Bioconversion of Water Hyacinth to Ethanol by Using Cellulase from Trichoderma atroviride AD-130

2014 ◽  
Vol 918 ◽  
pp. 145-148
Author(s):  
Rajesh Dhankhar ◽  
Anil Dhaka ◽  
Sakshi
Keyword(s):  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Trichoderma Atroviride ◽  
Carbohydrate Source ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysate ◽  
Peg 6000

The Present study showed that water hyacinth could be used as a suitable alternative cheaper carbohydrate source for bioethanol production. Crude cellulase and β-glucosidase were produced by using fungi Trichoderma atroviride AD-130. Highest yield of reducing sugars (451.13 g/L) was obtained from acid pretreated water hyacinth supplemented with 0.1% PEG-6000. The highest ethanol concentration (16.43 g/L) from enzymatic hydrolysate of substrate was achieved with a corresponding ethanol yield of 0.28 g/g sugar.

scholarly journals Bioethanol Production from Paper Fibre Residue Using Diluted Alkali Hydrolysis and the Fermentation Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1951-1957 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Sathya Geetha ◽  
A. Navaneetha Gopalakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Penicillium Chrysogenum ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Hydrolysis Of Cellulose ◽  
Alkali Hydrolysis ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
State Of Art

The state of art for the bioethanol production from paper fibre residue using diluted alkali hydrolysis and fermentation processes was evaluated. Hydrolysis of paper fibre residue with diluted sodium hydroxide at various time period, temperature and concentration were investigated. The paper fibre residue was pre-steamed, impregnated with diluted NaOH (0 to 25%) and subsequently hydrolyzed in a reactor at temperatures that ranged between 30 to 50oC, for reaction time between 30 minutes to 150 minutes. The highest yield of monosaccharide (indicating the efficient hydrolysis of cellulose and hemi cellulose) was found at a temperature of 35oC for a reaction time of 90 minutes. Fermentability of hemicelluloses hydrolysate was tested using monosaccharide fermenting microorganismPenicillium chrysogenumandSaccharomyces cereviacea. The fermentability of the hydrolysate decreased strongly for hydrolysate produced at temperature higher than 50oC. The ethanol concentration of monosaccharide hydrolysate was found to be 34.06 g/L and the ethanol yield was 0.097 g/g.

scholarly journals Bioethanol production from defatted biomass of Nannochloropsis oculata microalgae grown under mixotrophic conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nashwa Fetyan ◽  
Abo El-Khair B. El-Sayed ◽  
Fatma M. Ibrahim ◽  
Yasser Attia ◽  
Mahmoud W. Sadik
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Nannochloropsis Oculata ◽  
Enzymatic Treatment ◽  
Enzyme Hydrolysis ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Microalgal Biomass

Abstract Microalgal biomass is one of the most promising third-generation feedstocks for bioethanol production because it contains significantly reduced sugar amounts which, by separate hydrolysis and fermentation, can be used as a source for ethanol production. In this study, the defatted microalgal biomass of Nannochloropsis oculata (NNO-1 UTEX Culture LB 2164) was subjected to bioethanol production through acid digestion and enzymatic treatment before being fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae (NRRLY-2034). For acid hydrolysis (AH), the highest carbohydrate yield 252.84 mg/g DW was obtained with 5.0% (v/v) H2SO4 at 121°C for 15 min for defatted biomass cultivated mixotrophically on SBAE with respect to 207.41 mg/g DW for defatted biomass cultivated autotrophically (control treatment), Whereas, the highest levels of reducing sugars was obtained With 4.0%(v/v) H2SO4 157.47 ± 1.60 mg/g DW for defatted biomass cultivated mixotrophically in compared with 135.30 mg/g DW for the defatted control treatment. The combination of acid hydrolysis 2.0% (v/v) H2SO4 followed by enzymatic treatment (AEH) increased the carbohydrate yields to 268.53 mg/g DW for defatted biomass cultivated mixotrophically on SBAE with respect to 177.73 mg/g DW for the defatted control treatment. However, the highest levels of reducing sugars were obtained with 3.0% (v/v) H2SO4 followed by enzyme treatment gave 232.39 ± 1.77 for defatted biomass cultivated mixotrophically on SBAE and 150.75 mg/g DW for the defatted control treatment. The sugar composition of the polysaccharides showed that glucose was the principal polysaccharide sugar (60.7%-62.49%) of N. oculata defatted biomass. Fermentation of the hydrolysates by Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the acid pretreated defatted biomass samples gave ethanol yield of 0.86 g/l (0.062 g/g sugar consumed) for control and 1.17 g/l (0.069 g/g sugar consumed) for SBAE mixotrophic. Whereas, the maximum ethanol yield of 6.17 ± 0.47 g/l (0.26 ± 0.11 g/g sugar consumed) was obtained with samples from defatted biomass grown mixotrophically (SBAE mixotrophic) pretreated with acid coupled enzyme hydrolysis.

scholarly journals Effect of various pretreatment methods on sugar and ethanol production from cellulosic water hyacinth

BioResources ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 592-606
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total Reducing Sugars ◽  
First Time

Effects of acid, alkali, ionic liquid (IL), and microwave-alkali pretreatments on cellulosic water hyacinth (WH) were investigated based on the total reducing sugars (TRS) and ethanol production. For the first time, IL pretreatment with (1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([EMIM][Ac]) was used for WH, and the efficiency was compared with the other methods. Cellulase and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were fermented together for 72 h. Based on the results, all pretreatment methods effectively increased the sugar content as well as the ethanol yield. Untreated WH had 25 ± 1.5 mg/g of TRS, which was increased to 157 ± 8.2 mg/g, 95 ± 3.1 mg/g, 51 ± 4.2 mg/g, and 45 ± 2.6 mg/g via alkali, microwave-alkali, acid, and IL pretreatments, respectively. The highest TRS level of 402 mg/g was obtained in 24 h and 6.2 ± 0.4 g/L of ethanol in 48 h of fermentation with the alkali-treated WH. The ethanol production was followed by other treatment methods of WH in the order of microwave-alkali, acid, and IL. The results indicated that the ethanol production from WH was related to the type of pretreatment as well as the TRS production.

scholarly journals Chemical Pretreatments on Residual Cocoa Pod Shell Biomass for Bioethanol Production

Bionatura ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1490-1500
Author(s):  
Jose F. Alvarez-Barreto ◽  
Fernando Larrea ◽  
Maria C. Pinos C ◽  
Jose Benalcázar ◽  
Daniela Oña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Sugar Concentration ◽  
Biomass Composition ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Acid Pretreatment

Cocoa pod shell is an essential agricultural residue in Ecuador, and this study addressed its potential valorization for bioethanol production. For this, three types of pretreatments, acid, alkaline, and autohydrolysis, were applied to pod shells from two different cocoa types, national and CCN-51. to remove the lignin. Untreated and treated biomasses were characterized by composition, thermal stability, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FITR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The treated biomass was then enzymatically hydrolyzed with cellulase. Reducing sugars were quantified after pretreatments and enzymatic hydrolysis, and the pretreatment liquors and the enzymatic hydrolysates were subjected to alcoholic fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. There were substantial differences in composition between both biomasses, particularly in lignin content, with national cocoa having the lowest values. All pretreatment conditions had significant effects on biomass composition, structure, and thermal properties. After alkaline pretreatment, the biomass presented the highest cellulose and lowest lignin contents, resulting in the highest reducing sugar concentration in the pretreatment liquor. The highest lignin content was found after the acid pretreatment, which resulted in low, reducing sugar concentrations. Autohydrolysis produced similar results as the acid pretreatment; however, it resulted in the highest sugar concentration after enzymatic hydrolysis, while the acid-treated sample had negligible levels. After fermentation, there were no differences in productivity among the pretreatment liquors, but autohydrolysis had the largest ethanol yield. In the hydrolysates, it was also autohydrolysis that resulted in higher productivity and yield. Thus, there is an indication of the formation of inhibitors, both enzymatic activity and ethanol production, in the acid and alkaline pretreatments, and this should be tackled in future research. Nonetheless, given the crucial changes observed in biomass, we believe that cocoa pod shell pretreatment has potential for the generation of reducing sugars that could be further used in different bioprocesses, nor only bioethanol production.

scholarly journals Hemicellulosic Bioethanol Production from Fast-Growing Paulownia Biomass

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Elena Domínguez ◽  
Pablo G. del Río ◽  
Aloia Romaní ◽  
Gil Garrote ◽  
Lucília Domingues
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Xylose Reductase ◽  
Energy Crop ◽  
Scheffersomyces Stipitis ◽  
Fractionation Process ◽  
Renewable Source ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Engineered Strain

In order to exploit a fast-growing Paulownia hardwood as an energy crop, a xylose-enriched hydrolysate was obtained in this work to increase the ethanol concentration using the hemicellulosic fraction, besides the already widely studied cellulosic fraction. For that, Paulownia elongata x fortunei was submitted to autohydrolysis treatment (210 °C or S0 of 4.08) for the xylan solubilization, mainly as xylooligosaccharides. Afterwards, sequential stages of acid hydrolysis, concentration, and detoxification were evaluated to obtain fermentable sugars. Thus, detoxified and non-detoxified hydrolysates (diluted or not) were fermented for ethanol production using a natural xylose-consuming yeast, Scheffersomyces stipitis CECT 1922, and an industrial Saccharomyces cerevisiae MEC1133 strain, metabolic engineered strain with the xylose reductase/xylitol dehydrogenase pathway. Results from fermentation assays showed that the engineered S. cerevisiae strain produced up to 14.2 g/L of ethanol (corresponding to 0.33 g/g of ethanol yield) using the non-detoxified hydrolysate. Nevertheless, the yeast S. stipitis reached similar values of ethanol, but only in the detoxified hydrolysate. Hence, the fermentation data prove the suitability and robustness of the engineered strain to ferment non-detoxified liquor, and the appropriateness of detoxification of liquor for the use of less robust yeast. In addition, the success of hemicellulose-to-ethanol production obtained in this work shows the Paulownia biomass as a suitable renewable source for ethanol production following a suitable fractionation process within a biorefinery approach.

scholarly journals Release of reducing sugars from water hyacinth by thermochemical and enzymatic hydrolysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-164
Author(s):  
Jessica E. Guzmán-Pérez ◽  
◽  
Oscar J. Salinas-Luna ◽  
Ernesto Favela-Torres ◽  
Nohemi López-Ramírez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Concentration ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Thermochemical Pretreatment

Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is considered a pernicious herb in many parts of the world due to its rapid growth. However, for its high content of cellulose and hemicellulose, it could be considered as raw material to produce fermentable sugars. In this work, the effect of sulfuric acid concentration by thermochemical pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis on the release of sugars from water hyacinth was evaluated. Initially, the effect of the sulfuric acid concentration from 1.5 to 9% at 120 ºC was evaluated. With 1.5%, the release of reducing sugars was 160 milligrams of reducing sugars per gram of dry matter (mg red-sug/g dm). After the thermochemical pretreatment, the enzymatic hydrolysis with the cellulase complex (NS22086) allowed obtaining a reducing sugars concentration up to 317 mg red-sug/g dm. These thermochemical and enzymatic approaches to recover reducing sugars from water hyacinth is promising and should be evaluated for bioprocess using reducing sugars as the main source of carbon, such as bioethanol production.

scholarly journals Evaluation of polyploid miscanthus lines usage efficiency as a feedstock for bioethanol production

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
R. Y. Blume ◽  
O.V. Melnychuk ◽  
S.P. Ozheredov ◽  
D.B. Rakhmetov ◽  
Y.B. Blume
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Bioenergy Crops ◽  
Control Line ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Second Generation Bioethanol ◽  
Giant Miscanthus ◽  
First And Second Generation ◽  
Bioethanol Yield

Aim. Main aim of this research was the evaluation of theoretical bioethanol yield (per ha) from hexaploid giant miscanthus (Miscanthus х giganteus) and further comparison with conventional triploid form as well as with other bioethanol crops. Methods. Several mathematic functions were determined that describe yearly yield dynamics and equations, which were used in calculations of theoretical bioethanol yield. Results. The theoretical bioethanol yield was evaluated for different hexaploid miscanthus lines. The most productive in terms of ethanol yield were lines 108 and 202, from which potential bioethanol yield was found to be higher than in control line (6451 L/ha) by 10.7 % and 14.2% respectively and can reach 7144 L/ha and 7684 L/ha. Conclusions. It was determined that the most productive lines of polyploid miscanthus (lines 108 and 202) are able to compete with other plant cellulosic feedstocks for second-generation bioethanol production in Ukraine. However, these lines show bioethanol productivity than sweet sorghum, in the case when sweet sorghum is processed for obtainment of both first- and second-generation bioethanol. Keywords: bioenergy crops, biofuels, giant miscanthus, Miscanthus, polyploidy, second-generation bioethanol.

Bioethanol Production by Pichia stipitis Immobilized on Water Hyacinth and Thin-Shell Silk Cocoon

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suchata Kirdponpattara ◽  
Santi Chuetor ◽  
Malinee Sriariyanun ◽  
Muenduen Phisalaphong
Keyword(s):  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Thin Shell ◽  
Immobilized Cells ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Pichia Stipitis ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Immobilized Cell ◽  
Silk Cocoon ◽  
Cell Carriers

Cell immobilization technique was applied in this study in order to examine effect of immobilized Pichia stipitis TISTR5806 on bioethanol production. Water hyacinth (WH) and thin-shell silk cocoon (CC) were used as cell carriers. Characteristics of the cell carriers were examined to explain the mechanism of bioethanol production. Carrier sizes and weights were optimized to improve bioethanol production. Moreover, stabilities of immobilized cells and carriers were evaluated. Because of high porosity, high surface area and good swelling ability of WH, cell immobilized on 1 g WH with 1 cm length produced the highest ethanol concentration at 13.3 g/L. Five cycles of a repeated batch of immobilized cell (IC) system on WH showed stable performance in ethanol production (8.2–10.4 g/L) with large numbers of the immobilized cells. The interaction between the immobilized cells and the WH surface were discovered.

Bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass (water hyacinth): a biofuel alternative

Bioreactors ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 123-143
Author(s):  
Santhana Krishnan ◽  
Mohamad Faizal Ahmad ◽  
Nur Azmira Zainuddin ◽  
Mohd. Fadhil Md. Din ◽  
Shahabaldin Rezania ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Bioethanol Production
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