Characteristics of (1-y)[(Na0.5Bi0.5)1-xBax]O3-yBa(Cu1/2W1/2)O3 Ceramics Prepared by Hydrothermal Synthesis Route

2006 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 2472-2476
Author(s):  
Dong Xiang Zhou ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Yi Hua Deng
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Hydrothermal Synthesis ◽  
Dense Body ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Narrow Size Distribution ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Pure Perovskite Structure ◽  
Average Gain

(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3 (Abbreviated to BNT) was synthesized by hydrothermal process and the average gain size was 15 nm with narrow size distribution. Pure perovskite structure of BNT particles was identified by XRD analysis. The nanoscale BNT powder was selected as raw material to fabricate BNT based ceramics with BaTiO3 (Abbreviated to BT) and Ba(Cu0.5W0.5)O3 (Abbreviated to BCW) doping. SEM images show that the ceramic using nanoscale BNT powder as raw material has a high dense body with the average gain size from 0.5 μm to 1 μm. The experimental results show that with increasing amount of BCW, d33 and Kp of (0.94-x)BNT-0.06BT-xBCW increase initially, then reach the maximum values of 130 pC/N and 0.32 when 5mol% of BCW was added. Further increasing amount of BCW leads to decreasing d33 and Kp. The optimal piezoelectric and dielectric properties were obtained as d33 = 130 pC/N, Kp = 0.32, εr = 800, tgδ = 0.06.

Ethanol Sensing Characteristics of Sn-Doped ZnO Tetrapods Sensor

2013 ◽  
Vol 770 ◽  
pp. 185-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theerapong Santhaveesuk ◽  
Supab Choopun
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Sensor Response ◽  
Zno Nanowires ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Ethanol Sensor ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Doped Zno ◽  
Ethanol Sensing

Sn-doped ZnO tetrapods (T-SnZnO) were successfully synthesized using a simple thermal oxidation reaction method. Zn powder with 20 mol% of Sn powder was used as raw material and synthesized at temperature of 1,000°C under normal atmosphere. FE-SEM images revealed that the T-SnZnO exhibited a four symmetry legs with the length of 1.94±0.42 μm and the width of 260±40 nm. EDS analysis confirmed that the tetrapods contain small amount of Sn. XRD analysis indicated that the tetrapods exhibited a wurtzite hexagonal ZnO structure corresponded to Raman results. The lattice parameters a and c were 3.2494 Å and 5.2057 Å, respectively. The T-SnZnO were fabricated as ethanol sensor and tested with ethanol concentration of 50, 200, and 1,000 ppm at operating temperature between 280°C-340°C by observing I-V curve of the sensors. The sensor response increased as the increasing of the operating temperature and the ethanol concentration. Moreover, the enhancement of ethanol sensor response was observed, and the highest sensor response of 30.4 was detected at 340°C. The sensor response was higher than those of ZnO tetrapods, TiO2-ZnO tetrapods, ZnO nanowires, and TiO2-ZnO nanowires sensors.

Synthesis of ZnO Flower-Like Nanostructures on GaN Epitaxial Layer by Hydrothermal Process

2007 ◽  
Vol 124-126 ◽  
pp. 555-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Min Jang ◽  
Sung Hak Yi ◽  
Seung Kyu Choi ◽  
Jeong A Kim ◽  
Woo Gwang Jung
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Hydrothermal Synthesis ◽  
Epitaxial Layer ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Zno Nanostructures ◽  
Single Crystalline ◽  
Zno Nanostructure

3D type flower-like ZnO nanostructure is fabricated on GaN epitaxial layer by hydrothermal synthesis. The formation of ZnO nanostructures is controlled dominantly by pH of the aqueous solution. The microstructure of flower-like ZnO nanostructure was examined by FE-SEM, XRD and FE-TEM. It is found that the shape of ZnO nanostructures are likely flower and chestnut bur shapes. FE-TEM and XRD analysis shows that ZnO nanostructures are single crystalline. Some discussion is made on the mechanism of ZnO growth in solutions with different pH.

scholarly journals Facile Hydrothermal Synthesis of Monodispersed MoS2Ultrathin Nanosheets Assisted by Ionic Liquid Brij56

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guan-Qun Han ◽  
Wen-Hui Hu ◽  
Yong-Ming Chai ◽  
Bin Dong ◽  
Chen-Guang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Hydrothermal Synthesis ◽  
Growth Mechanism ◽  
Hydrogen Evolution Reaction ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Ultrathin Nanosheets ◽  
Morphology And Structure ◽  
Facile Hydrothermal Process

Monodispersed MoS2ultrathin nanosheets have been successfully fabricated by a facile hydrothermal process assisted by ionic liquid Brij56. The effect of Brij56 on the morphology and structure of MoS2has been obviously observed. XRD shows that the as-prepared MoS2assisted by Brij56 has the weak and broad peak of (002) planes, which implies the small size and well dispersed structure of MoS2nanosheets. TEM and SEM images reveal that MoS2ultrathin nanosheets have small size and few stacking layers with the adding of Brij56. HRTEM images prove that MoS2appears to have a highly monodispersed morphology and to be monolayer ultrathin nanosheets with the length about 5–8 nm, which can provide more exposed rims and edges as active sites for hydrogen evolution reaction. Brij56 has played a crucial role in preparing monodispersed MoS2ultrathin nanosheets as excellent electrocatalysts. The growth mechanism of monodispersed MoS2has been discussed in detail.

scholarly journals Functionalization of Cellulose Nanocrystals Powder by Non-Thermal Atmospheric-Pressure Plasmas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zineb Matouk ◽  
Rocío Rincón ◽  
Badr Torriss ◽  
Amir Mirzaei ◽  
Joëlle Margot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Melting Process ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
X Ray

Abstract Despite promising characteristics such as the biodegradability and the environmentally-benign nature of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based composites, their poor dispersion and agglomeration in thermoplastic matrix during the melting process is a “bottleneck” in the development of these composites. In this work, a cylindrical atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge (AP-DBD) was employed to functionalize CNCs to reduce their surface hydrophilicity and improve their dispersion in polar organic solvents. Three different gas mixtures were used for plasma treatment, argon/methane, argon/silane and an argon/methane followed by argon/silane. In all cases, the plasma treatment was conducted below 90°C as determined from optical emission spectroscopy (OES) analysis. The x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of both raw and plasma treated CNC powders confirms that the CNC crystallographic properties remain unchanged after plasma treatment. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis reveal the presence of hydrophobic C-Hx moieties on the CNC granular surface after argon/methane plasma treatment whereas SiHx, Si-O-Si, SiC bonds were formed after argon/silane plasma treatment. Under these experimental conditions, water wettability tests reveal some significant water repellency of the naturally hydrophilic cellulosic raw material. Moreover, the formation the SiHx moieties in silane-treated CNCs clearly enhances the hydrophobicity of the CNC powder in contrast to the sole C-Hx moieties synthetized by argon/methane plasma. High-resolution SEM images indicate the presence of agglomerated granules with 5-10 µm diameters in size. The surface functionalities of CNC powder enhance its dispersibility in polar solvents. Overall, this study emphasizes that AP-DBDs are suitable to process thermo-sensitive CNCs.

SYNTHESIS OF Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 FILM ON Ti SUBSTRATES BY A SINGLE STEP AT LOW TEMPERATURE

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
XIULI CHEN ◽  
HUIQING FAN
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Metal Substrate ◽  
Relaxor Ferroelectric ◽  
Single Step ◽  
High Frequency Range ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Pure Perovskite Structure

The relaxor ferroelectric Pb ( Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3) O 3– PbTiO 3 compositions are of interest owing to their excellent dielectric, electromechanical, electro-optical, and other properties. In this paper, the 0.80 Pb ( Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3) O 3–0.20 PbTiO 3 (PMN–PT 80/20) films with pure perovskite structure were synthesized by a single step at 150°C. The corresponding oxides were used as starting materials, namely PbO , MgO , Nb 2 O 5, and TiO 2. By using oxides as precursors, we simplified the hydrothermal process, allowing the process to be more economical. The influences of the Ti metal substrate on the PMN–PT 80/20 films are investigated. By surveying the variations of films, it was suggested that the substrate reacted with the ions in the solution. The films were smooth and homogeneous. There were no cracks and abnormity crystals on the surface of the films. The thickness was about 20 μm. The frequencies dependence of the dielectric properties of PMN–PT 80/20 films was stable even at a high frequency range over 1 MHz.

All-cellulose composites prepared by partial dissolving of cellulose fibers from musaceae leaf-sheath waste

2021 ◽  
pp. 002199832110068
Author(s):  
Úrsula Montoya-Rojo ◽  
Catalina Álvarez-López ◽  
Piedad Gañán-Rojo
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Continuous Phase ◽  
Leaf Sheath ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cellulose Ii ◽  
Cellulose I ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Cellulose Composites ◽  
The Matrix

Self-reinforced all-cellulose composites were produced in situ by partial dissolution in lithium chloride/N,N dimethylacetamide (LiCl/DMAc) of cellulose fibers isolated from Musaceae leaf sheaths resides. These composites show two phases, a continuous phase formed by the dissolution of fibers that transformation to cellulose II and another phase non-dissolved fibers of cellulose I, which acts as self-reinforcing as shown in SEM images. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the coexistence of cellulose I and cellulose II polymorphs. The higher Young’s modulus (4.6 GPa) and tensile strength (95 MPa) are resulting in the optimum relationship between fibers/matrix due to enough LiCl/DMAc to form the matrix and unify fibers with a good interface and optical transparency. These results are seven and twenty-one times higher than that of C0, respectively. In addition, the use of these agro-industrial waste as a raw material in the production of all-cellulose composites offers an opportunity to obtain sustainable and environmentally friendly materials as an alternative for packaging industries.

scholarly journals Fast Dissolving Electrospun Nanofibers Fabricated from Jelly Fig Polysaccharide/Pullulan for Drug Delivery Applications

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 241
Author(s):  
Thangavel Ponrasu ◽  
Bei-Hsin Chen ◽  
Tzung-Han Chou ◽  
Jia-Jiuan Wu ◽  
Yu-Shen Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Uv Spectrum ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Triton X

The fast-dissolving drug delivery systems (FDDDSs) are developed as nanofibers using food-grade water-soluble hydrophilic biopolymers that can disintegrate fast in the oral cavity and deliver drugs. Jelly fig polysaccharide (JFP) and pullulan were blended to prepare fast-dissolving nanofiber by electrospinning. The continuous and uniform nanofibers were produced from the solution of 1% (w/w) JFP, 12% (w/w) pullulan, and 1 wt% Triton X-305. The SEM images confirmed that the prepared nanofibers exhibited uniform morphology with an average diameter of 144 ± 19 nm. The inclusion of JFP in pullulan was confirmed by TGA and FTIR studies. XRD analysis revealed that the increased crystallinity of JFP/pullulan nanofiber was observed due to the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The tensile strength and water vapor permeability of the JFP/pullulan nanofiber membrane were also enhanced considerably compared to pullulan nanofiber. The JFP/pullulan nanofibers loaded with hydrophobic model drugs like ampicillin and dexamethasone were rapidly dissolved in water within 60 s and release the encapsulants dispersive into the surrounding. The antibacterial activity, fast disintegration properties of the JFP/pullulan nanofiber were also confirmed by the zone of inhibition and UV spectrum studies. Hence, JFP/pullulan nanofibers could be a promising carrier to encapsulate hydrophobic drugs for fast-dissolving/disintegrating delivery applications.

Characterization and A Preliminary Study of TiO2 Synthesis from Lampung Iron Sand

2020 ◽  
Vol 849 ◽  
pp. 113-118
Author(s):  
Yayat Iman Supriyatna ◽  
Slamet Sumardi ◽  
Widi Astuti ◽  
Athessia N. Nainggolan ◽  
Ajeng W. Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Packaging ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Solid Residue ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Leaching Solution ◽  
Ti Content

The purpose of this study is to characterize Lampung iron sand and to conduct preliminary experiments on the TiO2 synthesis which can be used for the manufacturing of functional food packaging. The iron sand from South Lampung Regency, Lampung Province that will be utilized as raw material. The experiment was initiated by sieving the iron sand on 80, 100, 150, 200 and 325 mesh sieves. Analysis using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) to determine the element content and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) to observe the mineralization of the iron sand was conducted. The experiment was carried out through the stages of leaching, precipitation, and calcination. Roasting was applied firstly by putting the iron sand into the muffle furnace for 5 hours at a temperature of 700°C. Followed by leaching using HCl for 48 hours and heated at 105°C with a stirring speed of 300 rpm. The leaching solution was filtered with filtrate and solid residue as products. The solid residue was then leached using 10% H2O2 solution. The leached filtrate was heated at 105°C for 40 minutes resulting TiO2 precipitates (powder). Further, the powder was calcined and characterized. Characterization of raw material using XRF shows the major elements of Fe, Ti, Mg, Si, Al and Ca. The highest Ti content is found in mesh 200 with 9.6%, while iron content is about 80.7%. While from the XRD analysis, it shows five mineral types namely magnetite (Fe3O4), Rhodonite (Mn, Fe, Mg, Ca) SiO3, Quart (SiO2), Ilmenite (FeOTiO2) and Rutile (TiO2). The preliminary experiment showed that the Ti content in the synthesized TiO2 powder is 21.2%. The purity of TiO2 is low due to the presence of Fe metal which is dissolved during leaching, so that prior to precipitation purification is needed to remove impurities such as iron and other metals.

Fundamental Characterisation of Dredged Marine Sediments from Kuala Perlis Jetty by XRF, XRD and FTIR

2012 ◽  
Vol 620 ◽  
pp. 469-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norhashimah Ramli ◽  
Mohammad Hafizuddin Haji Jumali ◽  
Wan Safizah Wan Salim
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Marine Sediments ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
The Us ◽  
Dredged Marine Sediment ◽  
Primary Mineral ◽  
Us Epa

Dredging along Kuala Perlis Jetty results in huge amount of marine sediments which has thrown considerable challenge for disposal. This research was conducted to characterize dredged marine sediment which was collected at Kuala Perlis Jetty as potential raw material for brick production. Three different characterizations were performed namely XRF, XRD and FTIR. XRF analysis showed the presence of SiO2 and Al2O3 as major quantities. Low concentration of heavy metals namely As, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn presence in the sediment comply the US EPA guideline for brick production. XRD analysis indicated the presence of quartz as primary mineral while kaolinite and illite also present as secondary and ternary phases. FTIR analysis identified various form of minerals presence in the samples which strongly supported XRD results.

Hierarchical Ba2(B5O9)Cl·(H2O)0.5 microspheres: surfactant-assisted facile hydrothermal synthesis, Tb3+ doping and photoluminescence properties

CrystEngComm ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (41) ◽  
pp. 7856-7865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuping Chen ◽  
Linlin Zhang ◽  
Zhaoqiang Zhang ◽  
Lin Zhu ◽  
Wancheng Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Synthesis ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Photoluminescence Properties ◽  
Host Materials ◽  
Surfactant Assisted

Uniform hierarchical Ba2(B5O9)Cl·(H2O)0.5 microspheres containing nanorod-like sub-units were synthesized via a mild EDTA-2Na assisted hydrothermal process, which were manifested as great potential green-emitting host materials via Tb3+ doping.

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