Properties of Compatibilized SAN/NR Blends

2012 ◽  
Vol 488-489 ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
Jareenuch Rojsatean ◽  
Supakij Suttireungwong ◽  
Manus Seadan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Reactive Agents ◽  
Internal Mixer ◽  
Scanning Electron

The blend of poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (SAN) and natural rubber (NR) is immiscible and incompatible which lead to poor mechanical properties. Many methods can be carried out to improve the compatibility. In this work, the potential of various reactive compatibilizers in SAN and NR blend was explored. The morphological and mechanical properties were compared. The melt blending of SAN and NR were prepared in an internal mixer with various types of reactive agent such as styrene-co-maleic anhydride (SMA), maleic anhydride (MA), peroxide and mixed reactive agents. The morphological textures of the blends were investigated by scanning electron microscope. Mechanical properties including tensile strength, impact strength and elongation at break were measured. The results of morphological observations revealed that SAN/NR blend with reactive agent, the mixture of SMA and MA show the smallest and the most uniform dispersed NR particles, where the size of NR particle is about 1 µm. The mechanical properties of the blends revealed impact strength and elongation at break were increased with addition of reactive agents. SAN/NR blend with the mixture of SMA and MA showed the highest elongation at break but it had lower impact strength than the blend with SMA.

Mechanical and Morphology Properties of Polypropylene/ Nano-CaCO3 Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 774-776 ◽  
pp. 625-628
Author(s):  
Teng Fei Shen ◽  
Fa Chao Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
High Fraction ◽  
Scanning Electron

To provide polypropylene (PP) with better excellent mechanical properties, nanoCaCO3 particles are incorporated into PP matrix by melt blending in this work. To improve the mophology between PP and nanoCaCO3, maleic-anhydride grafted PP (PP-g-MAH) was added as a compatibiliser. The results showed that PP-g-MAH indeed enhanced the interfacial adhesion of PP /nanoCaCO3 composites, which is demonstrated by the measurement of scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results of tensile tests revealed that the inclusion of nanoCaCO3 slightly increased modulus and decreased tensile strength and significantly increased the elongation at break. At high fraction of nanoCaCO3, the elongation at break was declined. The nanosized feature, shape and dispersion conditions of nanoCaCO3, played important roles in determining the performances of PP/nanoCaCO3 composites.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Improvement in the Tensile and Impact Strength of Polypropylene Reinforced by Graphene

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Li Juan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Fracture Surface ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Morphological Behavior ◽  
Scanning Electron

The nanocomposites of polypropylene (PP)/graphene were prepared by melt blending. The effects of the dosage of graphene on the flow and mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were investigated. The morphologies of fracture surfaces were characterized through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The graphene simultaneous enhanced tensile and impact properties of nanocomposites. A 3.22% increase in tensile strength, 39.8% increase in elongation at break, and 26.7% increase in impact strength are achieved by addition of only 1 wt.% of graphene loading. The morphological behavior indicates the fracture surface of PP/graphene is more rough than that of pure PP.

Study the Effect of the Addition of HAp from Crocodile Bones on the Mechanical Properties of PLA/HAp Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 834-836 ◽  
pp. 237-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanyakorn Pawarangkool ◽  
Wirunya Keawwattana
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Thermal Process ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Infrared Spectrometer ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this work, hydroxyapatite (HAp) was produced from crocodile bones by thermal process at 900°C. X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to characterize the obtained HAp. Polylactic acid (PLA)/HAp composites were prepared by melt blending as follows: 95/5, 90/10 and 85/15 (weight ratio). The effect of the amount of HAp on the mechanical properties including tensile strength, modulus, elongation at break and impact strength of PLA/HAp composites was undertaken. It was found that tensile strength and elongation at break of the composites decreased with an increase of HAp content, while modulus and impact strength showed no significant effect.

Hydroscopic and Mechanical Properties Performance Analysis of Rice Husk Powder/PLA Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 230-232 ◽  
pp. 1231-1235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Hua ◽  
Zhi Min Zhao ◽  
Wei Yu ◽  
Ben Zheng Wei
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Coupling Agent ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Water Absorbability ◽  
Scanning Electron

The rice husk powder was modified by polymer (lactic acid) (PLA) and Maleic anhydride (coupling agent, MAPP). Composite material was prepared in the way of melt blending. The mechanical properties, water absorbability of rice husk/polymer (lactic acid) (PLA) composites, and the relations between these properties and microscopic characteristics were investigated. The result showed that, with the increasing content of rice husk power, the maximum bearable tension and tensile strength increased; Water absorbability after 2 hours’ immersion hadn't significant change, but after 24 hours’ immersion, the water absorbing capacity had obvious addition. The study also showed that coupling agent could significantly reduce the water absorbability of composite materials; The use of scanning electron microscope (SEM) found that the interface became smoother, the adhesion between PLA and rice husk powder became closer when add the coupling agent to the rice husk powder, it also could well explain the differences between water absorbability and mechanical properties.

The Mechanical Properties and Thermodynamic Study on Polypropylene/Talc Composites

2014 ◽  
Vol 915-916 ◽  
pp. 751-754
Author(s):  
Shao Hui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Crystallization Rate ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Scanning Electron

The composites of PP/Talc modified by stearic acid were prepared and its effect on the properties of PP/Talc composites was investigated in this paper. The tensile strength and impact strength of PP/Talc composites increased about 15% and 30% compared with pure PP respectively. Based on surface analysis by scanning electron microscope (SEM), the Talcparticles buried well in PP matrix when the Talc was coated with the stearic acid. At the same time, it was found that Talc significantly increased the crystallization temperature and crystallization rate of PP by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).

scholarly journals PENGARUH LIMBAH ABU PEMBAKARAN BIOMASSA KELAPA SAWIT TERHADAP SIFAT-SIFAT FISIKA DAN MEKANIK HIGH IMPACT POLYSTYRENE

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Fadhilla Asyri ◽  
Kartini Noor Hafni ◽  
A. Haris Simamora
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Scanning Electron

This study aims was to determine the effect of palm oil fuel ash (POFA) composite as filler on the physical and mechanical properties of high impact polystyrene (HIPS) composites. The research methodology included preparation of raw materials, treatment POFA (hydration process of POFA), mixing using tumbler and then extruder, molding composite specimens, and testing. The variables used were weight ratio of HIPS with 140 mesh POFA at 95/5; 92.5/7.5; 90/10. The composites were tested by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), ash content, specific gravity, tensile strength, elongation at break, impact strength, hardness test, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results of FTIR characterization shows the formation of –OH bonding that was suspected as Si-OH or Si-hydrat. Results of physical and mechanical properties of the composites shows that increase of the filler composition in HIPS-POFA composites until the ratio of 90/10, increase the specific gravity to 7.2% of the original, tensile strength did not change significantly to 28.4 MPa, elongation at break decreased to 2.7%, impact strength decreased to 3.183 KJ/m2, and the hardness increased to 110.5, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) test show the transformation of POFA structure on treated POFA and intercalation between the matrix and POFA.

MORFOLOGI DAN PROPERTI CAMPURAN KARET ALAM/POLYPROPYLENE YANG DIVULKANISASI DINAMIK DALAM INTERNAL MIXER

REAKTOR ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Bahruddin Bahruddin ◽  
Sumarno Sumarno ◽  
Gede Wibowo ◽  
Nonot Suwarno
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Izod Impact ◽  
Internal Mixer ◽  
Scanning Electron

Morfologi dan properti campuran (blend) karet alam jenis SIR-20/polypropylene (NR/PP) yang divulkanisasi dinamik dalam internal mixer telah dipelajari. Blend dibuat dengan rasio berat NR/PP 10/90, 20/80, 50/50, 60/40 dan 70/30 dan komposisi sulfur 3 dan 5 phr (per hundred rubber). Proses pencampuran dilakukan pada suhu 180 oC dan kecepatan rotor 60 rpm. Analisa morfologi menggunakan SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) dan DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry). Properti mekanik yang diukur meliputi tensile strength, elongation at break, izod impact, tearing dan hardness, berdasarkan standar ASTM. Didapatkan bahwa peningkatan rasio NR/PP menghasilkan distribusi partikel NR yang makin merata dengan ukuran yang makin kecil. Morfologi blend menunjukkan sistem dua fasa dan vulkanisasi fasa NR terjadi secara parsial dalam matrik PP. Peningkatan rasio NR/PP dan komposisi sulfur dapat meningkatkan properti elongation at break, namun menurunkan properti tensile strength, izod impact, tearing dan hardness. Elongation at break tertinggi yang dapat diperoleh adalah 70% pada rasio blend NR/PP 70/30 dan komposisi sulfur 5 phr.

Physical and Mechanical Properties of Thermoplastic Natural Rubber (TPNR) Nanocomposites

2012 ◽  
Vol 576 ◽  
pp. 394-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Azlina Hassan ◽  
Hassan Norita ◽  
Sahrim Haji Ahmad ◽  
Rozaidi Rasid ◽  
Hazleen Anuar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Mixing Parameters ◽  
Blending Method ◽  
Thermoplastic Natural Rubber ◽  
Internal Mixer

Thermoplastic natural rubber (TPNR) nanocomposites were prepared by melt blending method with the optimum mixing parameters (140oC, 100 rpm, 12 min) using internal mixer (Haake 600 P). The aim of this work is to study the effects of organo-montmorillonite (OMMT) on the physical and mechanical properties of TPNR with and without coupling agent (maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, MA-PE). Significant improvement in tensile strength and modulus of TPNR nanocomposites were obtained with the presence of MA-PE.

scholarly journals Composite fabrication from fat extracted limed fleshing: solid waste management in tannery

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-222
Author(s):  
MA Hashem ◽  
MHR Sheikh ◽  
Rahamatullah ◽  
M Biswas ◽  
MA Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Composite Fabrication ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Scanning Electron

In tannery, fleshing is the unavoidable solid waste which has negative effect on the environment. Fleshing contains fat, and protein.In this work, fat extracted fleshing was used for composite fabrication. After collecting limed fleshing, fat was extracted in water bath.The fat extracted fleshing was dried, ground,passes through 80-mesh and homogenized.For proper adhesion and bonding with fleshing powder, epoxy resin and hardener were mixed at various ratios and poured onto an aluminum sheetfor 24 h curing. The mechanical properties of the composite were investigated by tensile strength, elongation at break, and Young’s modulus. The composite was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) for related functional groups and surface analysis. The investigation provided satisfactory information on the proper bonding of the fleshing powder and resin/hardener. The approach explores the valorization of he waste for managing solid waste in the tannery. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.56(3), 215-222, 2021

scholarly journals The Structure and Mechanical Properties of Hemp Fibers-Reinforced Poly(ε-Caprolactone) Composites Modified by Electron Beam Irradiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5317
Author(s):  
Rafał Malinowski ◽  
Aneta Raszkowska-Kaczor ◽  
Krzysztof Moraczewski ◽  
Wojciech Głuszewski ◽  
Volodymyr Krasinskyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Electron Radiation ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Hemp Fibers

The need for the development of new biodegradable materials and modification of the properties the current ones possess has essentially increased in recent years. The aim of this study was the comparison of changes occurring in poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) due to its modification by high-energy electron beam derived from a linear electron accelerator, as well as the addition of natural fibers in the form of cut hemp fibers. Changes to the fibers structure in the obtained composites and the geometrical surface structure of sample fractures with the use of scanning electron microscopy were investigated. Moreover, the mechanical properties were examined, including tensile strength, elongation at break, flexural modulus and impact strength of the modified PCL. It was found that PCL, modified with hemp fibers and/or electron radiation, exhibited enhanced flexural modulus but the elongation at break and impact strength decreased. Depending on the electron radiation dose and the hemp fibers content, tensile strength decreased or increased. It was also found that hemp fibers caused greater changes to the mechanical properties of PCL than electron radiation. The prepared composites exhibited uniform distribution of the dispersed phase in the polymer matrix and adequate adhesion at the interface between the two components.

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