Influence of Magnetic Field on Level of Linearly Polarized Laser Beam Passing through Faraday Crystal

2021 ◽  
Vol 408 ◽  
pp. 129-140
Author(s):  
Samer H. Zyoud ◽  
Atef Abdelkader ◽  
Ahed H. Zyoud ◽  
Araa Mebdir Holi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Laser Beam ◽  
Active Material ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Linearly Polarized ◽  
Physical Effects ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Polarization Level ◽  
Optically Active Material

Many natural materials have the ability to rotate the polarization level of linearly polarized laser beam and pass through it. This phenomenon is called optical activity. In the event that a light beam (linearly polarized) passes through an optically active material, such as a quartz crystal, and projected vertically on the optical axis, the output beam will be polarized equatorially, and the vibration level will rotate at a certain angle [1], [2], [3]. A number of crystals, liquids, solutions, and vapors rotate the electric field of linearly polarized light that passes through them [4], [5], [6], [7]. Many different physical effects are applied to optical isotropic and transparent materials that cause them to behave as optical active materials, where they are able to rotate the polarization level of the polarized light linearly and pass through it [8], [9], [10]. These effects include mechanical strength, electric field, and magnetic field. By placing one of these effects on an optically transparent medium, it changes the behavior of the light travelling through it [11].

scholarly journals MEASURING THE MAGNETIC BIREFRINGENCE OF VACUUM: THE PVLAS EXPERIMENT

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (15) ◽  
pp. 1260017 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. ZAVATTINI ◽  
U. GASTALDI ◽  
R. PENGO ◽  
G. RUOSO ◽  
F. DELLA VALLE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Nonlinear Electrodynamic ◽  
Test Setup ◽  
Magnetic Birefringence ◽  
Fabry Perot ◽  
The Status ◽  
Linearly Polarized ◽  
Physical Effects ◽  
High Finesse

We describe the principle and the status of the PVLAS experiment which is presently running at the INFN section of Ferrara, Italy, to detect the magnetic birefringence of vacuum. This is related to the QED vacuum structure and can be detected by measuring the ellipticity acquired by a linearly polarized light beam propagating through a strong magnetic field. Such an effect is predicted by the Euler–Heisenberg Lagrangian. The method is also sensitive to other hypothetical physical effects such as axion-like particles and in general to any fermion/boson millicharged particle. Here we report on the construction of our apparatus based on a high finesse (> 2·105) Fabry–Perot cavity and two 0.9 m long 2.5 T permanent dipole rotating magnets, and on the measurements performed on a scaled down test setup. With the test setup we have improved by about a factor 2 the limit on the parameter Ae describing nonlinear electrodynamic effects in vacuum: Ae < 2.9 · 10-21 T-2 @ 95% C.L.

Basic features of a charged particle dynamics in a laser beam with static axial magnetic field

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Dubik ◽  
M.J. Małachowski
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Charged Particle ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Laser Beam ◽  
Analytical Solutions ◽  
Axial Magnetic Field ◽  
Dynamic Equations ◽  
Graphical Form ◽  
Particle Rotation

AbstractIn this paper, the trajectory and kinetic energy of a charged particle, subjected to interaction from a laser beam containing an additionally applied external static axial magnetic field, have been analyzed. We give the rigorous analytical solutions of the dynamic equations. The obtained analytical solutions have been verified by performing calculations using the derived solutions and the well known Runge-Kutta procedure for solving original dynamic equations. Both methods gave the same results. The simulation results have been obtained and presented in graphical form using the derived solutions. Apart from the laser beam, we show the results for a maser beam. The obtained analytical solutions enabled us to perform a quantitative illustration, in a graphical form of the impact of many parameters on the shape, dimensions and the motion direction along a trajectory. The kinetic energy of electrons has also been studied and the energy oscillations in time with a period equal to the one of a particle rotation have been found. We show the appearance of, so-called, stationary trajectories (hypocycloid or epicycloid) which are the projections of the real trajectory onto the (x, y) plane. Increase in laser or maser beam intensity results in the increase in particle’s trajectory dimension which was found to be proportional to the amplitude of the electric field of the electromagnetic wave. However, external magnetic field increases the results in shrinking of the trajectories. Performed studies show that not only amplitude of the electric field but also the static axial magnetic field plays a crucial role in the acceleration process of a charged particle.At the authors of this paper best knowledge, the precise analytical solutions and theoretical analysis of the trajectories and energy gains by the charged particles accelerated in the laser beam and magnetic field are lacking in up to date publications. The authors have an intention to clarify partly some important aspects connected with this process. The presented theoretical studies apply for arbitrary charged particle and the attached figures-for electrons only.

The electrogyration effect in crystalline quartz

1977 ◽  
Vol 353 (1673) ◽  
pp. 177-192 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Transverse Electric ◽  
Light Wave ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Optical Modulators ◽  
Crystalline Quartz ◽  
The Third ◽  
Electric Field Dependence ◽  
Rank Tensor ◽  
Linearly Polarized

A linear electrogyration effect has been identified in crystalline α -quartz. This is an effect whereby the polarization direction of a linearly polarized light wave propagating in the crystal is rotated by the application of a transverse electric field. It is thus an electric field dependence of the optical activity in quartz. The third rank tensor characterizing the effect has been fully quantified. The effect has potential usefulness in measurement transducers and in optical modulators.

Optical Trapping in a Cesium Cell with Linearly Polarized Light and at Zero Magnetic Field

1994 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Höpe ◽  
D Haubrich ◽  
H Schadwinkel ◽  
F Strauch ◽  
D Meschede
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Optical Trapping ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Zero Magnetic Field ◽  
Linearly Polarized

scholarly journals VACUUM BIREFRINGENCE CAUSED BY ARBITRARY SPIN PARTICLES

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (04) ◽  
pp. 245-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. I. KRUGLOV
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Experimental Data ◽  
Laser Beam ◽  
Transverse Magnetic Field ◽  
Vacuum Polarization ◽  
Transverse Magnetic ◽  
Arbitrary Spin ◽  
Effective Lagrangian ◽  
Linearly Polarized ◽  
Higher Spin

We study the propagation of a linearly polarized laser beam in the external transverse magnetic field taking into consideration the vacuum polarization by arbitrary spin particles. Induced ellipticity of the beam is evaluated using the effective Lagrangian. With the help of the PVLAS experimental data, we obtain bounds on masses of charged higher spin particles contributed to ellipticity.

scholarly journals Effect of Interactions on the Quantization of the Chiral Photocurrent for Double-Weyl Semimetals

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ipsita Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Active Material ◽  
Quantum Hall ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Chiral Anomaly ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Circularly Polarized Light ◽  
Ac Electric Field ◽  
Topological Semimetals ◽  
Dc Current

The circular photogalvanic effect (CPGE) is the photocurrent generated in an optically active material in response to an applied ac electric field, and it changes sign depending on the chirality of the incident circularly polarized light. It is a non-linear dc current as it is second-order in the applied electric field, and for a certain range of low frequencies, takes on a quantized value proportional to the topological charge for a system which is a source of nonzero Berry flux. We show that for a non-interacting double-Weyl node, the CPGE is proportional to two quanta of Berry flux. On examining the effect of short-ranged Hubbard interactions upto first-order corrections, we find that this quantization is destroyed. This implies that unlike the quantum Hall effect in gapped phases or the chiral anomaly in field theories, the quantization of the CPGE in topological semimetals is not protected.

Magneto-optics

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Newnham
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Applied Magnetic Field ◽  
Faraday Effect ◽  
Magnetic Circular Dichroism ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Electronic Energy ◽  
Kerr Rotation ◽  
Linearly Polarized ◽  
Magneto Optic

The magneto-optic properties of interest are the Faraday Effect, Kerr Rotation, and the Cotton–Mouton Effect. In 1846, Michael Faraday discovered that when linearly polarized light passes through glass in the presence of a magnetic field, the plane of polarization is rotated. The Faraday Effect is now used in a variety of microwave and optical devices. Normally the Faraday experiment is carried out in transmission, but rotation also occurs in reflection, the so-called Kerr Rotation that is used in magneto-optic disks with Mbit storage capability. Other magneto-optic phenomena of less practical interest include the Cotton– Mouton Effect, a quadratic relationship between birefringence and magnetic field, and magnetic circular dichroism that is closely related to the Faraday Effect. A number of nonlinear optical effects of magnetic or magnetoelectric origin are also under study. Almost all these magnetooptical effects are caused by the splitting of electronic energy levels by a magnetic field. This splitting was first discovered by the Dutch physicist Zeeman in 1896, and is referred to as the Zeeman Effect. When linearly polarized light travels parallel to a magnetic field, the plane of polarization is rotated through an angle ψ. It is found that the angle of rotation is given by . . . ψ(ω) = V(ω)Ht, . . . where H is the applied magnetic field, t is the sample thickness, ω is the angular frequency of the electromagnetic wave, and V(ω) is the Verdet coefficient. Faraday rotation is observed in nonmagnetic materials as well as in ferromagnets. The Verdet coefficient of a commercial one-way glass is plotted as a function of wavelength in Fig. 31.1(a). Corning 8363 is a rare earth borate glass developed to remove reflections from optical systems. A polarized laser beam is transmitted through the glass parallel to the applied magnetic field. The plane of polarization is rotated 45◦ by the Faraday Effect. The transmitted beam passes through the analyzer that is set at 45◦ to the polarizer. But the reflected waves coming from the surface of the glass and from the analyzer are rotated another 45◦ as they return toward the laser.

scholarly journals Enantioselective synthesis of helical polydiacetylene by application of linearly polarized light and magnetic field

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangyang Xu ◽  
Guang Yang ◽  
Hongyan Xia ◽  
Gang Zou ◽  
Qijin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Enantioselective Synthesis ◽  
Linearly Polarized
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