A Preliminary Study of the Carbon-Based Solid Acid Preparation Process

2013 ◽  
Vol 734-737 ◽  
pp. 2236-2239
Author(s):  
Yong Li Li ◽  
Li Ping Mao ◽  
Cai Feng Xu ◽  
Shi You Li
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Acid Group ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Solid Carbon ◽  
Activity Temperature ◽  
Preliminary Study

Cotton and sulfuric acid that concentration is 98% as the raw material, to compare the resulting solid carbon sulfonic acid content of the material under different reaction temperatures. FTIR analysis shows that the cotton carbon is an amorphous carbon after sulfonation reactions, a sulfonic acid group present in the resulting material. When the sulfonation temperature is 170 °C, the prepared cotton carbon sulfonic acid has the highest acid content. By the sulfuric acid TG/DTG curve analysis, it verify: 170 °C is the highest activity temperature point of sulfuric acid sulfonation reaction.

scholarly journals Investigation of Friedel-Crafts Alkylation in the Presence of Supported Sulfonic Acid on Silica Gel

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1875-1884
Author(s):  
A. R. Kiasat ◽  
M. Karimi-Cheshmeali ◽  
R. Soleymani ◽  
H. Rajabzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Bond Formation ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Reaction Progress ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Layer Chromatography

From the Reaction between cellulose and chloro sulfonic acid was prepared sulfuric acid cellulose composition as a new solid acid. The solid acid supported on silica gel and then as an effective catalyst in Friedel-Crafts alkylation of alcohols and aromatic compounds was used. The reaction progress was controlled using thin layer chromatography and the reaction products were analyzed using IR spectroscopy devise. The results show this new catalyst is effective in the friedel crafts alkylation and C-C bond formation was done in short time with very good yields.

A solvent-free, one-step synthesis of sulfonic acid group-functionalized mesoporous organosilica with ultra-high acid concentrations and excellent catalytic activities

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1020-1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Wu ◽  
Fujian Liu ◽  
Xianfeng Yi ◽  
Yongcun Zou ◽  
Lilong Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Acid Group ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Sulfonic Acid Group ◽  
Green Solvent ◽  
Catalytic Activities ◽  
Mesoporous Organosilica ◽  
One Step

A green, solvent-free and rapid synthesis of highly sulfonic acid group-functionalized mesoporous organosilica, which act as efficient solid acid in biomass conversion and fine chemicals synthesis.

scholarly journals Synthesis of a sulfated-group-riched carbonaceous catalyst and its application in the esterification of succinic acid and fructose dehydration to form HMF

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huihui Liu ◽  
Qian Peng ◽  
Jiawen Ren ◽  
Bianfang Shi ◽  
Yanqin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Benzyl Chloride ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Acid Group ◽  
Xps Spectra ◽  
Amberlyst 15 ◽  
Carbonaceous Catalyst ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Fructose Dehydration

AbstractA novel sulfated-group-riched sulfonated carbonaceous catalyst with high acidic strength and adjustable ratio of acidic groups was designed in the paper, where glucose and benzyl chloride were hydrothermally carbonized first followed by sulfonation treatment. Various physicochemical techniques were used to characterize the catalyst such as IR, 13C MAS NMR and XPS spectra, NH3-TPD, XRD patterns and TG curve. Then, it was applied in the esterification of succinic acid and fructose dehydration to form HMF. Compared to commercial Amberlyst-15 catalyst, such carbonaceous solid acid exhibited excellent catalytic activity and thermal stability, which was attributed to its higher amount of sulfonic acid group.

Synthesis of Epoxy Sulfonated Phenolic Resin and it's Effects on the Coal-Water Slurry

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 2844-2847
Author(s):  
Guang Hua Zhang ◽  
Ting Shang ◽  
Long Liu
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Steric Hindrance ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Resin ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Water Slurry ◽  
Coal Particles ◽  
Coal Water Slurry ◽  
Mass Fractions ◽  
Sulfonic Acid Groups

As a kind of raw material, phenol was sulfonated by sulfuric acid, polymerized by fomaldehyde, and grafted by epoxy chloropropane to get the epichlorohydrin modified sulfonated phenolic resin dispersant, which is used in coal water slurry (CWS). Studies on rheological behaviours of CWS with different concentrations and syneresis rates during 72h storing were carried out to analyze the interaction between the dispersants and the surfaces of Shenhua coal of Shaanxi in China. The results show that the CWS had a syneresis rate of 5.9% and an apparent viscosity of 725mPa.S at a shearing rate of 100S-1 when the mass fractions of coals and dispersants are 64% and 0.5% respectively. Epoxy chains of the dispersant combine with the hydrophobic groups on coal surfaces and sulfonic acid groups of the dispersant are hydrophilic. This dispersant increases the stabilities of CWS effectively through steric hindrance effect to keep the coal particles from gathering.

Novel Solid Acid Catalysts: Sulfonic Acid Group-Functionalized Mesostructured Polymers

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 2455-2461 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Xing ◽  
N. Liu ◽  
Y. Liu ◽  
H. Wu ◽  
Y. Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Acid Group ◽  
Solid Acid Catalysts ◽  
Acid Catalysts ◽  
Sulfonic Acid Group

scholarly journals Pretreatment of Switchgrass for Production of Glucose via Sulfonic Acid-Impregnated Activated Carbon

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 504
Author(s):  
Yane Ansanay ◽  
Praveen Kolar ◽  
Ratna Sharma-Shivappa ◽  
Jay Cheng ◽  
Consuelo Arellano
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Methanesulfonic Acid ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Acid Catalysts ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Carbon Catalysts ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

In the present research, activated carbon-supported sulfonic acid catalysts were synthesized and tested as pretreatment agents for the conversion of switchgrass into glucose. The catalysts were synthesized by reacting sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, and p-toluenesulfonic acid with activated carbon. The characterization of catalysts suggested an increase in surface acidities, while surface area and pore volumes decreased because of sulfonation. Batch experiments were performed in 125 mL serum bottles to investigate the effects of temperature (30, 60, and 90 °C), reaction time (90 and 120 min) on the yields of glucose. Enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated switchgrass using Ctec2 yielded up to 57.13% glucose. Durability tests indicated that sulfonic solid-impregnated carbon catalysts were able to maintain activity even after three cycles. From the results obtained, the solid acid catalysts appear to serve as effective pretreatment agents and can potentially reduce the use of conventional liquid acids and bases in biomass-into-biofuel production.

scholarly journals Preliminary Study on Gold Recovery from High Grade E-Waste by Thiourea Leaching and Electrowinning

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Nicolò Maria Ippolito ◽  
Ionela Birloaga ◽  
Francesco Ferella ◽  
Marcello Centofanti ◽  
Francesco Vegliò
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Leach Solution ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Gold Dissolution ◽  
Plastic Part ◽  
The Third ◽  
Current Consumption ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
A Current

The present paper is focused on the extraction of gold from high-grade e-waste, i.e., spent electronic connectors and plates, by leaching and electrowinning. These connectors are usually made up of an alloy covered by a layer of gold; sometimes, in some of them, a plastic part is also present. The applied leaching system consisted of an acid solution of diluted sulfuric acid (0.2 mol/L) with thiourea (20 g/L) as a reagent and ferric sulfate (21.8 g/L) as an oxidant. This system was applied on three different high-grade e-waste, namely: (1) Connectors with the partial gold-plated surface (Au concentration—1139 mg/kg); (2) different types of connectors with some of which with completely gold-plated surface (Au concentration—590 mg/kg); and (3) connectors and plates with the completely gold-plated surface (Au concentration—7900 mg/kg). Gold dissolution yields of 52, 94, and 49% were achieved from the first, second, and third samples, respectively. About 95% of Au recovery was achieved after 1.5 h of electrowinning at a current efficiency of only 4.06% and current consumption of 3.02 kWh/kg of Au from the leach solution of the third sample.

Fundamental Characterisation of Dredged Marine Sediments from Kuala Perlis Jetty by XRF, XRD and FTIR

2012 ◽  
Vol 620 ◽  
pp. 469-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norhashimah Ramli ◽  
Mohammad Hafizuddin Haji Jumali ◽  
Wan Safizah Wan Salim
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Marine Sediments ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
The Us ◽  
Dredged Marine Sediment ◽  
Primary Mineral ◽  
Us Epa

Dredging along Kuala Perlis Jetty results in huge amount of marine sediments which has thrown considerable challenge for disposal. This research was conducted to characterize dredged marine sediment which was collected at Kuala Perlis Jetty as potential raw material for brick production. Three different characterizations were performed namely XRF, XRD and FTIR. XRF analysis showed the presence of SiO2 and Al2O3 as major quantities. Low concentration of heavy metals namely As, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn presence in the sediment comply the US EPA guideline for brick production. XRD analysis indicated the presence of quartz as primary mineral while kaolinite and illite also present as secondary and ternary phases. FTIR analysis identified various form of minerals presence in the samples which strongly supported XRD results.

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