Influence of Moisture Content on the Thermal Properties of Concrete Containing Agricultural Waste Materials

2016 ◽  
Vol 677 ◽  
pp. 241-245
Author(s):  
Dana Koňáková ◽  
Monika Čáchová ◽  
Eva Vejmelková
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Transport Parameters ◽  
Cement Replacement ◽  
Coir Pith

This article deals with concrete containing waste material originating in a coir fibres extraction from outer protective peel of a coconut. Coir pith is used as cement replacement in amount of 5% and 10%. The influence of moisture content on the thermal properties of studied concrete is determined by means of experimental measurements of basic physical properties, hygric transport parameters and thermal characteristics. From achieved results it can be concluded, that the higher amount of coir pith is used, the better values of thermal characteristics material show. But at the same time thermal characteristics are more influenced by moisture content.

scholarly journals Processing of Wild Sunflower with Different Moisture Contents into Solid Bio Fuel

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Fabie T. Dummapi ◽  
Jacqueline I. Liniasan ◽  
Marvin T. Valentin ◽  
Milagros B. Onalan ◽  
Leonardo D. Dumalhin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Ignition Time ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Burning Time ◽  
Wild Sunflower ◽  
Average Mass ◽  
Moisture Contents

Wild sunflower with moisture contents of 16%, 12% and 8% was densified without the addition of binding agent. The physical properties of the formed briquettes such as mass, dimensions, volume, density and shattering resistance were evaluated. Thermal properties like ignition time, burning time, ash content, and thermal fuel efficiency by means of boiling test were also evaluated. Wild Sunflower stems were gathered and shredded using locally fabricated biomass shredder available at the Research Office of Benguet State University, and were processed into the desired size and moisture contents. Right after the briquetting operation, the physical properties of the briquette were measured and then stored in a zip bag for 24 hours. After the storage, same measurement was conducted. Results show that the influence of moisture contents on the average mass, dimension, shattering resistance, volume and density was statistically insignificant. The wild sunflower with moisture content of 16% had the highest shattering resistance of 88.85%. Furthermore, the influence of moisture content on the thermal properties like ignition time, burning time and ash content are statistically insignificant. Among the moisture contents, the fastest ignition time of 43.75 sec with longest burning time was recorded under 12%. Ash content was also lowest at 12%.

Pore Structure and Thermal Characteristics of Clay Bricks

2014 ◽  
Vol 982 ◽  
pp. 104-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Čáchová ◽  
Dana Koňáková ◽  
Eva Vejmelková ◽  
Martin Keppert ◽  
Kirill Polozhiy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Structural Material ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Pore System ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Vacuum Saturation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
System Characteristics

Clay brick was perhaps to be the first artificial structural material. First bricks were dried by sun; later people had started to burn bricks by fire and in that time further enhancements appeared. This article deals with two kinds of fired clay bricks; basic physical properties, pore system characteristics and thermal properties are studied. The values of basic physical properties by water vacuum saturation vary slightly; bulk density shows values around 1880 kg/m3 and in the case of open porosity it is around 27%. Regarding thermal properties the difference is higher, obtained results of thermal conductivities in dried state vary by about 33%.

Properties of Cement Composites Containing Coir Pith

2014 ◽  
Vol 982 ◽  
pp. 136-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Vejmelková ◽  
Dana Koňáková ◽  
Anna Krojidlová ◽  
Veronika Hovorková ◽  
Monika Čáchová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Transport ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Cement Matrix ◽  
Cement Composites ◽  
Coir Fiber ◽  
Transport Parameters ◽  
Coir Pith ◽  
Adhesion Ability ◽  
Mechanical Strengths

Application of agricultural waste materials as building materials not just provides solutions of environmental problems related to the waste management, but it also decreases the use of limited available natural resources and energy. The research in this work is focused on using coconut waste, in the form of natural and chemically treated coir pith, as admixture partially replacing cement in cement composites. The coir pith is the residue acquired during the extraction coir fiber from the outer protective husk of the coconut. Basic physical properties, mechanical, thermal and hygric parameters of several mixtures were studied. The results of measurements showed the influence of amount of coconut addition primarily on parameters such as the bulk density, open porosity, mechanical strengths, moisture transport parameters and thermal parameters. Restrictions for utilization of this waste material relate primarily with its low adhesion ability to the cement matrix.

Physical and Thermal Properties of Chia, Kañiwa, Triticale, and Farro Seeds as a Function of Moisture Content

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-429
Author(s):  
Rashid Suleiman ◽  
Kun Xie ◽  
Kurt A. Rosentrater
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Future Application ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Storage Structures

Abstract.The knowledge of physical and thermal properties in cereals, grains, and oilseeds establishes an essential engineering tool for the design of equipment, storage structures, and processes. The physical properties and thermal properties for Chia, Kañiwa, Farro, and Triticale grains were investigated at three levels of moisture content: 10%, 15%, and 20% (d.b.). Physical properties included 1000-seed weight, dimensions, mean diameters, surface area, volume, sphericity, and aspect ratio. Results indicated 1000-seed weight increased linearly with moisture content from 2.0 to 3.5 g for chia, 2.5 to 4.0 g for kañiwa, 42.7 to 48.3 g for farro, and 51.0 to 53.7 g for triticale. The porosity for farro and triticale increased from 38.71% to 44.1%, 40.37% to 44.65%, respectively, as moisture increased. Angle of repose increased as moisture content increased, as did values of L, a*, and b* for all grains. Thermal properties of kañiwa, farro, and triticale showed high correlation to moisture content. A negative relationship was observed for the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity, while the thermal diffusivity had a positive linear increase trend with moisture content. This study showed that physical and thermal properties varied from grain to grain as a function of moisture content, and these data will be useful for future application development. Keywords: Chia, Farro, Grains, Kañiwa, Moisture, Physical properties, Thermal properties, Triticale.

A Consideration on the Behavior of Hydraulic Pressure Ripples in Relation to Hydraulic Oil Temperature

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuichi Nakagawa ◽  
Takayoshi Ichiyanagi ◽  
Takao Nishiumi
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Bulk Modulus ◽  
Temperature Change ◽  
Speed Of Sound ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Hydraulic Pressure ◽  
Hydraulic Oil ◽  
Pressure Ripples

It is well known that hydraulic noise can change as a system warms up. That change can be a factor for misperception of mechanical failure, because noise can play an important role as a signal that indicates abnormal operation. It is therefore important to understand the behavior of hydraulic pressure ripples that are a source of hydraulic noise in operating conditions, and how they change in relation to the temperature of the hydraulic oil. This study has investigated the ripple behavior that results from temperature change in simple hydraulic systems, using mathematical models that took thermal properties into account. Physical properties of the oil and the speed of sound in the oil have been defined as temperature-related variables in the mathematical models. The physical properties that should be used in the mathematical models have been obtained directly from the oil manufacturer. In contrast, the speed of sound in the oil has to be obtained from the isentropic tangent bulk modulus of the oil in an actual operating condition. That has been determined from the specific volume ratio of entrained air to the oil and the isentropic tangent bulk modulus of the only oil. The thermal properties of the speed of sound in the oil have been determined from the thermal characteristics of these variables, and it has been found that the speed of sound in the oil decreases with a rise in the oil temperature. The mathematical models of pressure ripples have shown that there were three distinct phenomena resulting from the temperature change of the oil. The first is the change of wavelength. The second is the spatial dependence of the thermal characteristics of the pressure ripples. The third is the difference of the thermal characteristics of the pressure amplitude at the peak in spatial modes. These changes that result from the temperature variation tend to be large at higher frequency.

scholarly journals Rice husk derived waste materials as partial cement replacement in lightweight concrete

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 567-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celso Yoji Kawabata ◽  
Holmer Savastano Junior ◽  
Joana Sousa-Coutinho
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Cement Replacement ◽  
Chloride Ion Penetration ◽  
Partial Cement Replacement ◽  
Physical And Chemical

In this study rice husk ash (RHA) and broiler bed ash from rice husk (BBA), two agricultural waste materials, have been assessed for use as partial cement replacement materials for application in lightweight concrete. Physical and chemical characteristics of RHA and BBA were first analyzed. Three similar types of lightweight concrete were produced, a control type in which the binder was just CEMI cement (CTL) and two other types with 10% cement replacement with, respectively, RHA and BBA. All types of similar lightweight concrete were prepared to present the same workability by adjusting the amount of superplasticizer. Properties of concrete investigated were compressive and flexural strength at different ages, absorption by capillarity, resistivity and resistance to chloride ion penetration (CTH method) and accelerated carbonation. Test results obtained for 10% cement replacement level in lightweight concrete indicate that although the addition of BBA conducted to lower performance in terms of the degradation indicative tests, RHA led to the enhancement of mechanical properties, especially early strength and also fast ageing related results, further contributing to sustainable construction with energy saver lightweight concrete.

Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Composites Containing Waste Coir Pith

2014 ◽  
Vol 1054 ◽  
pp. 238-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Čáchová ◽  
Dana Koňáková ◽  
Eva Vejmelková ◽  
Martin Keppert ◽  
Pavel Reiterman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Material Parameters ◽  
Coir Pith ◽  
Vacuum Saturation ◽  
Saturation Method ◽  
Helium Pycnometry ◽  
Properties Of Composites

Agricultural waste materials can often find an application in the production of concrete or mortar. In this paper, several composites containing waste coir pith are studied. A reference material without coir pith is analyzed as well, for the sake of comparison. The investigated material parameters include the basic physical properties determined by the water vacuum saturation method and helium pycnometry, compressive strength, bending strength, and thermal properties.

Effect of the number of arms on the mechanical properties of a star-shaped cyclic olefin copolymer

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (41) ◽  
pp. 5578-5583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takumitsu Kida ◽  
Ryo Tanaka ◽  
Koh-hei Nitta ◽  
Takeshi Shiono
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Secondary Amine ◽  
Aggregation Number ◽  
Drastic Change ◽  
Cyclic Olefin Copolymer ◽  
Cyclic Olefin

The increase of aggregation number in a star-shaped cyclic olefin copolymer was succeeded by using a triazine-based secondary amine, which caused a drastic change in physical properties without changing the thermal properties.

scholarly journals Sustainable Panels Made with Industrial and Agricultural Waste: Thermal and Environmental Critical Analysis of the Experimental Results

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 494
Author(s):  
Paola Ricciardi ◽  
Elisa Belloni ◽  
Francesca Merli ◽  
Cinzia Buratti
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Impact Reduction ◽  
Combined Solution ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Recycled Waste

Recycled waste materials obtained from industrial and agricultural processes are becoming promising thermal and acoustic insulating solutions in building applications; their use can play an important role in the environmental impact reduction. The aim of the present paper is the evaluation of the thermal performance of recycled waste panels consisting of cork scraps, rice husk, coffee chaff, and end-life granulated tires, glued in different weight ratios and pressed. Six panels obtained from the mixing of these waste materials were fabricated and analyzed. In particular, the scope is the selection of the best compromise solutions from the thermal and environmental points of view. To this aim, thermal resistances were measured in laboratory and a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) analysis was carried out for each panel; a cross-comparative examination was performed in order to optimize their properties and find the best panels solutions to be assembled in the future. Life Cycle Analysis was carried out in terms of primary Embodied Energy and Greenhouse Gas Emissions, considering a ‘‘cradle-to-gate” approach. The obtained thermal conductivities varied in the 0.055 to 0.135 W/mK range, in the same order of magnitude of many traditional systems. The best thermal results were obtained for the panels made of granulated cork, rice husk, and coffee chaff in this order. The rubber granulate showed higher values of the thermal conductivity (about 0.15 W/mK); a very interesting combined solution was the panel composed of cork (60%), rice husk (20%), and coffee chaff (20%), with a thermal conductivity of 0.08 W/mK and a Global Warming Potential of only 2.6 kg CO2eq/m2. Considering the Embodied Energy (CED), the best solution is a panel composed of 56% of cork and 44% of coffee chaff (minimum CED and thermal conductivity).

scholarly journals Physio-Chemical Characterization of Indigenous Agricultural Waste Materials for the Development of Potting Media

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidra Kiran ◽  
Javed Iqbal ◽  
Subhan Danish ◽  
Allah Baksh ◽  
Syed Inam Ullah Shah Bukhari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Potting Media
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