Special Ceramic Material Based On Basaltic-Andesite for Extreme Environments

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 39-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Etele Albert ◽  
Marcela Muntean ◽  
A. Ianculescu ◽  
Florin Miculescu ◽  
B. Albert
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Material ◽  
Basaltic Andesite ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Extreme Environments ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Alumina ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis

A special ceramic material with specific performances for some extreme environments can be elaborated using basaltic-andesite as raw material. The volcanic rocks presents specific compositions, a complex structure and properties, so some of them, such as basaltic-andesite, may have multiple utilization. The elaborated basaltic-andesite compound ceramic material, in mixture with porcelain-clay and alumina was characterized with SEM (scanning electron microscopy), EDS (energy dispersive spectroscopy), X-ray diffraction and thermo-gravimetric analysis. Many of the properties of this sort of ceramic material surpass the electric insulator porcelain type KER 110 ceramic, and in some approximate the high alumina-content ceramic materials.

scholarly journals Treatment of Soil Contaminated by Mining Activities to Prevent Contamination by Encapsulation in Ceramic Construction Materials

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 6740
Author(s):  
Juan María Terrones-Saeta ◽  
Jorge Suárez-Macías ◽  
Antonio Bernardo-Sánchez ◽  
Laura Álvarez de Prado ◽  
Marta Menéndez Fernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Material ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Mining District ◽  
Different Soils

Mining is an essential activity for obtaining materials necessary for the well-being and development of society. However, this activity produces important environmental impacts that must be controlled. More specifically, there are different soils near new or abandoned mining productions that have been contaminated with potentially toxic elements, and currently represent an important environmental problem. In this research, a contaminated soil from the mining district of Linares was studied for its use as a raw material for the conforming of ceramic materials, bricks, dedicated to construction. Firstly, the contaminated soil was chemically and physically characterized in order to evaluate its suitability. Subsequently, different families of samples were conformed with different percentages of clay and contaminated soil. Finally, the conformed ceramics were physically and mechanically characterized to examine the variation produced in the ceramic material by the incorporation of the contaminated soil. In addition, in this research, leachate tests were performed according to the TCLP method determining whether encapsulation of potentially toxic elements in the soil occurs. The results showed that all families of ceramic materials have acceptable physical properties, with a soil percentage of less than 80% being acceptable to obtain adequate mechanical properties and a maximum of 70% of contaminated soil to obtain acceptable leachate according to EPA regulations. Therefore, the maximum percentage of contaminated soil that can be incorporated into the ceramic material is 70% in order to comply with all standards. Consequently, this research not only avoids the contamination that contaminated soil can produce, but also valorizes this element as a raw material for new materials, avoiding the extraction of clay and reducing the environmental impact.

scholarly journals SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GREENER CERAMIC MATERIALS WITH LOWER THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY USING OLIVE MILL SOLID BYPRODUCT

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 96-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xenofon Spiliotis ◽  
Vayos Karayannis ◽  
Stylianos Lamprakopoulos ◽  
Konstantinos Ntampegliotis ◽  
George Papapolymerou
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Ceramic Body ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Olive Mill Solid Waste ◽  
Olive Mill

In the current research, the valorization of olive mill solid waste as beneficial admixture into clay bodies for developing greener ceramic materials with lower thermal conductivity, thus with increased thermal insulation capacity towards energy savings, is investigated. Various clay/waste mixtures were prepared. The raw material mixtures were characterized and subjected to thermal gravimetric analysis, in order to optimize the mineral composition and maintain calcium and magnesium oxides content to a minimum. Test specimens were formed employing extrusion and then sintering procedure at different peak temperatures. Apparent density, water absorption capability, mechanical strength, porosity and thermal conductivity were determined on sintered specimens and examined in relation to the waste percentage and sintering temperature. The experimental results showed that ceramic production from clay/olive-mill solid waste mixtures is feasible. In fact, the mechanical properties are not significantly impacted with the incorporation of the waste in the ceramic body. However, the thermal conductivity decreases significantly, which can be of particular interest for thermal insulating materials development. Furthermore, the shape of the produced ceramics does not appear to change with the sintering temperature increase.

Physical and Thermal Properties of Chitosan

2014 ◽  
Vol 979 ◽  
pp. 315-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Siriprom ◽  
K. Chantarasunthon ◽  
K. Teanchai
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Biodegradable Films ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Xrd Pattern ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Good Agreement

This work aims at characterizing the thermal and physical properties of chitosan. The samples were evaluated for potentiality to use as raw material for biodegradable films raw material. Their thermal and physical properties have been also discussed in detail which Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), respectively. The result of the XRD pattern indicated the sample has amorphous-crystalline structure and FTIR results confirmed the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonding between the amino and hydroxyl groups of the sample. In good agreement between the EDXRF and TGA results, noticed that the removal of moisture and volatile material.

scholarly journals Utilization of Agricultural Waste in Treating Water Pollutants

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1017-1023
Author(s):  
N.R.A. El-Mouhty ◽  
H. M. H. Gad ◽  
A. Y. El-Naggar
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric ◽  
Water Pollutants ◽  
Date Pits

This study investigated the applicability of chemically (phosphoric acid) activated bagasse pith and date pits in the adsorption of water pollutants. The textural properties including porous parameters, monolayer equivalent surface area, total pore volumes, average pore radius, Methylene blue number and other physic-chemical characterization were investigated. The activated carbons were analyzed for moisture content, ash content. Ultimate analysis was done by using CHNS analyzer (Cairo University, Micro-analytical Center). To investigate the effect of phosphoric acid on the raw material, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermo gravimetric (DTG) recordings were determined. The adsorption of heavy metals as pollutants, including Co, Sr, Cu, Cs, Pb, Cd, Ni, Fe, Zn, was studied in a batch experiments. Comparison of date pits activated carbon with commercial activated carbon was done, and the results indicated that using of prepared activated carbon for removal of Co, Sr, Cu, Cs, Pb, Cd, Ni,  Fe, Zn was  more effective than commercial activated carbon.

scholarly journals Solid-State Compounding for Recycling of Sawdust Waste into Green Packaging Composites

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1386
Author(s):  
Rula M. Allaf ◽  
Mohammad Futian
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Green Packaging ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

The present study explores solid-state cryomilling for the compounding of green composites. Herein, wood plastic composites (WPCs) composed of sawdust (SD) and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) with various compositions were prepared. Two compounding techniques, namely, extrusion and cryomilling, were utilized to prepare WPC raw material pellets and powders, respectively, for comparison purposes. Flat pressing was further utilized to prepare WPC films for testing. Morphological, structural, thermal, mechanical, and surface wettability properties were investigated. Results indicate the advantages of cryomilling in producing WPCs. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) along with optical micrographs revealed well ground SD particles and uniform distribution in the PCL matrix. Tensile strength and elongation at break of the composites declined with increasing SD content, however, the modulus of elasticity significantly increased. Water contact angles averaged less than 90°, implying partial wetting. Visual observations and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated thermal stability of composites during processing. In conclusion, PCL/SD WPC is a potential candidate to replace conventional plastics for packaging applications. This would also provide a much better utilization of the currently undervalued wood waste resources.

Preparation and Characterization of Al2O3 High Density Ceramic Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 457-458 ◽  
pp. 266-269
Author(s):  
Chun Yan Jia ◽  
Dong Hong Li ◽  
Yong He Liu
Keyword(s):  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Alumina ◽  
Molding Pressure ◽  
Alumina Powder ◽  
Alumina Ceramics ◽  
Shrinkage Ratio ◽  
Isostatic Compaction

With sub-micron alumina powder as raw material, high alumina ceramics were prepared through isostatic compaction. The volume density and shrinkage ratio were investigated. The influence of sintering temperature and molding pressure were studied on volume density and shrinkage ratio of ceramic. The results indicated that sintering characteristic of alumina ceramics could be improved at the appropriate sintering temperature and molding pressure and its sintering temperature could be decreased by using sub-micron alumina powder as raw material. 95 ceramics were prepared using sub-micron alumina as raw material, when the sintering temperature was 1550°C, molding pressure was 12 t, and ceramic volume density could be achieved 3.71g /cm3.

scholarly journals The chemometric study of limestone physico-chemical properties and thermal behavior for application in construction composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Radulovic ◽  
Anja Terzic ◽  
Lato Pezo ◽  
Ljubisa Andric ◽  
Irena Grigorova
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cement Clinker ◽  
Instrumental Method ◽  
Factor Space ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Concrete Production

The limestone, as an economically sustainable and easily available basic raw material, is frequently utilized in the building industry for resolving of the environmental protection issues. The limestone is incorporated in a cementitious system either by grinding with cement clinker, or by blending with the binder during concrete production. The employing of powdery limestone as partial cement replacement gives the construction composites with properties comparable to that of conventional concrete. The study of limestone thermal behavior and its chemistry is crucial for the prognosis of the designed composites properties. In this work, the instrumental techniques (atomic emission spectroscopy, differential thermal and thermo-gravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) and the Principal component analysis were employed to discriminate and classify 22 limestone types. The PCA statistical method, as a means of spectra and experimental data fingerprinting, grouped the samples in a multi-dimensional factor space producing four graphical prognosis - one for each instrumental method. DTA/TG peak values varied the most in a short range between 830-870?C, while FTIR spectra showed the highest diversity in the 867-887 cm-1 and 1237-1647 cm-1 ranges. This research was governed by an idea to reveal whether it is possible to differentiate various limestone types and to predict the possibility of their employment in construction composites on the basis of the results of instrumental and mathematical analyses.

Production of Ceramic Materials Using only Waste as Raw Materials

2015 ◽  
Vol 663 ◽  
pp. 62-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Galán-Arboledas ◽  
Salvador Bueno
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Equilibrium Diagram ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry

From a selection of inorganic industrial waste (screen glass, steelworks ashes, coal power plant ashes, biomass power plant ash and sludge from cutting marble industry) and a waste with organic fraction (diatomaceous earth from oil filtration) it is expected to obtain ceramic materials with properties similar to those of ceramic materials used in construction and porous materials with thermal insulating capability. The ternary phase equilibrium diagram SiO2-Al2O3-CaO has been used as the main tool for the formulation of these materials. The dynamic sintering study was carried out using dilatometry techniques (DIL), thermo gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC). Characterization of the manufactured material allows determining a set of basic technological properties such as fired bulk density, water absorption capacity and bending strength, in addition to thermal conductivity and microstructure by SEM-EDX, in order to obtain the necessary data to determine technical feasibility.

Preparation of α-Al2O3 Powders via Non-Hydrolytic Sol-Gel Method

2015 ◽  
Vol 1104 ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Qing Zhou ◽  
Ting Chen ◽  
Wei Hui Jiang ◽  
Jian Min Liu ◽  
Xiao Jun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Corundum Structure ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Peg 600

Corundum structurealumina (α-Al2O3) powders were prepared via a non-hydrolytic sol-gel (NHSG) method using aluminum as raw material, ethanol as solvent, and iodine as catalyst. X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermo gravimetric analysis (TG) were used to characterize the crystal phase of the products, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were employed to analyze the morphology. The results indicated that γ-Al2O3 was completely changed to α-Al2O3 at 1100 o C with a bit of aggregation. When 3 wt.% polyethylene glycol 600 (PEG 600) was introduced on the NHSG process, the dispersion was improved and the particle size decreased to100 nm.

PROCESS FOR CHROMIUM (VI) REMOVAL FROM MECHANIZED TANNERY WASTEWATER USING ACTIVATED CARBON OBTAINED FROM TANNERY SOLID WASTES

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 364-371
Author(s):  
Yakubu Abdulkadir ◽  
K. A. Bichi ◽  
F. H. Garba ◽  
Y. C. Itopa ◽  
Y. U. Jibrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Fourier Transforms ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Physical Activation ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Adsorbent Surface

This study offers an integrated process for treatment and recycling of tannery waste, it has a dual purpose. First the activated carbon has been prepared from leather shaving and buffing dust by physical activation. Both the raw material (leather waste) and the prepared activated carbon were analyzed by DTG, Thermo Gravimetric Analysis TGA, and scanning electron microscope. The adsorption tests of methylene blue and iodine onto the raw material and the prepared adsorbent were carried out and it was found that the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon was enhanced by the physical activation. The Activated Carbon was then characterized by equation of Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area was found to be 491.05 and 242.60 m2/g for activated carbons prepared from Leather Savings and Buffing Dust respectively and the functional groups on the adsorbent surface were mainly CN, NH, OH, CO and CS. Secondly, the performance of the prepared activated carbon was assessed by adsorption of chromium (VI) from a synthetic solution, and then the chromium (III) present in the tanning effluent. The results revealed a decrease of chromium by 76% and 73% for the activated carbons prepared from Leather Savings and Buffing Dust, respectively

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