In Situ Application of Bioleaching for Improving the Quality of Quartz Sand

2009 ◽  
Vol 71-73 ◽  
pp. 497-500
Author(s):  
Iveta Štyriaková ◽  
Katarína Jablonovská ◽  
A. Mockovčiaková
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Iron Dissolution ◽  
Bacterial Removal ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Quartz Sands ◽  
In Situ Conditions ◽  
Basin Water ◽  
Fresh Surface

Quartz sands contain various iron and clay minerals which coat silicate grains or are impregnated in silicate matrix. Treatment by basin water bioleaching in combination with electromagnetic separation can substantially improve the quality of quartz sands. The purpose of this in-situ study was to evaluate the feasibility of using a biological basin treatment process to improve the quality of quartz sands. The environmental conditions involved the changes of climate temperature, using fresh surface water without disinfection, inhibition of algae and fungi, and promoting bacteria. Analyses of the solution phase were used to monitor the dissolution of iron during the bioleaching of the quartz sands and to optimize the in-situ conditions for the bacterial activity. The rate of iron dissolution varied with environmental conditions, with the addition of nitriloacetic acid (NTA)/l and organic feedstock in the form of molasses. Bacterial removal of clay and iron minerals can be used to expose the white surfaces of quartz grains. The quartz sands from the Šaštín deposit (Slovakia) were used in glass industry after decreasing the Fe content.

scholarly journals Environment Monitoring of Rose Crops Greenhouse Based on Autonomous Vehicles with a WSN and Data Analysis

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (20) ◽  
pp. 5905
Author(s):  
Paul D. Rosero-Montalvo ◽  
Vanessa C. Erazo-Chamorro ◽  
Vivian F. López-Batista ◽  
María N. Moreno-García ◽  
Diego H. Peluffo-Ordóñez
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Intelligent System ◽  
Autonomous Vehicle ◽  
Classification Performance ◽  
Analysis Process ◽  
Cultivation Process

This work presents a monitoring system for the environmental conditions of rose flower-cultivation in greenhouses. Its main objective is to improve the quality of the crops while regulating the production time. To this end, a system consisting of autonomous quadruped vehicles connected with a wireless sensor network (WSN) is developed, which supports the decision-making on type of action to be carried out in a greenhouse to maintain the appropriate environmental conditions for rose cultivation. A data analysis process was carried out, aimed at designing an in-situ intelligent system able to make proper decisions regarding the cultivation process. This process involves stages for balancing data, prototype selection, and supervised classification. The proposed system produces a significant reduction of data in the training set obtained by the WSN while reaching a high classification performance in real conditions—amounting to 90% and 97.5%, respectively. As a remarkable outcome, it is also provided an approach to ensure correct planning and selection of routes for the autonomous vehicle through the global positioning system.

scholarly journals Factors affecting bioleaching in the processing of non-metallics

2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Iveta Štyriaková
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Separation ◽  
Iron Removal ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Bacterial Leaching ◽  
Iron Dissolution ◽  
Electromagnetic Separation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Quartz Sands ◽  
Physicochemical Factors

Biotechnological treatment of non-metallics is based on bacterial leaching of raw material and dissolution of Fe. Bacterial iron dissolution ability is dependent on various physicochemical factors as temperature, acidity of solutions, redox potential, rapidity of water circulation and presence of organic sources. The Fe content in the quartz sands and feldspar samples by the biological leaching decreased as much as 60% and by subsequent using of electromagnetic separation of feldspars, the decrease of Fe content in 74% was achieved. However, the application of magnetic separation of quartz sands after bioleaching resulted in total iron removal of 93% and in such combined way prepared product contained 0.024 % of Fe2O3. Achieved results on iron removal point to the fact that combination of leaching and magnetic separation enables to obtain product usable in glass and ceramic industry.

Dissolution of iron from quartz sands by basin bioleaching under static in-situ conditions

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 443-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Štyriaková ◽  
K. Jablonovská ◽  
A. Mockovčiaková ◽  
A. Bekéniyová ◽  
I. Štyriak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quartz Sands ◽  
In Situ Conditions

scholarly journals The analysis on the correlation parameters of the embankment compaction under in situ conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 097-104
Author(s):  
Maciej Kumor ◽  
Łukasz Kumor ◽  
Joanna Farmas
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
In Situ Tests ◽  
Geotechnical Assessment ◽  
In Situ Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Correlation Parameters ◽  
And Control

Geotechnical assessment of the implementation correctness of a road embankment wide range of issues, among which important selection and control of the quality of the earthworks are extremely significant. The article presents results of in situ tests determining correlations between the depending parameters defined by a static plate – VSS test – E1 and E2, and obtained from the study LFG Dynamic Load Plate. Studies indicate that the determination of the correlation between the parameters characterizing the particle size distribution (Cc, Cu, D10, D20, D30, D60), and the compaction parameters obtained by examining the compaction of sand embankment (Evd, E1, E2, I0) is physically complex and hence extremely difficult. 

ENHANCING THE UNDERSTANDING OF ASPHALTENE PRECIPITATION: A NOVEL APPROACH UNDER IN-SITU CONDITIONS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohin Naveena-Chandran ◽  
◽  
Farrukh Hamza ◽  
Gibran Hashmi ◽  
Jason Rogers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Gauge ◽  
Equilibrium Composition ◽  
Flow Assurance ◽  
Fluid Sample ◽  
Asphaltene Precipitation ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Modeling Methods ◽  
In Situ Conditions

Flow assurance is a vital challenge that affects the viability of an asset in all oil producing environments. A proper understanding of asphaltene precipitation leading to deposition lends itself to reliable completions planning and timely remediation efforts. This ultimately dictates the production life of the reservoir. The Wireline Formation Tester (WFT) has traditionally aided the understanding of asphaltene composition in reservoir fluids through the collection of pressurized fluid samples. Moreover, the use of Downhole Fluid Analysis (DFA) during a fluid pumpout has augmented the understanding of soluble asphaltenes under in-situ flowing conditions. However, an accurate and representative measurement of Asphaltene Onset Pressure (AOP) has eluded the industry. Traditionally, this measurement has been determined post-acquisition through different laboratory techniques performed on a restored fluid sample. Although sound, there are inherent challenges that affect the quality of the results. These challenges primarily include the need to restore samples to reservoir conditions, maintaining samples at equilibrium composition, and the destruction of fluid samples through inadvertent asphaltene precipitation during transporting and handling. Hence, there is a need for WFT operations to deliver a source of reliable analysis, particularly in high-pressure/high-temperature (HP/HT) reservoirs, to avoid costly miscalculations. A premiere industry method to determine AOP under in-situ producible conditions is presented. Demonstrated in a Gulf of Mexico (GOM) reservoir, this novel technique mimics the gravimetric and light scattering methods, where a fluid sample is isothermally depressurized from initial reservoir pressure; simultaneously, DFA monitors asphaltene precipitation from solution and a high-precision pressure gauge records the onset of asphaltene precipitation. This measurement is provided continuously and in real time. An added advantage is that experiments are performed individually after obtaining a pressurized sample in distinct oil zones. Therefore, the execution of this downhole AOP experiment is independent of an already captured fluid sample and does not impact the quality of any later laboratory-based analysis. Once the measurements are obtained, these can be utilized in flow assurance modeling methods to describe asphaltene precipitation kinetics, and continuity of complex reservoirs. For the first time in literature, this study applies these modeling methods in combination with the AOP data acquired from a downhole WFT This approach has the potential to create a step change in reservoir analysis by providing AOP at the sand-face, along with insight that describe performance from asphaltene precipitation. The results of which have tremendous economic implications on production planning.

scholarly journals The Effects of Maturity and Preservation Method on Nutrient Composition and Digestibility of Master Graze

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
A. M. Salamone ◽  
Amer A. AbuGhazaleh ◽  
C. Stuemke
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Nutrient Composition ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Preservation Methods ◽  
Preservation Method ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
In Situ Conditions

The objective of experiment two was to evaluate the effects of maturity and harvest preservation method on Master Graze (MG) nutrient composition and digestibility. The MG was harvested on June 28 (Cut 1; 48 days), July 20 (Cut 2; 69 days), and August 12 (Cut 3; 92 days) and samples were then preserved using three different preservation methods (oven-dried hay (HAY), ensiled (SIL), or freeze dried (FD)) at each maturity. The collected samples were then analyzed for organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and lignin. The OM content was similar for Cut 2 and Cut 3 and both were higher (P < 0.01) than Cut 1 (92.4, 95.4 and 95.0% for cuts 1 to 3, respectively). The NDF content was highest (P < 0.05) with Cut 3 (63.1%) and was least (P < 0.05) with Cut 2 (60.1%). Cut 3 had a higher (P < 0.01) lignin content compared to both Cut 1 and Cut 2 (3.5, 3.4 and 4.1%, respectively). Crude protein content was higher (P < 0.01) for Cut 1 than Cut 2 and Cut 3 (8.0, 6.0, and 6.0%, respectively). The preservation method did not affect the CP or lignin content of the MG. The NDF content was highest (P < 0.01) with HAY (65.8%) and was least (P < 0.01) with FD (58.6%). The digestibility of the MG was measured under in situ conditions using one cow fitted with a rumen cannula. The ground oven-dried hay, ensiled and freeze dried samples were incubated in the rumen for 24 h using the mobile nylon bag techniques. The DM digestibility for Cut 1 and Cut 2 were higher (P < 0.01) than Cut 3 (70.0, 67.0 and 60.3%, respectively). The NDF digestibility was highest for Cut 1 and decreased (P < 0.01) with maturity (58.5, 51.6 and 43.8% for Cuts 1 to 3, respectively). Similarly, the CP digestibility was highest for Cut 1 and also decreased (P < 0.01) with maturity (68.3, 56.1 and 46.5% for Cuts 1 to 3, respectively). The DM and OM digestibility was higher (P < 0.04) with the FD in comparison to both HAY and SIL. Digestibility of NDF was not affected (P > 0.05) by preservation methods, while the CP digestibility was higher (P < 0.03) with the FD (61.6%) than the HAY (51.4%). In conclusion, the nutrient composition and digestibility of the MG were both affected by stage of the maturity and preservation method. The nutritional quality of MG decreased with advanced maturity and the MG digestibility was higher when FD preservation method was used.

Pengaruh Jenis Co-Solvent terhadap Rendemen dan Mutu Biodiesel secara Transesterifikasi In Situ Menggunakan Radiasi Gelombang Mikro

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-126
Author(s):  
Mahlinda Mahlinda ◽  
Fitriana Djafar
Keyword(s):  
Catalyst Concentration ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
In Situ Transesterification ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Solvent Type ◽  
Biodiesel Quality

The main purpose of this research was to observer effect co-solvent type (n-Hexane, chloroform and without co-solvent)  toward yield and quality of biodiesel via in situ transesterification process using microwave irradiation. The process was studied at microwave power 450 watt, reaction time 4 minutes, methanol to seed ratio 25:1 and catalyst concentration 5%. The physicochemical parameters of the biodiesel produced such as viscosity, density and acid value were analysed and compared with the SNI 7182-2012 standard. The experimental result showed the maximum yield biodiesel 78,32% obtained by using co-solvent chloroform.Test result of physicochemical properties (viscosity, density and acid value) of biodiesel products using co solvent n-Hexane, chloroform and without co solvent showed that these products conform to the SNI 7182-2012 standars. The type of co-solvent only affectedon biodiesel yield dan not affected on biodiesel quality (viscosity, density and acid value).  ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh jenis co-solvent (n-Hexane, chloroform dan tanpa co-solvent) terhadap rendemen dan mutu biodiesel secara trasesterifikasi in situ menggunakan radiasi gelombang mikro. Proses dilakukan pada daya gelombang mikro 450 watt, waktu reaksi 4 menit, perbandingan berat metanol terhadap bahan baku 25:1 dan jumlah katalis 5%. Parameter fisiko kimia dari produk biodiesel seperti viskositas, densitas dan angka asam di analisa dan dibandingkan dengan standar SNI 7182-2012 tentang biodiesel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rendemen maksimum biodiesel sebesar 78,32% diperoleh dengan menggunakan co-solvent chloroform. Hasil pengujian  karakteristik fisiko kimia (viskositas, densitas dan angka asam) dari produk biodiesel menggunakan co-solvent n-Hexane, chloroform dan tanpa co-solvent menunjukkan bahwa semua parameter ini masih memenuhi standar SNI 1782-2012 tentang biodiesel. Jenis co-solvent hanya berpengaruh pada rendemen biodiesel dan tidak berpengaruh terhadap mutu biodiesel (viskositas, densitas dan bilangan asam).Kata kunci: co-solvent, in situ transesterifikasi, microwave, rendemen, mutu   

Estudio del proceso de lavado de contenedores para eliminar tiempos y movimientos innecesarios, caso: Wash Containers S.A de C.V.

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
Juan Alfredo Lino-Gamiño ◽  
Carlos Méndez-González ◽  
Eduardo José Salazar-Araujo ◽  
Pablo Adrián Magaña-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Business Process ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Process Management ◽  
Core Business ◽  
The Core ◽  
Washing Process ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
The Times

In the value chain it is important to keep in mind the core business of the company, since it depends largely on the competitiveness of the company and its overall performance, bearing in mind that all business indicators depend on it. In this work we will study the washing process within the company WASH CONTAINERS SA DE CV, to improve the washing processes and in this way reduce times and movements in the process leading the company to reduce costs considerably within the operations company daily, having a more competitive operation and with greater profit margin in its business process. Goals: It Improve the logistics of the movement of containers for washing and with it the core business of the company. Methodology: The action research will be applied applying Business Process Management for the improvement of processes in situ, it will be developed in a certain period of time and with that it will establish an improvement projection. Contribution: The improvement of the times for the disposal of the containers and their subsequent use, allows a better competitiveness and with it the income of the company, on the other hand, the transport companies improve in performance in quantity, quality of disposition and with it their income.

scholarly journals Rock Surface Fungi in Deep Continental Biosphere—Exploration of Microbial Community Formation with Subsurface In Situ Biofilm Trap

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Maija Nuppunen-Puputti ◽  
Riikka Kietäväinen ◽  
Lotta Purkamo ◽  
Pauliina Rajala ◽  
Merja Itävaara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Debaryomyces Hansenii ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Rock Surface ◽  
Mica Schist ◽  
Deep Subsurface ◽  
Bacterial Phyla ◽  
In Situ Conditions

Fungi have an important role in nutrient cycling in most ecosystems on Earth, yet their ecology and functionality in deep continental subsurface remain unknown. Here, we report the first observations of active fungal colonization of mica schist in the deep continental biosphere and the ability of deep subsurface fungi to attach to rock surfaces under in situ conditions in groundwater at 500 and 967 m depth in Precambrian bedrock. We present an in situ subsurface biofilm trap, designed to reveal sessile microbial communities on rock surface in deep continental groundwater, using Outokumpu Deep Drill Hole, in eastern Finland, as a test site. The observed fungal phyla in Outokumpu subsurface were Basidiomycota, Ascomycota, and Mortierellomycota. In addition, significant proportion of the community represented unclassified Fungi. Sessile fungal communities on mica schist surfaces differed from the planktic fungal communities. The main bacterial phyla were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteriota. Biofilm formation on rock surfaces is a slow process and our results indicate that fungal and bacterial communities dominate the early surface attachment process, when pristine mineral surfaces are exposed to deep subsurface ecosystems. Various fungi showed statistically significant cross-kingdom correlation with both thiosulfate and sulfate reducing bacteria, e.g., SRB2 with fungi Debaryomyces hansenii.

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