Effects of Processing Technic on Grain Size of Copper Clad Steel Wire

2012 ◽  
Vol 567 ◽  
pp. 116-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Mei Wu ◽  
De Qing Wang ◽  
Yang Gao
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Annealing Time ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Longitudinal Section ◽  
Diameter Ratio ◽  
Strip Shape ◽  
Clad Steel

The method adopted to manufacture copper clad steel wire in this study is cladding and welding and then drawing and annealing it. The effect of drawing deformation and annealing treatment on the grain size of α-Fe phase were studied. Experimental results show that the grain sizeα in cross section of α-Fe phase is decreased with the increase of the drawing deformation. Grains of the longitudinal section are elongated toward the drawing direction and appeared a strip shape. The grain size in cross-section of α-Fe phase is enhanced with the increase of the annealing time and annealing temperature, its length diameter ratio in longitudinal section is decreased oppositely. The grain size in cross section and length diameter ratio in longitudinal section are almost invariant in 850 °C for 2 h, the grain in longitudinal section tends to be equiaxial, the recrystallization processes is thus finished at this moment. Through the experimental data analysis, the regression equation about the relation of annealing temperature and annealing time of CCS with the grain size in cross section and length diameter ratio in longitudinal section are obtained.

First Paper: The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Ductility of Alloy Steel Wires in a Cold Heading Process

1969 ◽  
Vol 184 (1) ◽  
pp. 875-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. Thomason
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Annealing Time ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Groove Depth ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Fracture Crack ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Process Annealing

Longitudinal grooves of various depths ranging from 0.001 in to 0.011 in were machined on the cylindrical surface of steel slugs prior to carrying out an automatic two-stage transfer heading operation. The longitudinal grooves were used to estimate the ‘critical groove depth’, which was defined as the depth of longitudinal groove that contained a ductile fracture crack just on the point of ‘opening out’ at the end of the heading process, thus giving a measure of the ductility of the wire. A half-replicate of a two-level factorial experiment was carried out to assess the effects and interactions of annealing temperature, annealing time, cooling rate and ageing temperature on the ductility of four different types of 1/2 in diameter cold heading steel wire. The results show that certain types of steel wires have optimum ductility in the ‘as-received’, cold-drawn, state. Other types of steel are shown to respond favourably to process annealing treatments, in which case annealing at 700°C for 1 hour followed by air cooling should give optimum ductility. It is shown that there is no general correlation between decreasing hardness and increasing ductility for steel wire.

Characterization of Cold-Sprayed FeAl/WC Nanocomposite Coating

2013 ◽  
Vol 423-426 ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
Hong Tao Wang ◽  
Ruo Yu Wang ◽  
Xiao Chen ◽  
Xiao Bo Bai ◽  
Zeng Xiang Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Lamellar Structure ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Cold Spraying ◽  
Nanocomposite Coating ◽  
Mechanically Alloyed ◽  
Dense Microstructure ◽  
Before And After

A FeAl/WC nanocomposite coating was produced by cold spraying of mechanically alloyed Fe/Al/WC composite powder assisted with annealing treatment. The microstructure and grain size of FeAl/WC nanocomposite coating before and after annealing treatment were characterized. The results indicated that as-sprayed Fe (Al)/WC nanocomposite coating presented a dense microstructure with lamellar structure. The phase transformation from Fe (Al) solid solution to FeAl intermetallics within as-sprayed nanocomposite coating occurred when annealed at 550°C for 25 h. The annealed nanocomposite coating was composed of nanograins of size ranging from 50-100 nm and the grain size of FeAl increased with increasing the annealing time. Moreover, the effect of annealing temperature on the microstructure of the FeAl/WC nanocomposite coating was investigated.

Effect of Annealing Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Cold Drawn Pearlitic Steel Wires

2006 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 31-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won Jong Nam ◽  
Hyung Rak Song ◽  
Kyung Tae Park
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Annealing Time ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Pearlitic Steel ◽  
High Annealing Temperature ◽  
Annealing Temperatures ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
High Annealing

The effects of annealing temperature and annealing time on mechanical properties of cold drawn pearlitic steel wires containing 0.84wt% of silicon were investigated. Annealing treatment was performed on cold drawn steel wires for the temperature range of 200°C to 450°C with the different annealing time of 30sec, 1min, 15min and 1hr. The increase of tensile strength at the low annealing temperatures would be related with strain ageing behavior, while the decrease of tensile strength at the high annealing temperature is due to the spheroidization of cementite plates and the occurrence of recovery of the lamellar ferrite in the pearlite.

Influence of Annealing Treatment on N-Doped TiO2 Films Deposited by Pulsed Negative Bias Arc Ion Plating

2012 ◽  
Vol 482-484 ◽  
pp. 1105-1110
Author(s):  
Shu Juan Zhang ◽  
Ming Sheng Li ◽  
Zhi Qin Chen ◽  
Yong Zhong Fan
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Film Structure ◽  
Negative Bias ◽  
Arc Ion Plating ◽  
Ion Plating ◽  
Absorption Edges

The N-doped TiO2thin films were deposited on medical glass slide by pulsed negative bias arc ion plating. The influence of pulsed negative bias, annealing temperature and time on films properties was investigated. Film structure, surface morphologies and optical properties were measured with XRD, SEM and UV-VIS transmittance spectroscope. Photo-catalytic performance of the films was evaluated by degrading methyl orange. The results show that the absorption edges of the as-deposited films increase with the rising of the pulse negative bias, and the maximum of 550 nm is achieved under -600V bias. The films absorption edges increase in different degree after annealing at 400°Cand 500°Cfor 2h, and the best extending can increase 22nm after annealing. The diffraction peak intensity and surface grain size increase with increasing the annealing temperature and time. The grain size of films after annealing at 400°C for 4h is largest of all the films. The pulsed negative bias and annealing treatment not only indecrease TiO2thin films the UV catalytic performance, but also extend the catalytic properties to the sunlight.

The Effect of Final Annealing Heating Rate on Abnormal Grain Growth in a Fe-3.5%Si Steel

2016 ◽  
Vol 879 ◽  
pp. 350-355
Author(s):  
Fatayalkadri Citrawati ◽  
Md Zakaria Quadir ◽  
Paul Munroe
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Growth Kinetics ◽  
Annealing Time ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Rapid Heating ◽  
Secondary Recrystallization ◽  
Recrystallization Annealing ◽  
Final Annealing

In this study the effects of heating rate on the sharpness and size of Goss oriented ({110}<001>) grains during secondary recrystallization annealing at 900 °C was observed. The results show that, at the same annealing temperature, rapid heating of the samples to this temperature generates a higher drag force compared to a slower heating rate (5°C/min). The two groups of samples show different growth kinetics for Goss grains, in which at the longest annealing time, the rapid heating sample exhibits larger maximum Goss grain size compared to the slower heated samples.

Influence of Processing Parameters on the Texture Formation in Powder Metallurgic Ni-5at.%W Substrate Tapes

2007 ◽  
Vol 546-549 ◽  
pp. 1997-2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao Kai Chen ◽  
C.F. Liu ◽  
Ping Xiang Zhang ◽  
Lian Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Cold Rolling ◽  
Annealing Time ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Cube Texture ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Thickness Reduction ◽  
Texture Formation ◽  
Total Thickness ◽  
Electron Back Scattered Diffraction

Influence of cold rolling total thickness reduction, annealing temperature and annealing time on the textures in powder metallurgic Ni-5at.%W substrate tapes have been quantitatively investigated with the EBSD (Electron Back-Scattered Diffraction) technique. A “copper” type-like texture consisting of {1 2 3}<6 3 –4>+{0 1 –1}<3 –1 –1>+{1 –1 2}<1 –1 –1> has been found in the as-rolled tapes. This texture was much intensive in the tape at 99% thickness reduction than in the tape at 87% thickness reduction. The 99% reduction tape showed a higher fraction and sharper cube texture than the 87% reduction tape after annealing treatment. In addition, annealing at 1000°C was much favourable for the cube texture formation than annealing at 950°C and resulted in a higher cube texture fraction.

scholarly journals Influence of annealing temperature on reversible resistive switching of WOx thin filmsdeposited on FTO substrate

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Tam Thi Bang Dao ◽  
Thang Bach Pham
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Monoclinic Phase ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Crystalline Morphology ◽  
Annealing Temperatures ◽  
High Annealing ◽  
Bipolar Type ◽  
Switching Characteristics

In this work, we investigated effects of the annealing temperature on the crystalline, morphology of sputtered WOx thin films. The resutls show that as-deposited WOx thin films and annealed WOxthin films at 300oC, 600oC in the air are in monoclinic phase. As the annealing temperature increases, crystallinity of WOx thin films enhances with high(200) orientation. FESEM images showed larger grain size, and denser films at high annealing temperatures. The reversible resistance switching characteristics of the Ag/WOx/FTO structure follows bipolar type, the switching ratio decreases as the crystallinity of WOx thin films increases under an the annealing treatment.

Study on Evolution of Partial Texture of Different Grains during Grain Growth in IF Steels

2010 ◽  
Vol 638-642 ◽  
pp. 2799-2804 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.P. Tong ◽  
W.Y. Chen ◽  
Francis Wagner ◽  
L. Zuo ◽  
J.C. He
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Steel Sample ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Experiment Data ◽  
Texture Characteristic ◽  
Mean Grain Size ◽  
Cold Rolled

An IF steel sample was cold rolled to a reduction of 80% and subsequently submitted to annealing treatment at 650°C, 710°C and 770°C for various durations, respectively. The grain size and evolution of partial texture of small, medium and large grains were investigated during grain growth. It was found that the growth rate and partial texture characteristic were absolutely distinct at different annealing temperature, both were temperature dependent. At same annealing temperature, partial texture for various annealing time was similar, but its intensity increases with an increment of duration. And the relation between partial texture of different grains assembly and its mean grain size can be expressed by an empirical formula from experiment data.

Nanocrystalline ZnO Films Grown by PLD for NO2 and NH3 Sensor

2013 ◽  
Vol 475-476 ◽  
pp. 446-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Alekseevich Ageev ◽  
Evgeny Yurievich Gusev ◽  
Evgeny Gennad’evich Zamburg ◽  
Daniil Evgen’evich Vakulov ◽  
Zakhar Evgen’evich Vakulov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Substrate Temperature ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Zno Films ◽  
Deposition Technique ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force

Nanocrystalline ZnO thin films were grown by pulsed laser deposition technique on polycor substrates. The operation laser fluence of 2.0 J·cm-2 and film thickness of 60 nm were fixed while varying target-to-substrate distance (20-135 mm), substrate temperature (100-500 °C) and annealing temperature (300-700 °C). Structural and morphological investigations carried out by reflection high-energy electron diffraction, scanning electron and atomic force microcopies, have shown a strong influence of deposition technique parameters on grain size of the zinc oxide films. Atomic force microscopy showed the surface roughness decreasing and grain size increasing with the annealing treatment of the as-deposited films. The resistivity and Hall mobility of ZnO films were increased with substrate temperature and/or annealing temperature rise. The gas sensing characteristics of the films were investigated towards nitrogen dioxide and ammonia at a selected operating temperature (22 and 50 °C).

Effect of Annealing on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg-9Al% Alloy Plates Processed With Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Rolling

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhigang Xu ◽  
Honglin Zhang ◽  
Sergey Yarmolenko ◽  
Qiuming Wei ◽  
Laszlo Kecskes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Static Recrystallization ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Good Combination ◽  
Basal Texture ◽  
Asymmetrical Rolling ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Strength And Ductility

Abstract In this study, the Mg-9Al% plates with a total of approximately 50% thickness reduction corresponding to 0.76mm per pass, were obtained by symmetrical and asymmetrical rolling. The effect of different annealing temperature and corresponding holding time on the microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated. Key results showed that in the as-rolled state, the plates processed by asymmetrical rolling had smaller grain size and higher hardness value and ultimate tensile strength than symmetrical rolling. After annealing treatment, the hardness value of the both plates decreased due to the internal stress released. A good combination of strength and ductility were achieved for symmetrical and asymmetrical processed plates at 350°C for 1 hour and 325°C for 1 hour, respectively, which can be attributed to the static recrystallization and weakening the basal texture. These results show that the appropriate annealing is an effective way to enhance the mechanical formability of plastic deformed Mg plates.

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