A Study on the Volume and Water-Holding Properties of Litter Layer for Larix Kaempferi Forests of Eastern Region in Liaoning Province

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 3298-3303
Author(s):  
Shu Rong Hui ◽  
Wei Jia Wang ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
Zhong Wei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Forest Type ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Liaoning Province ◽  
Larix Kaempferi ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Litter Layer ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Mature Forest ◽  
Young Forest ◽  
Water Holding

A Study on the volume and water-holding properties of Litter Layer for Larix Kaempferi Forests of Eastern Region in Liaoning Province. It was showed that the vo1ume and water-holding capability of the litter layer for the 6 forest type are all indicating to the semi-decomposed litter higher than the undercomposed litter. The litter vo1ume of different forest types was ranged from 27.24 t•hm-2 to 50.00 t•hm-2, the maximum was the cloudy slope of the half-mature forest, the minimum was the sunny slope of young forest. Different forest types’ litter layer exhibited significant different in water-holding capacity, the undecomposed litter layer displayed for the cloudy slope of the half-mature forest had maximum water-holding capacity which reached 29.74 t•hm-2, and the minimum was 14.78 t•hm-2 which came from the sunny slope of young forest. For the semi-decomposed litter layer, the maximum was the cloudy slope of the near-mature forest, which reached 29.74 t•hm-2 and the minimum was only 29.86 t•hm-2 came from the sunny slope of the young forest. By carefully analysis of experimental results and fitted relational expression of test data, we could get the equation was WA=a t b between rate of water absorbability of litter and immersion time in different forest types.

scholarly journals Litter Ecohydrological Function Characteristics of Three Typical Plant Communities in The Core Area of Five-Hundred-Meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope from Guizhou, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianli Zhang ◽  
Ting Zhang ◽  
Lihua Pu ◽  
Lingbin Yan ◽  
Guojun Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Litter Layer ◽  
Broad Leaved Forest ◽  
Maximum Water ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Leaved Forest

Abstract Taking the litter layer of three typical plant communities (broad-leaved forest, coniferous forest, and shrubs) as the research object, this study analyzed the hydrological function characteristics of the litter layers of different typical plant communities using the indoor immersion method in order to reveal the effects of the traits of the litter layer on the hydrological functions of typical plant communities in the core area. The results showed that: (1) the litter reserve change trend decreased in order as follows: broad-leaved forest (13.31 ± 1.54 t/hm2) > shrubs (12.62 ± 2.34 t/hm2) > coniferous forest (11.36 ± 1.43 t/hm2). The coniferous forest and shrub litter reserves increased significantly with the increase of decomposition degree (F = 19.36, P < 0.01; and F = 9.19, P < 0.01, respectively), while the broad-leaved forest litter reserves decreased first and then increased significantly with the increase of decomposition degree (F = 25.70, P < 0.01); (2) the litter natural moisture content change trends were as follows: shrubs (34.09 ± 4.31 t/hm2) > broad-leaved forest (31.32 ± 1.76 t/hm2) > coniferous forest (29.48 ± 7.02 t/hm2). The change trends of the maximum water-holding capacity, maximum interception amount, maximum interception rate, effective interception amount, and effective interception rate were in descending order as follows: broad-leaved forest > shrubs > coniferous forest. The maximum water-holding capacity, maximum interception amount, and effective interception amount of litter rose with the increase of decomposition degree. The broad-leaved forest community litter layer had the strongest rainfall interception function and the best hydrological service functions. The interception function was stronger with the increase of the decomposition degree of the litter layer; (3) the water-holding and water-releasing capacity variation of the litter layers manifested as reversed “J” features for the three typical plant communities. The water-holding capacity of different plant community litter layers (Qct) was significantly positively correlated with time (t) (P < 0.01), and the equation was Qct = b + alnt, whereas the water-releasing capacity of different plant community litter layers (Qst) was significantly positively correlated with time (t) (P < 0.01), and the equation was Qst = a t b; and (4) the water absorption and release rates of the litter layers had four periods. The water absorption rate (v) was significantly negatively correlated with time (t) (P < 0.01), and the equation was v = a t− b, while the water release rate was the same. The water absorption and release rates differed by one order of magnitude in the first 5 min, exhibiting the greatest regulation and storage function, while the rate differed by only 2.1–4.5 times during the last three periods. This shows that the litter layer has the strongest rainfall regulation and storage function for only a short period of time before declining.

scholarly journals Mapping Forest Composition with Landsat Time Series: An Evaluation of Seasonal Composites and Harmonic Regression

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryce Adams ◽  
Louis Iverson ◽  
Stephen Matthews ◽  
Matthew Peters ◽  
Anantha Prasad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Feature Space ◽  
Forest Composition ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Young Forest ◽  
Thematic Resolution

The Landsat program has long supported pioneering research on the recovery of forest information by remote sensing technologies for several decades, and efforts to improve the thematic resolution and accuracy of forest compositional products remains an area of continued innovation. Recent development and application of Landsat time series analysis offers unique opportunities for quantifying seasonality and trend components among different forest types for developing alternative feature sets for forest vegetation mapping. Within a large forested landscape in Southeastern Ohio, USA, we examined the use of harmonic metrics developed from time series of all available Landsat-8 observations (2013–2019) relative to seasonal image composites, including accompanying spectral components and vegetation indices. A reference dataset among three sources was integrated and used to categorize forest inventory data into seven forest type classes and gradient compositional response. Results showed that the combination of harmonic metrics and topographic variables achieved an accuracy agreement with the reference data of 74.9% relative to seasonal composites (71.6%) and spectral indices (70.3%). Differences in agreement were attributed to improved discrimination of three heterogeneous upland hardwood classes and an early-successional, young forest class, all forest types of primary interest among managers across the region. Variable importance metrics often identified the cosine and sine terms that quantify the seasonality in spectral values in the harmonic feature space, suggesting these aspects best support the characterization of forest types at greater thematic detail than seasonal compositing procedures. This study demonstrates how advanced time series metrics can improve forest type modeling and forest gradient quantifications, thus showcasing a need for continued exploration of such approaches across different forest types.

scholarly journals Multi-taxon conservation in northern forest hot-spots: the role of forest characteristics and spatial scales

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Kärvemo ◽  
Mari Jönsson ◽  
Anne-Maarit Hekkala ◽  
Jörgen Sjögren ◽  
Joachim Strengbom
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Mature Forest ◽  
Species Groups

Abstract Context Biodiversity is highly affected by industrial forestry, which leads to the loss and fragmentation of natural habitats. To date, most conservation studies have evaluated associations among a single species group, forest type, or spatial scale. Objective The objective was to evaluate the richness of multiple species groups across various forest types and characteristics at multiple scales. Methods We used the occurrence data for 277 species of conservation interest from 455 stands of high conservation value, including four species groups and four forest types. Results Local, landscape, and regional forest characteristics influenced biodiversity in a non-uniform pattern among species groups and forest types. For example, an increased local spruce basal area in spruce forests was associated with higher vascular plant and bryophyte richness values, whereas macrofungi and lichen richness were positively correlated with deadwood availability, but negatively correlated with the spruce volume in the landscape. Furthermore, landscapes with twice as much mature forest as the average, had more than 50% higher richness values for vascular plants, macrofungi, and lichens. Conclusion Among sessile species groups in northern forests, a uniform conservation strategy across forest types and scales is suboptimal. A multi-faceted strategy that acknowledges differences among species groups and forest types with tailored measures to promote richness is likely to be more successful. Nevertheless, the single most common measure associated with high richness across the species groups and forest types was mature forest in the landscape, which suggests that increasing old forests in the landscape is a beneficial conservation strategy.

Kualitas Fisik Daging Ayam Broiler yang Diberi Minyak Buah Merah dalam Pakan Komersial

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Abdul Rahman Ollong ◽  
Rizki Arizona ◽  
Rusli Badaruddin
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Cooking Loss ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
Fruit Oil ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Range Test

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan minyak buah merah (MBM) pada pakan terhadap kualitas fisik daging ayam broiler. Seratus ekor ayam broiler umur sehari (DOC) ditempatkan pada lima kelompok perlakuan pakan yang berbeda, yaitu: P1 (pakan kontrol/tanpa penambahan minyak), P2 (2% MBM), P3 (4% MBM), P4 (6% MBM) dan P5 (6% Minyak kelapa sawit). Setiap kelompok perlakuan terdiri dari empat ulangan masing-masing dengan lima ekor. Ayam broiler dipelihara selama 35 hari. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan analisis variansi pola searah dan diuji lanjut dengan Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua variable yang diamati menunjukkan adanya pengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap perlakuan yang diberikan. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan minyak buah merah (MBM) dalam pakan mampu memberikan pengaruh terhadap pH Daging, Daya Ikat Air (DIA), susut masak dan keempukan daging ayam broiler.Kata kunci : daging ayam broiler, daya ikat air, keempukan daging, pH daging, susut masakABSTRACT The experiment was conducted to study the effect of red fruit oil (RFO) onphysical quality  of broiler chicken. One hundred day old chicken (DOC) were placed in four groups of different treatments, of from levels of RFO (P1 (diet without addition of RFO), P2 (2% RFO), P3 (4% RFO) and P4 (6% RFO) and P5 (6% Palm oil)). The treatment group consisted of fivereplications with five birds each. Broiler chickens were reared for 35 days. Statistical analysis used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and followed by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that the pH value, moisture content, water holding capacity, and cooking loss was significant differences. It could be concluded that the addition of red fruit oil in the diet give effect  of broiler chicken meat.Keywords: broiler meat, cooking loss, moisture content, pH value, water holding capacity

Image Enhancement Applied to Water Holding Capacity Images

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renan G. de Andrade ◽  
Mariah C. Durval ◽  
Isaura M. Ferreira ◽  
Robson C. Antunes ◽  
Andre R. Backes
Keyword(s):  
Image Enhancement ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Water Holding

Impact of postmortem degradation of cytoskeletal proteins on intracellular gap, drip channel and water-holding capacity

Meat Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 108472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boruo Yang ◽  
Tao Chen ◽  
Huanjian Li ◽  
Yanqing Li ◽  
Runan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Cytoskeletal Proteins ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Water Holding

Effect of the rice flour particle size and variety type on water holding capacity and water diffusivity in aqueous dispersions

LWT ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 111082
Author(s):  
Barbora Lapčíková ◽  
Lubomír Lapčík ◽  
Tomáš Valenta ◽  
Petr Majar ◽  
Kristýna Ondroušková
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Rice Flour ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Aqueous Dispersions ◽  
Water Diffusivity ◽  
Water Holding

scholarly journals Nutritional and Rheological Features of Lentil Protein Isolate for Yoghurt-Like Application

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1692
Author(s):  
Theresa Boeck ◽  
Emanuele Zannini ◽  
Aylin W. Sahin ◽  
Juergen Bez ◽  
Elke K. Arendt
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Small Deformation ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Deformation Analysis ◽  
Water Holding

The substitution of animal protein with proteins of plant origin is a viable way to decrease the negative impact caused by animal husbandry on the environment. Pulse consumption has been widely promoted as a nutritious contribution to protein supplementation. In this study, an emulsion of lentil (Lens culinaris) protein isolate is fermented with lactic acid bacteria (LAB) to manufacture a yoghurt alternative and the techno-functional properties compared to a dairy- and a soy-based product with similar protein contents. The yoghurt-like products are subjected to large and small deformation analysis, quantification of fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAP), water holding capacity tests, protein profile analysis and the gel structure is visualised by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The lentil yoghurt alternative shows good water holding capacity, high firmness and consistency values in large deformation analysis, with cohesiveness and viscosity not significantly different from that of dairy yoghurt. The high gel strength and rigidity of the lentil yoghurt gels measured by small deformation analysis is well-reflected in the dense protein matrix in the CLSM graphs. FODMAP content of the lentil yoghurt is very low, making it suitable for consumption by irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients. Our results show that lentil protein isolate is an excellent base material for producing a plant-based yoghurt alternative.

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