Progress of Traditional Ultra-Precision Machining Processes

2013 ◽  
Vol 753-755 ◽  
pp. 314-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi Xu Han ◽  
Li Bao An ◽  
Hai Dong Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Technology ◽  
Precision Machining ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Machining Processes ◽  
Structured Surfaces ◽  
Good Surface ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
High Form ◽  
Ultra Precision ◽  
Good Surface Roughness

Ultra-precision machining is in the forefront of advanced manufacturing technology and also will become the basis of future manufacturing technology. Ultra-precision machining already has turned into the enabling technology to success in the international competition. Some new progresses in traditional ultra-precision machining processes including processing and measuring techniques, machining equipment, and analysis methods are introduced in this paper. Components with high form accuracy and good surface roughness are widely applied to precision apparatuses. Structured surfaces can be acquired by selecting reasonable machining parameters before mechanical process. The continuous growing markets will fuel many industrial sectors by ultra precision machining. We should pay great attention to the further developments of this technology.

Experimental investigations on ultra-precision machining of polycarbonate and related issues

2020 ◽  
pp. 251659842093849
Author(s):  
Vinod Mishra ◽  
Rohit Sharma ◽  
Kuldeep Mahajan ◽  
Jayant Kumar ◽  
Neha Khatri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Quality ◽  
Cutting Temperature ◽  
Precision Machining ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Optical Components ◽  
Good Surface ◽  
Ultra Precision ◽  
Deterministic Processes ◽  
Glass Optics

Optical plastic lenses are progressively substituting glass optics due to their lightweight and low costs. Polycarbonate (PC) is considered as one of the leading optical materials due to its good mechanical and optical properties. Ultra-precision machining is the most suited process to develop PC optical components. Nevertheless, ultra-precision machining is considered as one of the deterministic processes to ensure the surface quality required for optical components. However, it is important to understand the behavior of the material during each stage of manufacturing. PC offers many challenges during its processing to achieve the nanometric finish and sub-micron form accuracies. In this article, the various issues of PC machining are discussed through experimental investigations. The effect of machining variables, that is, machining parameters, cutting temperature, and vacuum clamping on surface quality is studied. The results show the importance of the selection of optimum conditions for machining PC with good surface quality. The PC optical component is developed with surface finish ( Ra) 18.1 nm and profile accuracies ( Pv) of 0.116 µm. The study is helpful to understand the various issues involved in PC machining and hence to minimize their effects on surface quality.

scholarly journals An Investigation of the Cutting Strategy for the Machining of Polar Microstructures Used in Ultra-Precision Machining Optical Precision Measurement

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 755
Author(s):  
Chen-Yang Zhao ◽  
Chi-Fai Cheung ◽  
Wen-Peng Fu
Keyword(s):  
Precision Measurement ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Surface Generation ◽  
Precision Machining ◽  
Tool Geometry ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Ultra Precision ◽  
Transition Points ◽  
Cutting Strategy

In this paper, an investigation of cutting strategy is presented for the optimization of machining parameters in the ultra-precision machining of polar microstructures, which are used for optical precision measurement. The critical machining parameters affecting the surface generation and surface quality in the machining of polar microstructures are studied. Hence, the critical ranges of machining parameters have been determined through a series of cutting simulations, as well as cutting experiments. First of all, the influence of field of view (FOV) is investigated. After that, theoretical modeling of polar microstructures is built to generate the simulated surface topography of polar microstructures. A feature point detection algorithm is built for image processing of polar microstructures. Hence, an experimental investigation of the influence of cutting tool geometry, depth of cut, and groove spacing of polar microstructures was conducted. There are transition points from which the patterns of surface generation of polar microstructures vary with the machining parameters. The optimization of machining parameters and determination of the optimized cutting strategy are undertaken in the ultra-precision machining of polar microstructures.

Fabrication of Micro Tetrahedron Patterns Using Ultra-Precision Shaping System

2008 ◽  
Vol 381-382 ◽  
pp. 469-472
Author(s):  
J.W. Park ◽  
Soo Chang Choi ◽  
H.S. Oh ◽  
Yong Woo Kim ◽  
S.W. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Precision Machining ◽  
Machining Errors ◽  
High Form ◽  
Shaping System ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Ultra Precision ◽  
Surface Fabrication ◽  
Micro Patterns

Recently, ultra-precision machining of components and dies for information and communication industries, such as fresnel mirrors, diffraction lens, and die for super high intensity reflective sheet is one of the major target. To machine three-dimensional micro patterns, such as super high-intensity reflective sheets, ultra-precision and mirror surface fabrication processes are required. It has been reported, however, that continuous cutting, such as turning or shaping, is more suitable to ultra-precision machining. Many researchers have studied the manufacturing process of reflective sheet dies to obtain high form accuracy and surface quality. In this paper, ultra-precision shaping system was developed to fabricate micro patterns mechanically. In order to estimate performance of the shaping system, micro V-shaped grooves and tetrahedron pattern arrays for a super high intensity reflective sheet was applied. Also, a new measuring technology to inspect form and machining errors of a machined tetrahedron patterns was proposed. The results show that shaping system has a positioning accuracy of x, y, z axis with 100, 10, 10nm resolution, respectively. Micro V-shaped grooves could be machined at various depths and micro tetrahedron patterns with a good quality were obtained as well.

Discussion of Modern Machinery Production Technique and High Precision Machining Technology

2014 ◽  
Vol 705 ◽  
pp. 146-151
Author(s):  
Jiu Nan Xu
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Manufacturing Technology ◽  
Digital Design ◽  
Precision Machining ◽  
Production Technique ◽  
Automated Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Ultra Precision ◽  
Advanced Production ◽  
Machinery Manufacturing

This paper mainly researches the modern machinery production technique and high precision machining technology, which carries out the elaboration to the digital design and manufacturing technology, the advanced production mode and the automated manufacturing systems in the modern machinery manufacturing technology; it also introduces several common high precision machining technology, including: high precision cutting technology, ultra precision grinding technology and molding technology, in order to help promote the development of the modern machinery production technique and improve the high precision machining technology.

Investigation on Influencing Factors of AFM Micro Probe Nanomachining

2004 ◽  
Vol 471-472 ◽  
pp. 816-820
Author(s):  
Yong Da Yan ◽  
Shen Dong ◽  
T. Sun
Keyword(s):  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Orthogonal Test ◽  
Precision Machining ◽  
Machining Efficiency ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Ultra Precision ◽  
Application Fields

This study aimed to gain an in-depth understanding of the features of AFM micro probe nanomachining. With the aid of the orthogonal test analysis and synthesis method of point rating, factors of influencing the cutting process: the perpendicular load, the feed amount and the cutting speed, were analyzed. The study revealed that the feed amount and the perpendicular load had greater effect on the surface quality and machining efficiency than the cutting speed. The results were also compared with the conventional ultra-precision machining. The optimal machining parameters suitable for two application fields were achieved. This method is a novel and feasible method to perform the nanomachining.

Tribology of Micro Milled Surfaces

2010 ◽  
Vol 447-448 ◽  
pp. 681-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Twardy ◽  
Otmann Riemer ◽  
Ekkard Brinksmeier
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
End Milling ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Micro Milling ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Structured Surfaces ◽  
High Form ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction

Micro milling is an appropriate technology for the flexible production of precise micro molds with complex shapes for metal forming processes (e.g. micro deep drawing). Besides high form accuracy micro ball end milling also provides a specific surface topography which can enhance the tribological behavior during the forming processes. This paper is focusing on the tribological behavior of micro structured surfaces generated by micro milling compared to smooth surfaces. The coefficient of friction was investigated on a pin-on-disc test stand for different materials. The results of the tribological tests suggest a relationship between micro structure and coefficient of friction. Finally, the correlations between machining parameters and tribological behavior will be discussed.

scholarly journals Dual-Axial Tool Servo Diamond Turning of Hierarchical Micro-Nano-Structured Surfaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Xiaonan Pu ◽  
Zihui Zhu ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
Peng Huang ◽  
Yulin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basic Feature ◽  
Secondary Structures ◽  
Diamond Turning ◽  
Surface Generation ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Structured Surfaces ◽  
Tool Marks ◽  
Ultra Precision ◽  
One Step ◽  
The One

This paper reports on a dual-axial tool servo diamond turning method for the one-step fabrication of hierarchical micro-nano-structured surfaces. With respect to the dual-axial servo motion (XZ), the z-axis motion can generate the primary surface with a complex shape, and the x-axis motion is used to synchronously form the secondary structure via controlling the residual tool marks. The toolpath determination algorithm for the developed turning method is described in detail, and the effect of the machining parameters on the basic feature and sizes of the generated secondary structures is investigated through conducting the numerical simulation for both toolpath and surface generation. The simulation result indicates that the additional x-axial motion is effective for the deterministic generation of a variety of secondary structures. Finally, taking advantage of an ultra-precision lathe with a self-developed tri-axial FTS, a hierarchical surface with high accuracy is practically generated.

scholarly journals Optimization of Machining Parameters for MRR and Surface Roughness for 7024 AL-alloy in Pocket Milling Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Mustafa Mohammed Abdulrazaq ◽  
Adil Shabeeb Jaber ◽  
Ahmed Salman Hammood ◽  
Ahmed Ghazi Abdulameer
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Material Removal Rate ◽  
Material Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Good Surface ◽  
Good Surface Roughness

The objective of this work is the investigation of milling process variables which resulting in optimal values of the surface roughness and material removal rate during machining of 7024 Al-alloy. The machining operation implemented on C-TEK CNC milling machine. The effects of the selected parameters on the chosen characteristics have been accomplished using Taguchi’s parameter design approach; also ANOVA had been used to evaluate the contribution of each parameter on the process outputs. Different feed rates are used ranging from (60, 80 and 100) mm/min, found that high feed rates gives a high material removal rates and good surface roughness. On the other hand, using three levels of spindle speeds found that a higher spindle speeds gives better surface roughness with a little effect on MRR. The process results showed that maximum MRR achieved (2.40) mm3/min when machining feed rate (100) mm/min, spindle speed (1000) r.p.m, and depth of cut (0.6) mm while good surface roughness (0.41 µm) when machining feed rate (100) mm/min, spindle speed (1000) r.p.m, and depth of cut (0.2) mm. The level of importance of the machining parameters for material removal rate and surface roughness and is determined by using Taguchi designing experiments and the variance analysis (ANOVA).

Study on Parameters Optimization in Ultra-Precise Processing of Germanium Substrate

2009 ◽  
Vol 69-70 ◽  
pp. 442-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Lv ◽  
Ju Long Yuan ◽  
Yang Yu Wang ◽  
Qian Fa Deng
Keyword(s):  
Surface Quality ◽  
Parameters Optimization ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Rough Machining ◽  
Process Technology ◽  
Improve Efficiency ◽  
Finish Machining ◽  
Good Surface ◽  
Germanium Substrate ◽  
Ultra Precision

To improve efficiency in ultra-precision lapping germanium (Ge) substrate, a new ultra-precise process technology is introduced in this paper. Two steps ultra-precise process were semi bonded abrasive lapping in rough machining, and CMP process in finish machining. A good surface quality workpiece was obtained in semi bonded abrasive lapping process efficiently. Several machining parameters were compared and applied. After CMP process, the mirror-like surface of Ge substrate was obtained.

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