Plastics: The Discovery in the World and Development in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 750-752 ◽  
pp. 811-815
Author(s):  
Ya Xi Jiang ◽  
Meng Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Export Trade ◽  
John Wesley ◽  
Advanced Level ◽  
Chinese Characteristics ◽  
The World ◽  
Import And Export ◽  
Plastic Industry ◽  
Plastics Industry ◽  
American Scientist

Alexander Parkes found the earliest plastic in 1850. American scientist John Wesley Hyatt achieved the first patent of plastic (1970) and inaugurated the first plastics industry (1873) with his brother in the world. From then on, plastics industry all over the world have experienced about 150 years development. Based on the learning from overseas industries, China gradually constructed and cultivated himself plastics industry system that is full of Chinese characteristics. The amount of plastics production, plastics products and plastics machine production as well as plastics consumption in China increased quickly. The value of plastics import and export trade rose year by year. Nowadays, China reaches an advanced level in the world no matter plastics machine production, plastic goods production, plastics consumption, or outlet of plastics machines and products. Plastic industry has be one of the important light manufacturing pillar industries in society and economics development of China.

scholarly journals L’accélération de l’intégration du commerce extérieur des pays de l’ASEAN au marché mondial

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-63
Author(s):  
Rodolphe De Koninck ◽  
Claude Comtois
Keyword(s):  
World Market ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Export Trade ◽  
Industrial Countries ◽  
Asean Member ◽  
The World ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
Import And Export ◽  
Internal Integration ◽  
National Economies

For the period 1965-1977, for each of the five ASEAN member countries (Thailand, the Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore) as well as for the whole of the region, were examinee the evolution of the volume and of the components of the import and export trade, as well as that of the proportional share of the various trading partners. The following tendencies are apparent. 1) The region's national economies are increasingly « world trade oriented ». 2) Since the founding of ASEAN in 1967, the proportional share of intraregional trade has been declining. 3) The composition of this trade is increasingly determined by the needs of industrial countries. 4) The proportional share of the trading carried out with industrial countries, and particularly with Japan, is also increasing. 5) Singapore seems to play a key role in this articulation of the integration of the region to the world market, an integration detrimental to regional internal integration, an official goal of the ASEAN.

Recent trends in import and export of Rudraksha beads in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-228
Author(s):  
Amar Nath Singh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Present Article ◽  
High Demand ◽  
The World ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Import And Export ◽  
Prayer Beads ◽  
Religious Importance ◽  
Magnetic And Electrical Properties

The Rudraksha beads are traditionally used as prayer beads in Hinduism (especially Shaivism) throughout India. Apart from the religious importance, medicinal, bio-magnetic and electrical properties of the Rudraksha beads have also been reported. This commodity is in high demand from the devotees across the world. Therefore, this is in trade throughout the country and abroad. The recent trends in import and export of Rudraksha beads in India have been described in the present article, considering scant publications on this aspect.

scholarly journals Good Governance with Chinese characteristics: A perspective of China's Socialist Model

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Hans Nibshan Seesaghur
Keyword(s):  
Good Governance ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Public Affairs ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Public Governance ◽  
Chinese Characteristics ◽  
The World ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
International Standing ◽  
Political Economic

Since the 1990s, scholars around the world have focused on the complexities of governance reforms. The vicissitudes of the 21st century witnessed global waves for public administration reforms. China, a fast developing socialist country, has been building a strong, robust and modern public governance system. The Socialist Governance of China with Chinese characteristics brought considerable changes in the political, economic and social spheres, transforming the lives of people for betterment. By bringing about economic development through state intervention, introducing rule of law upholding the significance of its people, fostering new ideas, and ushering the ideology of nationalism through “China Dream”, President Xi Jinping and his socialist governance policies have created an excellent example in the world, particularly the capitalist society, demonstrating how society can be developed through socialist ways. Yet, the dynamics of Chinese governance has always been part science and part mystery to other governments that have earned legitimacy through elections, while China’s leaders earned its legitimacy through selection of the most able and their performance in delivering sustained improvements in the quality of life of the Chinese citizens and China's international standing. This paper deals with assessing the relevance of China’s Socialist governance evolution into a science of managing public affairs and the pursuit to optimizing its impact on the state’s economic, political and social spheres.

scholarly journals The Unbearable Lightness of Trust: Trade, conviviality, and the life-world of Indian export agents in Yiwu, China

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Filippo Osella
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Export Trade ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Life World ◽  
Extreme Caution ◽  
The World ◽  
Ethnographic Data ◽  
World Centre

Abstract Drawing on ethnographic data collected in China, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and India, this article explores the life-world and practices of small-scale Indian export agents based in Yiwu, China, the world centre for the export of small commodities. It shows that in a market overdetermined by fast-moving goods, short-term gains, and low margins, export agents have to steer their way between acting with extreme caution or taking risks with their clients and suppliers. These apparently contradictory dispositions or orientations are negotiated by the judicious exercise of mistrust and suspicion. The article suggests not only that mistrust is valued and cultivated as an indispensable practical resource for success in Yiwu's export trade, but that contingent relations of trust between market players emerge at the interstices of a generalized mutual mistrust, via the mobilization of practices of hospitality, commensality, and masculine conviviality. Indeed, feelings of amity and mutuality elicited by the performance of modalities of social intimacy become the affective terrain upon which divergent economic interests might be reconciled and taken forward. That is, mistrust might not lead to generalized distrust, instead a situational or contingent trust might actually emerge through the judicious exercise of mistrust.

scholarly journals Research on China’s embodied carbon import and export trade from the perspective of value-added trade

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0258902
Author(s):  
Guangyao Deng ◽  
Fengying Lu ◽  
Xiaofang Yue
Keyword(s):  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The United States ◽  
Export Trade ◽  
Structural Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Structural Decomposition ◽  
Embodied Carbon ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Import And Export

The development of globalization has separated the production and consumption of products spatially, and the international trade of products has become a carrier of embodied carbon trade. This paper adopted the perspective of value-added trade to calculate the amount of embodied carbon trade of China from 2006 to 2015 and perform a structural decomposition analysis of the changes in China’s embodied carbon trade. This study found that: (1) China’s embodied carbon exports are much larger than its embodied carbon imports, and there are differences between countries. China imported the largest amount of embodied carbon from South Korea, and it exported the largest amount of embodied carbon to the United States. (2) The structural decomposition analysis shows that changes in the value-added carbon emission coefficient during the study period would have caused China’s embodied carbon trade to decrease, and changes in value-added trade would have caused China’s embodied carbon trade to increase. Therefore, countries trading with China need to strengthen their cooperation with China in energy conservation, emission reduction, and product trade. In order to accurately reflect China’s embodied carbon trade, it is necessary to calculate embodied carbon trade from the perspective of value-added trade.

scholarly journals The right to appeal on criminal procedure under international acts and jurisprudence

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
MSc. Vilard Bytyqi
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Advanced Level ◽  
The World ◽  
The Right ◽  
Court Of First Instance ◽  
Comparative Description ◽  
Procedural Aspect

The right to appeal, respectively the right on complaint as per our legal vocabulary, constitutes the basic trunk of the second phase of court decisions in a certain procedure, in particular the criminal proceedings.The aim of this paper is to emphasize the main notions of appeal, but also in other aspects through the comparative description it aims to bring more clarity in differences and similarities that exist in between the appeal which is used in our criminal proceedings and the appeal which is used in the criminal proceedings that take place in the supranational courts. It is known that in courts which consist of international elements, the appeal is positioned in a more advanced level, due to the fact that there are grounds of suspicion used over every element that could be used in any national criminal proceedings.Overall, in any place of the world, the appeal has the goal to remedy court decisions brought by the court of first instance, while, in the procedural aspect it has more or less differences depending on the regulations of criminal procedures of that state. Such difference due to the diversity of the legal systems today are also accepted as the universal legal value, since establishment of international tribunals provides the best practice in this field. 

scholarly journals Logística e comércio internacional da fruticultura no estado de Minas Gerais - Brasil

2019 ◽  
pp. 28-53
Author(s):  
Igor Martins Oliveira ◽  
Luiz Andrei Gonçalves Pereira
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
World Economy ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
The Road ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The World ◽  
Import And Export ◽  
Transport Logistics

Na era globalização, a economia mundial tem vivenciado um processo de reestruturação produtiva, intensificando os fluxos nos territórios inerentes às interações espaciais de recursos, de bens e de serviços que circulam entre os mercados nacionais e internacionais. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar as dinâmicas socioespaciais dos fluxos de comércio internacional do estado de Minas Gerais por meio da logística das redes de importações e de exportações de frutas, no período de 2000 a 2017. Como resultado, identificou-se que, no mercado externo de frutas, Minas Gerais se relaciona comercialmente com 88 países, sendo 52 nas redes de exportação e 36 na rede de importação. Na operacionalização dos fluxos no comércio global, a logística de transportes foi realizada através dos modais rodoviário, marítimo e aéreo, configurando-se como um elemento geográfico, visto que as transações comerciais demandam o gerenciamento da fluidez, do planejamento e da organização dos diferentes territórios.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Logística, Comércio Internacional, Fruticultura. ABSTRACTIn the era of globalization, the world economy has undergone a process of productive restructuring, intensifying flows in the territories inherent to the spatial interactions of resources, goods and services that circulate between national and international markets. The objective of this work is to analyze the sociospatial dynamics of the international trade flows of the state of Minas Gerais through the logistics of import and export fruit networks, from 2000 to 2017. As a result, it was identified that in the market Minas Gerais has a commercial relationship with 88 countries, 52 in export networks and 36 in the import network. In the operationalization of flows in global trade, transport logistics was carried out through the road, sea and air modalities, being configured as a geographic element, since commercial transactions demand the management of the fluidity, planning and organization of the different territories.KEYWORDS: Logistic, International Trade, Fruticulture.

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