Ultrafiltration Membrane: Effect of Different Nonsolvent on Coagulation Medium

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Fikri Shohur ◽  
Zawati Harun ◽  
W. J. Lau ◽  
Muhamad Zaini Yunos ◽  
Mohd Riduan Jamalludin
Keyword(s):  
Pore Structure ◽  
Phase Inversion ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Bottom Layer ◽  
Ultrafiltration Membrane ◽  
Coagulation Bath ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Asymmetric Membrane ◽  
Result Analysis

One of the big challenges in developing a good asymmetric membrane  is macrovoid formation that leads to reduction of rejection value.  The most common method to reduce or suppress macrovoid formation is by addition of controlled solvent to the coagulation bath. Therefore, the effect of difference coagulants based on dissolved KCl (monovalent) and dissolved Na2SO4(divalent) with different concentration onto asymmetric Polysulfone (PSf) ultrafiltration membrane was investigated in this work. The PSf ultrafiltration membranes were prepared by using phase inversion method using these two immerse aqueous solutions. The performances of membranes were evaluated via pure water flux (distilled water) and solute rejection (humic acid). Results on the cross section revealed that the structure of membrane show a straight pattern of bigger finger-like pore structure from top to bottom layer tend to reduce with at the same time the diameter of finger-like pore structure  also increased, as salt medium of coagulant increases. These obviously shown by permeation values for both salt mediums were higher compared to without salt coagulant. This reduction of finger-like structure at bottom layer occurred along together with the formation of sponge shape structure. The growth of thick sponge shape is strongly influence by kinetic phase inversion of salt coagulant that also creates resistance to permeation mechanism. However the intense salt coagulant medium can cause the bigger sponge structure that will slightly reduce rejection and increase the permeation.  This was proved by the rejection of KCl medium started to increase at 1-3% but slightly reduced at 4%. Based on the result analysis demonstrated that the ideal membrane with highest rejection and good permeation values was membrane immersed into 1% Na2SO4 coagulation medium.

Structure and Properties of Chitosan/Poly-Lactic Acid Blend Scaffold and Chitosan Powder/Poly-Lactic Acid Blend Scaffold

2013 ◽  
Vol 647 ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Dan Ying Zuo ◽  
Hong Jun Li
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Plla Scaffold ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Phase Separation Behavior ◽  
Phase Inversion Method ◽  
Precipitation Phase ◽  
Chitosan Powder

The chitosan (CS) /poly-L-lactic (PLLA) acid blend scaffolds were prepared by two kinds of blend solutions through immersion precipitation phase inversion method. CS/PLLA blend scaffold was fabricated by mixing the CS-HAc solution and PLLA-DMF solution, CSP/PLLA blend scaffold was fabricated by mixing chitosan powder (CSP) and PLLA-DMF solution. The results revealed that CS content in CSP/PLLA scaffold was 126 times higher than that in CS/PLLA scaffold. The difference of CS content made the structures of CS/PLLA scaffold and CSP/PLLA scaffold exhibit an obvious discrepancy, which resulted from the different thermodynamics and phase separation behavior of two blend solutions. CS/PLLA scaffold with a higher porosity took on an unsymmetrical structure with a compact upper surface and a porous cross-section containing the fingerlike macrovoids, while CSP/PLLA scaffold displayed a symmetrical structure with a porous upper surface and the sponge-like cross-section. WVTR and equilibrium swelling of CSP/PLLA blend scaffold were higher than that of CS/PLLA blend scaffold. WAXD analysis revealed that PLLA and CS did not crystallize in the course of CS/PLLA scaffold formation, while there were the diffraction peaks of PLLA and CS in the CSP/PLLA scaffold.

Synthesis and Characteristics of Interpenetrating Polymer Network Hydrogels Based on Konjac Glucomannan with Different Molecular Weights and Poly(acrylic acid)

2011 ◽  
Vol 393-395 ◽  
pp. 1004-1007
Author(s):  
Xue Yao ◽  
Xue Gang Luo ◽  
Ben Chao Han
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Enzymatic Degradation ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Konjac Glucomannan ◽  
Interpenetrating Polymer Network ◽  
Swelling Ratio ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Poly Acrylic Acid

Konjac glucomannan with different molecular weights/poly(acrylic acid) hydrogels were prepared in this paper. The structure of the IPN hydrogels was characterized by FT-IR and SEM. The swelling ratio of these hydrogels showed they had pH-sensitive properties and the enzymatic degradation tests showed the hydrogels retain the enzymatic degradation character of KGM. Furthermore, hydrogel composed of native KGM degraded sharply in enzymatic degradation test and it had bigger swelling ratio and weight loss ratio than those hydrogels which composed of lower molecular weights KGM. Therefore, hydrogels composed of lower molecular weight might release drug more stable when they were used as drug carrier.

Permeability characterization of hydroxypropylcellulose/ polyacrylonitrile blend membranes

e-Polymers ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Li ◽  
Guo-li Gong ◽  
Tai-sheng Gong
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Bath Temperature ◽  
Coagulation Bath ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Casting Solution ◽  
Blend Membranes ◽  
Phase Inversion Method ◽  
Coagulation Bath Temperature

Abstract A series of blend membranes were prepared by immersion precipitation phase inversion method using hydroxypropylcellulose and polyacrylonitrile as raw materials. The effects of casting conditions on membrane’s characterization were studied. The properties of resulting blend membranes were that water flux decreased from 489 L·h-1·m-2 to 312 L·h-1·m-2 ; retention rate increased from 80.1% to 91.8%; and corresponding porosity presented increasing trend but changed little within the range of casting solution concentrations from 10 wt % to 16 wt %. The greater the mass fraction of HPC in casting solution, the greater the water flux of blend membranes. Prolonging the atmosphere exposing time, water flux increased from 268 L·h-1·m-2 about 20s to 372 L·h-1·m-2 about 60 s, then decreased to 340 L·h-1·m-2 about 75s. In addition, retention rate decreased from 91.2% to 81.3%. Porosity tend to decrease but changed a little. With the coagulation bath temperature rising, water flux of blend membranes increased from 306 L·h-1·m-2 about 20 0C to 429 L·h-1·m-2 about 35 0C, and corresponding retention rate decreased from 87.9% to 82.5%, porosity decreased from 80.23% to 68.26%.

scholarly journals Fabrication and Characterization of GO-Fe3O4/PSF Membrane with Phase Inversion Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Vivia Maulida Alfianti ◽  
◽  
Munasir Munasir ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Inversion ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Solid Matrix ◽  
Coagulation Bath ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Polysulfone Membrane ◽  
Phase Inversion Method

Polysulfones are hydrophobic which can reduce membrane permeability. Permeability can be increased through the application of hydrophilic materials such as GO-Fe3O4 to the polysulfone membrane so that the membrane is hydrophilic. The riset purpose to determine the effect of the percentage weight of different material compositions on the hydrophilicity properties of the polysulfone membrane. Membrane fabrication is carried out using the phase inversion method where the polymer solution is molded in a place and immersed in a coagulation bath containing non-solvent. This solvent exchange causes the polymer to form a solid matrix and become a membrane. The results showed that GO particles were successfully doped with Fe3O4 material shown by XRD analysis at a peak of 35.61˚ with a magnetite phase, while FTIR analysis showed that there was an absorption band characteristic of Fe-O streching vibrations. The results of the contact angle test on the GO-Fe3O4/PSF membrane 0.75 wt per cent were around 73.17˚ which showed the smallest hydrophobic value and the membrane surface morphology had an average pore size of 333.61 nm so that the addition of GO-Fe3O4 composites could increase membrane hydrophilicity.

scholarly journals PEMBUATAN MEMBRAN FOTOKATALITIK DARI SELULOSA DIASETAT SERBUK GERGAJI KAYU JATI (TECTONA GRANDIS L.F.) DAN TIO2 UNTUK PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH BAKU AIR PDAM

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Fitriyatin Najiyah
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Young Modulus ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Cellulose Diacetate ◽  
Scanning Electronmicroscopy ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Phase Inversion Method ◽  
Tectona Grandis L.F

                Membrane technology is growing rapidlybecause of its superiority and has beenwidely applied in various industries. Thewaste of teak sawdust is increasing as thefurniture industry develops, but its utilizationis not optimal. The purpose of this study wasto determine the effect of the addition of TiO2on the mechanical properties andperformance of photocalytic membranesfrom cellulose diacetate teak sawdust forprocessing PDAM water raw materials.Cellulose isolation from teak sawdust wascarried out by adding NaOH 17.5% (b / v)and continued with cellulose bleachingprocess. Cellulose teak sawdust wassynthesized into cellulose diacetate byacetylation method. Membrane production isdone by phase inversion method withvariations in the composition of TiO2 0.25%,0.5%, 0.75% and 1% and also variations inevaporation time 20 seconds, 25 seconds,30 seconds and 35 seconds. The photocyticmembrane of cellulose diacetate from teaksawdust and TiO2 produced wascharacterized by thickness test, mechanicalproperties and performance. Photocalyticmembranes with optimum conditions arecharacterized by SEM (Scanning ElectronMicroscopy), FT-IR (Fourier TransformInfraRed) and antibacterial effectiveness.The optimum composition of thephotocatalytic membrane is 16% cellulosediacetate, 4% formamide, acetone 79% and1% TiO2 with 30 seconds evaporation time.The mechanical properties obtained werestress 1562,50000 kN / m2, strains 0.01 m /m and Young Modulus 141593,4835 kN /m2. The membrane has an averagethickness of 0.04 mm, a flux value of 683.10L.m2.hari-1, a rejection value of 97.74% andan antibacterial effectiveness of 99.57%.  

Controlled Release of Salidroside Microspheres Prepared Using a Chitosan and Methylcellulose Interpenetrating Polymer Network

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenlin Chen ◽  
Fangjian Ning ◽  
Xingcun He ◽  
Hailong Peng ◽  
Hua Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Interpenetrating Polymer Network ◽  
Fickian Diffusion ◽  
Release Mechanism ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Release Process ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Schiff Base Formation

AbstractIn this work, salidroside, a functional food agent, was incorporated into novel interpenetrating polymer network microspheres (IPN-Ms) prepared by chitosan (CS) and methylcellulose (MC) for controlled release and stabilization. IPN-Ms were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction. The result indicated that salidroside-loaded IPN-Ms (S-IPN-Ms) are hollow and highly spherical, with a coarse pleated surface and a particle size ranging from 5 to 30 µm. Schiff base formation and the hemiacetal reaction are the primary mechanisms underlying the interpenetrating network cross-linking of IPN-Ms. In S-IPN-Ms, the CS and MC were homogeneously blended, and the salidroside was molecularly and amorphously dispersed. The encapsulation efficiency of the salidroside within the S-IPN-Ms was up to 75.64 %. In the S-IPN-M complex, the release of salidroside by S-IPN-Ms was governed by burst and sustained release, and Fickian diffusion was the primary release mechanism for the entire release process. Thus, controlled release and stabilization of salidroside were achieved through incorporation of salidroside into IPN-Ms prepared by chitosan (CS) and methylcellulose.

scholarly journals Poly 4-Vinylpyridine and Polystyrene Based Interpenetrating Polymer Networks (IPNs): Synthesis and Characterization

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 1771-1775
Author(s):  
Dayanand Mishra ◽  
Meet Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Average Molecular Weight ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Polymer Networks ◽  
Inverse Function ◽  
Interpenetrating Polymer Networks ◽  
Interpenetrating Polymer Network ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Direct Function ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Cross Linker

A study on synthesis of thin film of interpenetrating polymer network (IPN), of poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PVP) and polystyrene was carried out. A series of IPN was synthesized, using divinyl benzene (as cross linker) and benzoyl peroxide (as an initiator) and characterized using FT-IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal (DSC, TGA) and fluorescent techniques. FTIR spectra revealed the presence of PVP at 1584 cm–1 and polystyrene at 1609 cm–1. Shifting in band positions depicts formation of IPN. SEM images show a clear dual phase morphology. DSC thermogram reveals glass transition temperature (Tg) value of the polymer network at 350 ºC. TGA graph depicts thermal stability of IPN upto 400 °C. The XRD pattern of IPN indicates semi crystalline nature. The properties such as average molecular weight between crosslinks (Mc), percentage swelling is found to be the direct function of initiator (BPO) and inverse function of concentration of cross linker (DVB) and styrene. Fluorescence spectra of IPN observed in visual range of 506 nm.

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