Preparation and Optimization of a Live Newcastle Disease Virus Vaccine Encapsulated in Chitosan Nanoparticles

2013 ◽  
Vol 662 ◽  
pp. 149-152
Author(s):  
Yan Hao ◽  
Hao Wu ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Xiao Mei Luo ◽  
Kai Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Virus Vaccine ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Ionic Gelation ◽  
Synthetic Vaccines ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Newcastle Disease Virus Vaccine

In this study, the researcher’s interest is focused on establishing a model with La Sota live vaccine immobilized into chitosan, which was prepared using a ionic gelation method. The formulation, preparation procedure, influence factors, physicochemical characteristics were evaluated. The results of study demonstrate that the NDV-CS-NPs have been produced with suitable size, morphous regulation, extremely spherical shape, regular and well-distributed. The NDV-CS-NPs produced by the optimal formulation were average size (371.1nm) and proper zata potential (+2.84 mV). The entrapment efficiency was (74±3.7) %. It can provide a new useful information for the development and evaluation of synthetic vaccines.

Hyaluronic Acid Modified Risedronate and Teriparatide Co-loaded Nanocarriers for Improved Osteogenic Differentiation of Osteoblasts for the Treatment of Osteoporosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (27) ◽  
pp. 2975-2988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed A.S. Abourehab
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Drug Regimen ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Treatment Of Osteoporosis ◽  
Specific Distribution

Background: Owing to its multifactorial intricate pathogenesis, combined therapeutic regimen is considered appropriate for the treatment of osteoporosis. However, a multi-drug regimen is also associated with adverse effects due to the non-specific distribution of drugs. Therefore, the present study aims for efficient codelivery of risedronate (RDN) (a potent bone anti-resorptive drug) and teriparatide (TPD) (anabolic agent) as hyaluronic acid (HA)-modified chitosan nanoparticles (NPs). Methods: RDN/TPD NPs were synthesized using the high- pressure homogenization – solvent evaporation technique. The fabricated NPs were then characterized and optimized for suitable physicochemical characteristics. The optimized NPs were then evaluated for bone remodeling potential via assessment of time-mannered modulation in proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization of osteoblasts. Results: Results showed that HA-RDN/TPD NPs exhibited excellent physicochemical characteristics (nanoscopic size, stable zeta potential, high entrapment efficiency, and smooth spherical shape) and remained stable upon storage in the refrigerator. Assessment of various aspects of the cell growth cycle (i.e., proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization) evidenced promising bone regeneration efficacy of HA-RDN/TPD NPs. Conclusion: This new strategy of employing simultaneous delivery of anti-resorptive and bone-forming agents would open new horizons for scientists, researchers, and healthcare providers as an efficient pharmacotherapy for the treatment of osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Implementation of experimental design methodology in preparation and characterization of zolmitriptan loaded chitosan nanoparticles

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satish K. Mandlik ◽  
Nisharani S. Ranpise
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Fickian Diffusion ◽  
Contour Plots

The present study investigated the implementation of 32 factorial design of experiment and statistical analysis for the optimization of chitosan nanoparticles containing zolmitriptan an antimigraine drug. The influence of chitosan concentration (X1) and sodium tripoly phosphate (X2) on responses namely nanoparticle size (Y1), and entrapment efficiency (Y2), was studied. As per design, nine runs of nanoparticles were prepared by modified ionic gelation method using high speed vortex mixing. The particle size was found in the range of 151-880 nm and entrapment efficiency was 72.3-81.2%. A statistical analysis was performed using licensed design expert software V.8.0 with respect to ANOVA, regression analysis. The contour plots and response surface plots showed visual representation of relationship between the experimental responses and the set of independent variables. Regression model equations were validated by a numerical and graphical optimization method. Further, optimized drug loaded nanoparticles showed +23.7mV zeta potential indicating storage stability, electron micrograph reflects spherical shape and mixed type of drug release followed by Fickian diffusion (n=0.266) was observed. Thus, using systematic factorial design approach, desirable goals can be achieved in shortest possible time with lesser number of experiments which was proven to be an effective tool in quality by design.Mandlik and Ranpise, International Current Pharmaceutical Journal, February 2017, 6(3): 16-22http://www.icpjonline.com/documents/Vol6Issue3/01.pdf

scholarly journals Preparasi dan Karakterisasi Mikroenkapsulasi Asam Mefenamat Menggunakan Polimer Kitosan dan Natrium Alginat dengan Metode Gelasi Ionik

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Aulia Mardikasari
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Active Substance ◽  
Mefenamic Acid ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Ionic Gelation ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs

Mefenamic acid belongs to a class of the Non-steroidal Anti-Inflammatory drugs that work as an analgesic. But mefenamic acid can cause gastrointestinal disorders, has unpleasant odors and tastes and sensitive to the influence of light and temperature. Microencapsulation technology is a technique where the active substance is coated by a thin layer so that the active substance is protected from environmental influences. The aim of this research was to formulate and characterize mefenamic acid in the form of microencapsulation using ionic gelation methods. Preparation was done by comparing 3 variations of concentrations of sodium alginate polymers. Success parameters include the entrapment efficiency, particle shape, particle size distribution, and dissolution test. The results showed that the entrapment efficiency  respectively 98,69%,  96,38%  and 93,98%, with spherical shape, and particle size that fulfilled the microencapsulation size range of 1,268 μm, 1,343 μm and 1.386 μm and the release of the active ingredients in an acidic medium of pH 1.2 was 8.811 mg/L, 6.751 mg/L and 5.965 mg/L, also on a base medium of pH 7.4  was 79.908 mg/L, 63.394 mg/L and 40,312 mg/L. So that microencapsulation of mefenamic acid can be prepared with polymer chitosan and sodium alginate using the ionic gelation method.

scholarly journals Oregano (Origanum vulgar subsp. viride) Essential Oil: Extraction, Preparation, Characterization, and Encapsulation by Chitosan-Carbomer Nanoparticles for Biomedical Application

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Sharififard ◽  
Maryam Kouchak ◽  
Ismaeil Alizadeh ◽  
Elham Jahanifard
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Ionic Gelation ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
Natural Agents ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Average Size

Background: Plant essential oils (EOs) as natural agents have broad activity, including antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, insecticidal, and repellency activities because of their chemical compositions. Objectives: The objective of this study was to increase the stability of Origanum vulgar subsp. viride EOs by encapsulation in chitosan-carbomer nanoparticles by ionic gelation method. Methods: The EOs from dried leaves of O. vulgar subsp. Viride were extracted by hydro-distillation method, and EO components were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Besides, OEO-loaded chitosan (CS) nano-capsules were prepared using the ionic gelation method. The molecular structure and morphology of nanoparticles were characterized by Fourier Transform-Infrared (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The encapsulation efficiency (EE), loading capacity (LC) of the OEO-loaded CS nanoparticles, and their release profiles were determined using UV/Vis spectrophotometry. Results: The major components of OEO were thymol (20.53%), 4-terpinenol (20.28%), and γ-terpinene (12.22%). The percentages of EE and LC of OEO ranged from 99.25 ± 0.74 to 93.84 ± 0.71 and 38.02 ± 0.18 to 66.73 ± 0.51, respectively, with increasing the OEO to chitosan ratio from 1:0.0.01 to 1:0.0.04 W/V. The nanoparticles were regular, uniform, and spherical in shape with an average size of 134 to 181 nm, which were dispersed throughout the solution. The zeta potential values for blank chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) and OEO-loaded CSNPs were +23.4 and +38.5 mV, respectively. Conclusions: The results confirmed the suitability of the CS-carbomer complex for OEO- CSNPs formation. It is recommended to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of developed OEO nanoparticles in laboratory and field studies.

scholarly journals Antiproliferative effects of boswellic acid-loaded chitosan nanoparticles on human lung cancer cell line A549

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 2019-2034
Author(s):  
Neeta Solanki ◽  
Meenu Mehta ◽  
Dinesh Kumar Chellappan ◽  
Gaurav Gupta ◽  
Nicole G Hansbro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Lung Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Human Lung Cancer ◽  
Antiproliferative Effects ◽  
Boswellic Acids ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Central Composite

Aim: In the present study boswellic acids-loaded chitosan nanoparticles were synthesized using ionic gelation technique. The influence of independent variables were studied and optimized on dependent variables using central composite design. Methodology & results: The designed nanoparticles were observed spherical in shape with an average size of 67.5–187.2 nm and have also shown an excellent entrapment efficiency (80.06 ± 0.48). The cytotoxicity assay revealed enhanced cytotoxicity for drug-loaded nanoparticles in contrast to the free drug having an IC50 value of 17.29 and 29.59 μM, respectively. Flow cytometry confirmed that treatment of cells with 40 μg/ml had arrested 22.75 ± 0.3% at SubG0 phase of the cell cycle when compared with untreated A459 cells. The observed results justified the boswellic acids-loaded chitosan nanoparticles were effective due to greater cellular uptake, sustained intercellular drug retention and enhanced antiproliferative effect by inducing apoptosis.

scholarly journals Preparation of insulin loaded chitosan- TPP nanoparticles by ionic gelation method

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-134
Author(s):  
Trang Thi Huyen Dinh ◽  
Hao Duc Nguyen ◽  
Hieu Van Le ◽  
Ha Thanh Ho
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Sodium Tripolyphosphate ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Ionic Gelation ◽  
Chitosan Concentration

In study, insulin loaded chitosan nanoparticles were prepared via ionic gelation method using cross-linking agent sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP). To have best result for the preparation of nanoparticles, a commercial chitosan with a degree of deacetylation DD of 75 % was adjusted to 85 % - 90 % which was determined by FTIR method. The obtained deacetylated chitosan was studied for the effect of pH, concentration, ratio of chitosan and STPP. Then the insulin loaded chitosan TPP nanoparticles were prepared by ionic gelation method. These nanoparticles could deliver 91.6 % insulin at pH = 3.5, with the chitosan concentration of 1 mg/mL and the chitosan:STPP ratio of 4:1. The TEMs indicate that chitosan nanoparticles were spherical in shape and the particles size was smaller than 100 nm. Investigation of FTIR and entrapment efficiency assert that insulin loaded chitosan nanopartiles have been prepared and can become a drug delivery system via oral in the future.

Development and Evaluation of Nanoparticle-Loaded Hydrogel of Co-trimoxazole

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3131-3141
Author(s):  
Prajeesh Kumar ◽  
Raj K. Narang ◽  
Shivansh Swamy
Keyword(s):  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sustained Drug Release ◽  
Accelerate Wound Healing ◽  
Carbopol 940 ◽  
Hydrogel Formulation ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Study Development

In this study, development of nanoparticle loaded hydrogel of Cotrimoxazole that could simultaneously deliver trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole at the site of wound to promote and accelerate wound healing is planned. Chitosan nanoparticles loaded with Co-trimoxazole were prepared by ionic gelation method. Chitosan nanoparticles were optimized and F5 formulation was selected 5:1 Chitosan TPP ratio for this Homogenization speed was kept at 5000 rpm and an average size of 209.8 ± 34.6 was obtained, PDI was found to be 0.26 ± 0.04, the zeta potential of the nanoparticles was found to be + 24.7 ± 3.12 and the entrapment efficiency of 89.7 ± 3.1 % was seen. Hydrogel was prepared and optimized on the basis of Conc. of Carbopol 940 1.2%, viscosity 14.953 ± 0.51, pH 5.9 ± 0.04, Swelling index 250 ± 4.71 and Spreadability 34 ± 3.5. Antimicrobial study and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) were performed and it was observed that the MIC of Co-trimoxazole was 2 µg/mL and the hydrogel formulation showed maximum zone of inhibition 3.7 ± 0.3 after 72 hours against plain drug and marketed formulation. The rate of wound contraction was calculated in percentage and at 15th day the control group had 72% ± 3.9%, Marketed formulation group had 36% ± 5.2% and the hydrogel formulation had reduced the wound size to mere 4% ± 1.3% only. Hydrogel loaded with nanoparticles of Co-trimoxazole that possessed optimum rheology and provided sustained drug release was successfully prepared. The developed hydrogel formulation was found to heal the wound 1.5 times faster than the marketed formulation thus providing us with a better alternative to other conventional wound dressings.

scholarly journals Bactericidal Activity of Usnic Acid-Chitosan Nanoparticles against Persister Cells of Biofilm-Forming Pathogenic Bacteria

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 270
Author(s):  
Fazlurrahman Khan ◽  
Hongsik Yu ◽  
Young-Mog Kim
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Usnic Acid ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Persister Cells ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Average Size

The present study aimed to prepare usnic acid (UA)-loaded chitosan (CS) nanoparticles (UA-CS NPs) and evaluate its antibacterial activity against biofilm-forming pathogenic bacteria. UA-CS NPs were prepared through simple ionic gelification of UA with CS, and further characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and field-emission transmission electron microscopy. The UA-CS NPs presented a loading capacity (LC) of 5.2%, encapsulation efficiency (EE) of 24%, and a spherical shape and rough surface. The maximum release of UA was higher in pH 1.2 buffer solution as compared to that in pH 6.8 and 7.4 buffer solution. The average size and zeta potential of the UA-CS NPs was 311.5 ± 49.9 nm in diameter and +27.3 ± 0.8 mV, respectively. The newly prepared UA-CS NPs exhibited antibacterial activity against persister cells obtained from the stationary phase in batch culture, mature biofilms, and antibiotic-induced gram-positive and gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. Exposure of sub-inhibitory concentrations of UA-CS NPs to the bacterial cells resulted in a change in morphology. The present study suggests an alternative method for the application of UA into nanoparticles. Furthermore, the anti-persister activity of UA-CS NPs may be another possible strategy for the treatment of infections caused by biofilm-forming pathogenic bacteria.

scholarly journals MIMICRY OF FISH LARVAE LIVE FOOD WITH PARTICLES OBTAINED BY IONIC GELATION AND COATED WITH PROTEINS THROUGH ELECTROSTATIC INTERACTION

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
JULIANA BÜRGER TELLO ◽  
FERNANDO TELLO ◽  
NATÁLIA DE JESUS LEITÃO ◽  
MARIA CÉLIA PORTELLA ◽  
CARLOS RAIMUNDO FERREIRA GROSSO
Keyword(s):  
Electrostatic Interaction ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Fish Larvae ◽  
Whey Proteins ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Live Food ◽  
Ionic Gelation ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Average Size

In an attempt to mimic the proximate composition found in Artemia’s nauplii, a type of food commonly used in intensive rearing of fish larvae, inert diets were produced by ionic gelation using either low methoxyl amidated pectin or sodium alginate and subsequently coated with whey proteins by electrostatic interaction. The particles were morphologically characterized by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, showing spherical shape when moist or rehydrated. The resulting particles were characterized according to their proximate composition, average size, and rehydration behavior after freeze drying. The coated pectin and alginate particles, had sizes averaging 256.7 µm ± 17.1 and 241.9 µm ± 7.5, respectively, with no statistical difference. In relation to the contents of lipid, protein, dry-matter, and ash, the resulting particles were similar to the live food. However, an in vivo evaluation with fish larvae becomes necessary to confirm their suitability and functionality.

scholarly journals Mikroenkapsulasi Asam Mefenamat Menggunakan Polimer Kitosan dan Natrium Alginat dengan Metode Gelasi Ionik

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Aulia Mardikasari ◽  
Suryani ◽  
Nur Illiyyin Akib ◽  
Rezki Indahyani
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Active Substance ◽  
Mefenamic Acid ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Ionic Gelation ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs

Mefenamic acid belongs to a class of the Non-steroidal Anti-Inflammatory drugs that work as an analgesic. But mefenamic acid can cause gastrointestinal disorders, has unpleasant odors and tastes and sensitive to the influence of light and temperature. Microencapsulation technology is a technique where the active substance is coated by a thin layer so that the active substance is protected from environmental influences. The aim of this research was to formulate and characterize mefenamic acid in the form of microencapsulation using ionic gelation methods. Preparation was done by comparing 3 variations of concentrations of sodium alginate polymers. Success parameters include the entrapment efficiency, particle shape, particle size distribution, and dissolution test. The results showed that the entrapment efficiency  respectively 98,69%,  96,38%  and 93,98%, with spherical shape, and particle size that fulfilled the microencapsulation size range of 1,268 μm, 1,343 μm and 1.386 μm and the release of the active ingredients in an acidic medium of pH 1.2 was 8.811 mg/L, 6.751 mg/L and 5.965 mg/L, also on a base medium of pH 7.4  was 79.908 mg/L, 63.394 mg/L and 40,312 mg/L. So that microencapsulation of mefenamic acid can be prepared with polymer chitosan and sodium alginate using the ionic gelation method.

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