Effect of Copper Addition to Aluminum on its Metallurgical, Mechanical Characteristics and Surface Roughness after Rolling

2016 ◽  
Vol 689 ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Adnan I.O. Zaid ◽  
Safwan M.A. Al-Qawabah
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Pure Aluminum ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Rolling Process ◽  
Copper Addition ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Effect Of Copper ◽  
Cast Condition

Aluminum and its alloys are widely used materials in industrial and engineering applications. They are second in use after steel due to their attractive properties e.g. strength-to-weight ratio, their electrical and thermal conductivities, and corrosion resistance. However, against these attractive properties commercially pure aluminum has certain limitations in the cast condition because it solidifies in large grain size columnar structure which reduces its mechanical strength and surface quality. It is, therefore, always alloyed with other elements to reduce or eliminate these defects. In this paper, the effect of copper addition at a rate of 4% Wt. to commercially pure aluminum both in the cast and after rolling conditions is investigated. Aluminum sheets and aluminum-4% copper sheets were cold rolled in three successive passes, from 4 mm to 3mm to 1.3 mm. After each pass, the grain size, Vickers micro-hardness and surface roughness were determined and discussed. It was found that addition of 4% Cu to commercially pure Al in the cast condition resulted in refining its microstructure both in the cast and after rolling conditions. Furthermore, the rolling process resulted in enhancement of the surface quality only after the first and second passes.

Effect of 4% Cu Addition to Commercially Pure Aluminum Grain Refined by 0.15% V on its Ductility and Surface Roughness

2017 ◽  
Vol 887 ◽  
pp. 116-121
Author(s):  
Safwan M. Al-Qawabah ◽  
Adnan I.O. Zaid ◽  
Nabeel Alshabatat
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Pure Aluminum ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Pronounced Reduction

In this paper, the effect of addition of 4%wt. copper to commercially pure aluminum grain refined by 0.15% vanadium on its grain size, hardness, ultimate tensile strength, UTS, ductility and surface roughness is investigated. It is found that when they are added individually or together causes pronounced reduction in grain size, i.e., effective refiners. Similarly, they increase its hardness and ultimate tensile strength but reduce its ductility. Regarding their effect on the surface quality, they enhance the surface quality if added individually. However, they reduce it if added together, i.e. they increase its surface roughness.

Effect of 4% Cu Addition to Commercially Pure Aluminum Grain Refined by 0.15% V on its Mechanical Behavior, Fatigue Life and Strength

2017 ◽  
Vol 887 ◽  
pp. 122-127
Author(s):  
Nabeel Alshabatat ◽  
Adnan I.O. Zaid ◽  
Safwan M. Al-Qawabah
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Fatigue Strength ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Pure Aluminum ◽  
Columnar Microstructure ◽  
Copper Addition ◽  
Commercially Pure

Aluminum and its alloys are the second used materials after steels due to their useful and attractive properties. In this paper, the effects of 4% copper addition to commercially pure aluminum grain refined by 0.15% vanadium are investigated. In particular, the effects of alloying on the mechanical behavior, fatigue life and strength are considered. The main objective of this study is to improve the mechanical strength and the fatigue strength of aluminum by refining its columnar microstructure. The obtained results show that the addition of 4% copper and 0.15%V to commercially pure aluminum significantly refined its grain size, and hence improve its mechanical strength as well as its fatigue life and strength.

scholarly journals Effects of Processing Parameters on the Corrosion Performance of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Grown Oxide on Commercially Pure Aluminum

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Getinet Asrat Mengesha ◽  
Jinn P. Chu ◽  
Bih-Show Lou ◽  
Jyh-Wei Lee
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Oxide Layer ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Surface Engineering ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Pure Aluminum ◽  
Corrosion Performance ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Peo Coatings

The plasma electrolyte oxidation (PEO) process has been considered an environmentally friendly surface engineering method for improving the corrosion resistance of light weight metals. In this work, the corrosion resistance of commercially pure Al and PEO treated Al substrates were studied. The PEO layers were grown on commercially pure aluminum substrates using two different alkaline electrolytes with different addition concentrations of Si3N4 nanoparticles (0, 0.5 and 1.5 gL−1) and different duty cycles (25%, 50%, and 80%) at a fixed frequency. The corrosion properties of PEO coatings were investigated by the potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy test in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solutions. It showed that the weight gains, layer thickness and surface roughness of the PEO grown oxide layer increased with increasing concentrations of Si3N4 nanoparticles. The layer thickness, surface roughness, pore size, and porosity of the PEO oxide layer decreased with decreasing duty cycle. The layer thickness and weight gain of PEO coating followed a linear relationship. The PEO layer grown using the Na2B4O7∙10H2O contained electrolyte showed an excellent corrosion resistance and low surface roughness than other PEO coatings with Si3N4 nanoparticle additives. It is noticed that the corrosion performance of PEO coatings were not improved by the addition of Si3N4 nanoparticle in the electrolytic solutions, possibly due to its detrimental effect to the formation of a dense microstructure.

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Twist Extruded Pure Aluminum Processed by Post-Rolling

2011 ◽  
Vol 264-265 ◽  
pp. 183-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ranjbar Bahadori ◽  
Seyed Ali Asghar Akbari Mousavi ◽  
A.R. Shahab
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Pure Aluminum ◽  
Rolling Process ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Ultrafine Grained ◽  
Twist Extrusion ◽  
Aluminum Sample ◽  
Deformation Processes ◽  
Ultrafine Grained Materials ◽  
Extrusion Method

Interest in processing of bulk ultrafine-grained materials has grown significantly over the last years. Severe plastic deformation processes such as twist extrusion have been the essence of these researches and used to decrease the bulk grain size. The bulk gain size can reduce if twist extrusion process combines with a conventional forming technique. In this study, the effects of reduction by employing the rolling process after the twist extrusion method were considered. The twist extrusion process of the commercially pure aluminum sample was carried out using a twisted die with 60º die angle, and the samples were processed through rolling subsequently. As a result of rolling, average microstructure grain size decreased significantly and the hardness amount increased accordingly

scholarly journals Texture and Microtexture of Pure (6N) and Commercially Pure Aluminum after Deformation by Extrusion with Forward-Backward Rotating Die (Kobo)

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 461-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bieda ◽  
S. Boczkal ◽  
P. Koprowski ◽  
K. Sztwiertnia ◽  
K. Pieła
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Pure Aluminum ◽  
Pure Aluminium ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Electron Backscatter ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Crystallographic Orientations

Pure aluminium (6N) and commercially pure aluminium (99.7) was deformed by KOBO method. Microstructure and texture of both materials after deformation was analyzed by means of scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Advanced methods of crystallographic orientations measurements like Electron Backscatter Diffraction - EBSD (SEM) and microdiffraction (TEM) was used. Grain size distribution and misorientation between grains in cross and longitudinal sections of the samples were analyzed. Differences in size and homogeneity of the grains were observed in both materials. Pure aluminium was characterized by larger grain size in both sections of extruded material. Whereas commercially pure aluminium reveals smaller grain size and more homogeneous and stable microstructure.

FABRICATION OF NANOSTRUCTURED TUBE BY A NOVEL SPD PROCESS: ACCUMULATIVE SPIN-BONDING (ASB)

2012 ◽  
Vol 05 ◽  
pp. 342-349
Author(s):  
M. S. MOHEBBI ◽  
A. AKBARZADEH
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Pure Aluminum ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Tension Tests ◽  
Average Grain Size

A novel SPD process for manufacturing high strength tubes and cylinders titled as accumulative spin-bonding (ASB) is proposed. This process is applied to a commercially pure aluminum up to four cycles and its effects on the microstructure and mechanical properties are examined by optical microscopy, TEM, microhardness and tension tests. The results show that ultra-fine grains are developed during the process leading to a nanostructure with average grain size in order of 150 nm. Mechanical properties indicate that while the hardness of outer layers is more than inner ones, the hardness and its homogeneity is increased by increasing the ASB cycles. As a result of grain refinement and the scheme of hardness development, the yield and tensile strength of material are increased significantly up to the values of 194 and 235 MPa, respectively.

Effect of Zirconium Addition on the Grain Size and Mechanical Behavior of Aluminum Grain Refined by Titanium Plus Boron (Ti+B) in the as Cast and Cold Extruded Conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 510-511 ◽  
pp. 241-247
Author(s):  
A.I.O. Zaid ◽  
S.M.A. Al-Qawabah
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Size Structure ◽  
Pure Aluminum ◽  
Columnar Structure ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Grain Refiner ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Cast Condition ◽  
Strength And Ductility

Aluminum and its alloys are the second most commonly used metal for a variety of industrial applications. They normally solidify in coarse grain columnar structure which tends to reduce their mechanical behavior and surface quality. It was found that this large grain size structure can be refined by using titanium, Ti, or titanium plus boron, Ti+B, and using the latter resulted in reducing the amount of Ti to fifth its values although boron itself is not a grain refiner. This is why it is becoming customary in the aluminum foundry to add Ti or Ti+B to their melt before solidification. The available literature reveals that most of the work is directed towards the metallurgical aspects and little was directed on the mechanical aspects. To the best of the authors knowledge, no work was directed on the aspects of grain refiners on the formability of metals. In this paper, the effect of addition of Zr on the mechanical properties of commercially pure aluminum grain refined by Ti+B in the as cast and extruded conditions is investigated. Comparison between the addition of Zr alone or Zr+Ti+B is also investigated. It was found that addition of Ti+B either alone or in the presence of Zr resulted in grain refinement of aluminum both in the as cast and in the cold extruded conditions. The maximum reduction in grain size was 53.22% and 76.92%, respectively. Similarly, it was found that addition of Ti+B either alone or in the presence of Zr to Al resulted in improvement of its Vickers's hardness, However addition of Zr alone to Al resulted in decrease of its hardness in the as cast conditions but increase in the extruded condition .The maximum increase was in the case of adding both of them in the extruded condition being 94.59 %, (from Hv 37 to Hv72). Similarly the ultimate tensile strength, UTS, was improved at all additions except when Ti+B or Zr is added alone. On the whole it may be concluded that addition of Zr to Al grain refined by Ti+B resulted in enhancement of its grain size and improvement of its hardness, mechanical strength and ductility in the cold extruded conditions and resulted in slight decrease of its ductility when added in the as cast condition.

WC/Co Tool Wear in Dry Turning of Commercially Pure Aluminium

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Wang ◽  
Patrick Y. Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Pure Aluminum ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Pure Aluminium ◽  
Dry Turning ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Flank Surface

Dry turning of commercially pure aluminum was performed with carbide inserts to generate tool wear. Thus, the wear on the carbides tools were generated by purely interacting with aluminum and without any abrasive, which would be the baseline wear for all aluminum alloys. The flank wear was the main mode, which increased with the cutting speed and decreased as the grain size of the carbides increases. Two types of tool wear pattern have been observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM): (1) the cavities left from the carbide grains which were dislodged by the adhered layer of the work material and (2) the abrasion on the flank surface caused by the dislodged carbide grains. The width of the scoring marks was correlated with the carbide grain size, which corroborates the abrasion by the dislodged carbide grains from the carbide tool. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) showed that the concentration of the cobalt binder was reduced on the worn area of the insert. The preferential wear of the cobalt binder is believed to facilitate the carbide grain pull-out. Therefore, the wear mechanism in turning pure aluminum is a combination of adhesion and abrasion.

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