Research of Properties of Modern Construction Materials Based on Industrial Waste, Waste Wood and Metallurgical Industries

2019 ◽  
Vol 802 ◽  
pp. 113-124
Author(s):  
Ruslan Aharonovich Abramov ◽  
Maksim Sergeevich Sokolov ◽  
Svetlana Vyacheslavovna Derevianko
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Total Output ◽  
Material Consumption ◽  
Waste Wood ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Materials Used

Material consumption of production of building materials is determined by the amount of raw materials used for their production, to the total output. One of the ways to reduce material consumption is the use of industrial waste as the main raw material for the production of new construction products. Most of the waste generated as a result of the activities of enterprises are man-made raw materials for the production of products such as brick, lime, cement, etc.Given that man-made raw materials are similar to the natural composition and physical properties and even has a number of advantages (heat treatment, increased dispersion, etc.), the manufacture of building materials from it is usually profitable and justified [4, 5].

Green gold of Africa – Can growing native bamboo in Ethiopia become a commercially viable business?

2014 ◽  
Vol 90 (05) ◽  
pp. 628-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Böck
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Sustainable Business ◽  
Subtropical Zone ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Increasing Demand

With concerns about climate change and the search for sustainable construction materials, significant attention is now being paid to Africa's natural resources. Ethiopia, known as Africa's political capital, has a rapidly expanding economy with increasing demand for new construction materials. Through public private partnerships projects the country is developing a sustainable business model to promote bamboo as a raw material. The subtropical zone of Ethiopia is home to approximately 65% of Africa's bamboo resources, an area of over 1 million hectares. Bamboo is potentially an ideal source of local, sustainable purpose-engineered building materials for growing cities not only in Ethiopia but across Africa. Production of conventional construction materials such as steel and concrete is expensive, highly energy intensive and unsustainable, requiring large quantities of water and is strongly dependent on imported raw materials. Bamboo is a renewable building material widely cultivated in Ethiopia but not yet utilized in modern construction. Structural Bamboo Products (SBP), similar to engineered wood products, have excellent potential to partially replace the use of more energy-intensive materials. Projects such as African Bamboo are taking steps in managing, cultivating and using Ethiopian bamboo species to help mitigate rapid deforestation in East Africa by creating alternative “wood” sources and sustainable business opportunities.

scholarly journals Construction of affordable housing using local building materials

2020 ◽  
pp. 154-165
Author(s):  
V. V. Tytok
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
The Cost

Trends in housing development should be based on the geographical location and climatic conditions of the region, national characteristics and culture, natural resources, transport links, density and living standards. Construction significantly affects the socio-economic development of the region. In this regard, increasing the sustainability of the regional construction complex, which is based on the building materials industry and the construction industry is a relevant and promising area of research.Demand in the building materials market continues to stimulate increased interest in the development of new types of efficient and inexpensive building materials. Since construction is one of the most material-intensive sectors of the economy, which consumes a large number of construction materials and products, various measures are taken to reduce their cost.In this regard, recently in the construction seek to make greater use of local building materials. This allows you to unload transport from long-distance transportation and significantly reduces the cost of construction. However, the building materials industry cannot develop by focusing only on natural sources of raw materials, as the costs of their extraction and processing are constantly growing. The use of man-made waste provides production with a rich source of cheap and often already prepared raw materials, which reduces the cost of manufacturing building materials.One of the promising areas in the construction of affordable housing is the maximum use of building materials and products that can be obtained from local raw materials and industrial waste. As local building materials are offered: clay, sand, soil, straw, reeds, flax. The use of industrial waste solves both environmental, fuel and energy problems and expands the raw material base of building materials.

On the Issue of Reducing the Energy Intensity of the Silicate Composites Production with the Unconventional Aluminosilicate Raw Materials Use

2019 ◽  
Vol 974 ◽  
pp. 20-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Volodchenko ◽  
Valery S. Lesovik ◽  
L.K. Zagorodnjuk ◽  
E.S. Glagolev
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Green Technologies ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Clay Rocks

The energy intensity of production of the most common wall materials in Russia is significantly higher than their foreign counterparts. The urgent task is to reduce the energy intensity of the production of building materials, to develop and introduce energy-saving nature-like technologies for the production of building materials, which corresponds to modern trends in the development of "green" technologies. It is possible to reduce the energy intensity of the production of silicate materials due to the transition from traditional raw materials to the use of unconventional aluminosilicate raw materials of various genesis, in particular, clay rocks of the unfinished stage of mineral formation. In the course of the research, the possibility of the synthesis of the new growth in the system “aluminosilicate raw material – calcium hydroxide – water” under the conditions of hydrothermal treatment was shown. Due to the high reactivity of the raw materials used, under the conditions of hydrothermal processing, the synthesis of tumors occurs not only at high pressures and temperatures, but also at temperatures up to 100 °C. This will allow to obtain efficient hollow-walled wall building materials using energy-saving technology.

scholarly journals Physicochemical, mineralogical and radiological properties of red mud samples as secondary raw materials

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Snezana Nenadovic ◽  
Gabor Mucsi ◽  
Ljiljana Kljajevic ◽  
Miljana Mirkovic ◽  
Milos Nenadovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Mud ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Radium Equivalent Activity

The main goal of the presented research was the preliminary investigation of possibility of red mud - Hungarian dump sites Almasfuzito (sample A) and Ajka (sample B) - application as a pigment or as a raw material for use in the construction materials industry. Also, the aim of this work was the characterization of red mud as industrial waste generated by the Bayer process in the aluminum industry - which may cause environmental problems if appropriate treatment is not carried out. The main mineral phases of both red mud are hematite (Fe2O3), calcite (CaCO3), gibbsite (Al(OH)3) and they consists of particles of median particle size 2.1 mm (sample A) and 2.5 mm (sample B) and have a characteristic red color, which was the reason for its testing for use in the industry of building materials as a pigment for standard concrete mixtures. The radionuclides content in the samples was determined by gamma spectrometry, and the radiological hazards originating from 238U, 232Th, 40K in the samples, were assessed through the radium equivalent activity, and the external radiation hazard index. The absorbed dose rate and the annual effective dose were calculated in accordance with the UNSCEAR 2010 report and the results are presented in this paper.

scholarly journals Construction Waste as a Resource in a Sustainable Built Environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (08) ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
Martina Zbašnik-Senegačnik ◽  
Ljudmila Koprivec
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Construction Waste ◽  
Key Factor

The built environment requires ever-increasing amounts of raw material resources and at the same time bears the responsibility for the resulting waste. Waste is generated throughout the life cycle. In the initial phases it is referred to as industrial waste, while during construction, reconstruction, and demolition it is called construction waste. Construction waste is most voluminous but it also has a great potential in circular economy that aims at the closed loop cycle where already used construction materials and components are recovered as raw materials. Sustainable building principles include four basic strategies, waste avoidance, construction materials and components re-use, continued use, and recycling. The possibility of construction waste treatment and its possible recovery in the building process depends on the type of prevailing materials that are contained in building elements as well as on detachability, separability and inseparability of structural joints and components. The architect plays a responsible role in decreasing the volume of construction waste as the conception of a building represents the key factor in sustainable construction waste management. Planning a construction with a good dismantling potential at the end of the building’s life cycle includes a number of factors such as the choice of building materials with a low environmental impact, the design of detachable composite materials and structures as well as the design of mono material structures. This article focuses on waste resulting from the built environment and discusses architectural concepts with a potential of reducing the volume of construction waste and its potential recovery as a construction resource.

scholarly journals PREPARING SOLUTIONS BASED ON INDUSTRIAL WASTE FOR FRACTURED SURFACE STRENGTHENING

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (443) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Aitkazinova Sh.A., ◽  
◽  
Bek А.А., ◽  
Derbisov K.T., ◽  
Donenbayeva N.S., ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fractured Rocks ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Technogenic Raw Materials

Results of longstanding researches of Satbayev University scientists on the development of modified building materials to strengthen cracked mountain structures based on industrial waste are considered. Industrial processing of technogenic raw materials (enrichment and processing waste, overburden and enclosing rocks), which is similar in composition to natural and used in conventional trend, scarcely different from industrial processing of mineral raw materials. Creation of effective technologies for the processing of technogenic raw materials is an urgent task, which make it possible to obtain competitive products from it for various industries. Various methods of preparing solutions for strengthening of fractured rocks and building structures are analyzed. Research results of tailings of the Balkhash Mining and Metallurgical Combine and preparing solutions for strengthening fractured rocks and underground mining structures are presented. Rock mass strengthening in cracked areas is achieved by adding substances into the cracks, which after hardening and solidification with rocks, increase its shearing resistance characteristics. The most widespread hardening methods were cementation during mine workings (underground structures) in fractured rocks. Significance of obtained results for construction industry is in expansion and reproduction of raw material base of building materials industry through the use of Mining and metallurgical complex waste (tailings) and development of resource-saving technologies. Practical significance of work is in the detailed development of modified method for the production of building materials and products.

Man-Made Waste as a Raw Material Base for the Production of Modern Construction Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
M.S. Saydumov ◽  
S.-A.Y. Murtazaev ◽  
A.Kh. Alaskhanov ◽  
I.S. Dagin ◽  
M.R. Nakhayev
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Secondary Products ◽  
Natural Sand ◽  
Technogenic Raw Materials

The results of tests of secondary construction materials derived from man-made materials are presented. The granulometric and chemical compositions of secondary products from technogenic raw materials are investigated. The analysis of local natural and man-made raw materials base of the Chechen Republic. The possibilities of using local natural raw materials (crushed stone from gravel, natural sand, gravel, gypsum, cement, etc.) in the technology of building composite materials are shown. The suitability and efficiency of the use of technogenic raw materials in concrete and mortar technology, justified by the complex economic and environmental effect of its use in the practice of building materials science, have been experimentally proved. It has been established that with the introduction of advanced innovations in the field of concrete science it is possible to produce competitive products that are not inferior to foreign analogues.

Ecological Suitability Evaluation of Composites with a Defined Waste Content

2014 ◽  
Vol 1000 ◽  
pp. 294-297
Author(s):  
Kristýna Urbánková ◽  
Ilona Kukletová ◽  
Hana Štegnerová
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Suitability Evaluation ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Ecological Suitability

Economic and environmental dealing with waste requires development of new technologies for their usage. An incorporation of industrial waste material in construction materials and products is one of the options how to reduce raw materials cost and save natural sources of raw materials. In case of wastes utilization as a component of building materials, it is necessary to know their technological and ecological suitability. This study deals with some ecotoxicological and analytical methods for evaluation of ecological availability of composites with defined content of waste. These methods describe impact of the substances on the environment and living organisms.

scholarly journals Problems and prospects of usage of secondary products of processing of natural phosphates for construction materials

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Ilin A.P. ◽  
Kochetkov S.P. ◽  
Bryl S.V. ◽  
Rukhlin G.V.
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Classical Method ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Total Output ◽  
Secondary Products ◽  
Apatite Concentrate ◽  
Technogenic Raw Materials ◽  
Phosphogypsum Waste

In the article the problems and prospects of using of secondary products of processing of natural phosphates for obtaining building materials. This technology for production of complex fertilizers is carried out on a Chemical enterprises in Russia: Veliky Novgorod, Dorogouge and Kirovo-Chepetsk. It is noted that from 1 ton of P2O5 of apatite it is produced of CaCO3 about 80 kg. Total output of manmade chalk if you use apatite concentrate represented 896 thousand ton and does not solve the problem of the shortfall of cement in Russia technogenic raw materials, in addition, all obtained in this process, liquid wastes and solid by-products are utilized within these companies without reference to the construction industry. To use the maximum amount of phosphogypsum waste produced by the best Perera-motivate on the spot in sulphuric acid, the who-rotated in the manufacturing associated with obtaining cement, sinter for road construction or lime (depending on the needs of the market). According to classical method on 1 ton of 100% sulfuric acid and 1 ton port lancement spent 2.05 ton hosphogypsum (in terms of dry dihydrate).

Extension of Raw Material Base for Ceramic Building Bricks Production

2017 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 352-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.S. Lupandina ◽  
N.Yu. Kiryushina ◽  
E.V. Porozhnyuk
Keyword(s):  
Water Purification ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Optimum Amount ◽  
Production Wastes ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Ceramic Building

The purpose of the paper is to determine the possibility of using water purification slime as a raw material in the production of ceramic building brick. The spectrophotometric, power dispersing, atomic and absorption methods of research and biotesting were used. The possibility of using the water purifying slime as a pore-forming component is proved by the production of ceramsite brick. The optimum amount of the component of water purification slime to the main raw materials has been established. The small level of heavy metals leaching from the received construction material has been experimentally proved. The article can be of interest to the experts in the field of creating new construction materials using the production wastes and sewage purifying.

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