Parametric Study for Design and Analysis of Box Culvert by Using Newton's-Raphson Method and MATLAB Software

2020 ◽  
Vol 870 ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Layth Abdul Rasool Al Asadi ◽  
Hussein Shakir Al Bahrani ◽  
Luay Kadhim Al Waeli
Keyword(s):  
Earth Pressure ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Matlab Software ◽  
Discharge Water ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Box Culverts ◽  
Box Culvert ◽  
Earth Fill ◽  
Pressure Factor ◽  
Raphson Method

Box culverts are the monolithic unit build to pass across railway lines, roadways, etc. earthworks are made to balance the discharge water on both sides. Box takes different types of loads created by a cushion, traffic, water, soil, etc. This paper deals with the optimum design of box culvert by using Newton's-Raphson Method and AppDesigner in MATLAB Software R2017a and studies the design parameters such as the influence of depth of earth fill at the top slab of the culvert, earth pressure, factor Dead Load, Live load, effective width, etc. In this paper, the study of the box-culvert with normal and minimum cushion analyzed for different classes of loadings and conclusions made on the basis of Newton's-Raphson Method normal and minimum cushion and normal cushioning cases.

scholarly journals Effect of Haunch on the Stresses of Box Culvert

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama Hussien
Keyword(s):  
Earth Pressure ◽  
Cost Comparison ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Percentage Reduction ◽  
Design Flood ◽  
The Road ◽  
Box Culverts ◽  
Earth Embankment ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Box Culvert

Culverts are often required under earth embankment to allow for the crossing of a watercourse, like streams, to prevent the road embankment from obstructing the natural waterway. The opening of the culvert is determined based on the waterway required to accommodate the design flood, whereas the thickness of the culvert section is designed based on the loads applied to the culvert. This paper studies some design parameters of box culverts, such as the thickness of the haunch, the coefficient of earth pressure, the thickness of box culvert, and depth of fill on the top slab, to show the effect of haunch on the stresses of the box culvert. The study investigated the variation in stresses and the cost comparison made for different width of the box culvert. The percentage reduction in the cost of culvert based on the presence of haunch is presented.

scholarly journals Post-construction performance of induced trench rigid culverts

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 1807-1821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin L. McGuigan ◽  
Olajide Samuel Oshati ◽  
Bethanie A. Parker ◽  
Arun J. Valsangkar
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Earth Pressure ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Indirect Assessment ◽  
Earth Pressures ◽  
Box Culverts ◽  
First Results ◽  
Box Culvert ◽  
Satisfactory Manner

Induced trench construction is commonly used to reduce earth pressures on rigid circular and box culverts. Most of the reported literature pertains to the performance of induced trench culverts during construction and shortly after construction. This paper addresses the post-construction performance of induced trench culverts. First, results of field inspection reports are presented as an indirect assessment of performance of 90 induced trench culverts installed in New Brunswick that have been in service for up to 24 years. Second, earth pressure measurements are presented from three case studies where prototype installations were monitored over periods ranging from 4 to 9 years. The case studies presented include a single circular culvert, a cast-in-place double-cell box culvert, and a twin circular culvert installation. The fill heights above the instrumented structures varied from 19 to 25 m. All the available data from both the field inspections and earth pressure measurements indicate that the culverts installed in induced trenches are performing in a satisfactory manner.

Centrifuge testing and numerical analysis of box culverts installed in induced trenches

2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin L. McGuigan ◽  
Arun J. Valsangkar
Keyword(s):  
Soil Structure ◽  
Earth Pressure ◽  
Centrifuge Testing ◽  
Centrifuge Tests ◽  
Earth Pressures ◽  
Box Culverts ◽  
Box Culvert ◽  
Contact Pressures ◽  
Base Contact ◽  
Good Agreement

Induced trench construction is routinely used for circular conduits, but its application for box culverts is less common. To understand the complex soil–structure interaction issues related to the design of induced trench box culverts, centrifuge tests were performed to measure earth pressures on a model box culvert installed in several induced trench configurations. These tests were modelled with FLAC and good agreement was achieved. A parametric study performed with FLAC identified a preferred compressible zone geometry having a width of 1.2 times the culvert width and a thickness of 0.5 times the culvert height. For this geometry, the earth pressure on the top was 0.28 times the overburden, the lateral earth pressure on the sides was 0.47 times the mid-height overburden, and the contact pressure at the base was 0.73 times the overburden plus the pressure from the dead load of the culvert. The average base contact pressures for the induced trench geometry were 35% lower than those for the corresponding positive projecting case. The induced trench method, therefore, appears to be a viable option for box culverts installed under high embankments.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Two cell and Three cell Box Culvert for Different Aspect Ratio

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 136-143
Author(s):  
Gaurav Shrivastava
Keyword(s):  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Impact Load ◽  
Soft Soil ◽  
Limit State ◽  
Earth Pressure ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Natural Stream ◽  
Box Culverts ◽  
Box Culvert

Abstract: Culverts serves primarily as the hydraulic conduits conveying water from one side of a roadway or similar traffic embankment to the other; therefore, culverts serves the dual purposes of functioning as hydraulic structures as well as acting as traffic load bearing structures. They are normally cheaper than bridges, which make them the natural stream passes through channels. Box culvert are most stable and safe among various types of culverts. It can be constructed for soft soil conditions also. Therefore these are the best alternative to the major bridges for the small span and for cross drainage situation. In this work, we analyze the R.C. box culvert of two cell and three cell with different L/H ratio with the use of STAAD Pro software. In this study, we consider the span of culvert bridge as 10 m and we done the analysis for two cell and three cell culvert on the same span and varies the height with respect to span of the culvert bridge for different aspect ratio. Here we considered the traffic loading of Class AA loading as per IRC:6 2014 and also consider all the loading conditions as per IS codes. The structure designing includes the considerations of pressure cases (Box empty, Full, surcharge load) and factors such as Impact load, Braking force, Dispersal of load through fill, Effective width, Coefficients of earth pressure, Live load etc. The analysis of structure as per limit state method IS 800-2007. The IS standard requirements in the design manual for roads and bridges (IRC6-2014, IS 112-2011) is used in the structural designing of concrete box culverts. The structural elements of two cell and three cell Box culverts are compared with respect to its maximum moments respectively for the different L/H ratio on the same span of the culvert. In the results we conclude that the moments are less than the two cell Box culvert with comparison to three cell Box culvert for the constant span of both the cases of culverts. In the present study, this paper provides full discussion on the provisions in the codes, considerations and justifications of all the above aspects of design. Keyword: Box culvert, aspect ratio, Staad pro, IRC codes.

Earth pressures exerted on an induced trench cast-in-place double-cell rectangular box culvert

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 1267-1284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olajide Samuel Oshati ◽  
Arun J. Valsangkar ◽  
Allison B. Schriver
Keyword(s):  
Earth Pressure ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Overburden Pressure ◽  
Centrifuge Testing ◽  
Geotechnical Centrifuge ◽  
Drag Forces ◽  
Field Instrumentation ◽  
Earth Pressures ◽  
Box Culvert ◽  
Base Contact

Earth pressure data from the field instrumentation of a cast-in-place reinforced rectangular box culvert are presented in this paper. The instrumented culvert is a 2.60 m by 3.60 m double-cell reinforced cast-in-place rectangular box buried under 25.10 m of fill constructed using the induced trench installation (ITI) method. The average earth pressure measured across the roof was 0.42 times the overburden pressure, and an average of 0.52 times the overburden pressure was measured at mid-height of the culvert on the sidewalls. Base contact pressure under the rectangular box culvert was also measured, providing field-based data demonstrating increased base pressure resulting from downward drag forces developed along the sidewalls of the box culvert. An average increase of 25% from the measured vertical earth pressures on the roof plus the culvert dead load (DL) pressure was calculated at the culvert base. A model culvert was also tested in a geotechnical centrifuge to obtain data on earth pressures at the top, sides, and base of the culvert. The data from the centrifuge testing were compared with the prototype structure, and the centrifuge test results agreed closely with the measured field prototype pressures, in spite of the fact that full similitude was not attempted in centrifuge testing.

Quasi-Periodicity, Chaos and Coexistence in the Time Delay Controlled Two-Cell DC–DC Buck Converter

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1450124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karama Koubaâ ◽  
Moez Feki
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Time Delay ◽  
Chaotic Attractor ◽  
Chaotic Behavior ◽  
Buck Converter ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Bifurcation And Chaos ◽  
Different Types ◽  
2D Torus ◽  
Discrete Map

In addition to border collision bifurcation, the time delay controlled two-cell DC/DC buck converter is shown to exhibit a chaotic behavior as well. The time delay controller adds new design parameters to the system and therefore the variation of a parameter may lead to different types of bifurcation. In this work, we present a thorough analysis of different scenarios leading to bifurcation and chaos. We show that the time delay controlled two-cell DC/DC buck converter may also exhibit a Neimark–Sacker bifurcation which for some parameter set may lead to a 2D torus that may then break yielding a chaotic behavior. Besides, the saturation of the controller can also lead to the coexistence of a stable focus and a chaotic attractor. The results are presented using numerical simulation of a discrete map of the two-cell DC/DC buck converter obtained by expressing successive crossings of Poincaré section in terms of each other.

scholarly journals A Design Parameter for Reef Beach Profiles—A Methodology Applied to Cadiz, Spain

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 323
Author(s):  
Antonio Contreras ◽  
Juan J. Muñoz-Perez ◽  
Francisco Contreras ◽  
Gregorio Gomez-Pina ◽  
Veronica Ruiz-Ortiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Design Parameter ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Profile Data ◽  
Tidal Zone ◽  
The Real ◽  
Parabolic Profile ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Equilibrium Profile

The southwestern coast of Spain is in a tidal zone (mesotidal) which causes the equilibrium profile to be developed in two different sections: the breakage section and the swash section. These two sections give rise to the typical bi-parabolic profile existing in tidal seas. The existence of areas with reefs/rocks which interrupt the normal development of the typical bi-parabolic profile causes different types of beach profiles. The objective of this article is designing an easy methodology for determining new formulations for the design parameters of the equilibrium profile of beaches with reefs in tidal seas. These formulations are applied on 16 profiles to quantify the error between the real profile data and the modelling results. A comparative analysis is extended to the formulations proposed by other authors, from which it is found that better results are obtained with the new formulations.

Field Performance of Integral Abutment Bridge

2000 ◽  
Vol 1740 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Lawver ◽  
Catherine French ◽  
Carol K. Shield
Keyword(s):  
Earth Pressure ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Live Load ◽  
Integral Abutment ◽  
Double Curvature ◽  
Integral Abutment Bridge ◽  
Frost Depth ◽  
Load Effects ◽  
Load Tests

The behavior of an integral abutment bridge near Rochester, Minnesota, was investigated from the beginning of construction through several years of service by monitoring more than 180 instruments that were installed in the bridge during construction. The instrumentation was used to measure abutment horizontal movement, abutment rotation, abutment pile strains, earth pressure behind abutments, pier pile strains, prestressed girder strains, concrete deck strains, thermal gradients, steel reinforcement strains, girder displacements, approach panel settlement, frost depth, and weather. In addition to determining the seasonal and daily trends of bridge behavior, live-load tests were conducted. All of the bridge components performed within the design parameters. The effects from the environmental loading of solar radiation and changing ambient temperature were found to be as large as or larger than live-load effects. The abutment was found to accommodate superstructure expansion and contraction through horizontal translation instead of rotation. The abutment piles appeared to be deforming in double curvature, with measured pile strains on the approach panel side of the piles indicating the onset of yielding.

Full-scale field tests on directly embedded steel pole foundations

2000 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 414-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asim Haldar ◽  
VSN Prasad Yenumula ◽  
T R Chari
Keyword(s):  
Field Tests ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Embedment Depth ◽  
Ultimate Capacity ◽  
Backfill Material ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Full Scale Tests ◽  
Laterally Loaded

The results of eight full-scale tests on directly embedded steel pole foundations are presented. Fully instrumented poles were tested to measure the various design parameters. Different types of backfills such as sand, in situ gravelly sand, crushed stone, and flowable material were used. Various parameters were measured, including applied moment, ground line deflection-rotation, rotation of the pole below the ground level, soil pressures, and bending moments in the poles. The behaviour of these foundations was explained through ultimate capacity and moment-rotation characteristics. Based on these test results, it was found that the capacity of the directly embedded pole foundation depends primarily on the compaction levels of backfill and the embedment length of the pole. Flowable backfill material, which does not require any compaction, was found to be most effective and promising. Even when the backfill was loose, the lateral capacity significantly increased by the addition of a baseplate or by installing the pole with an additional embedment depth. Various theories developed for laterally loaded rigid piles were used to predict the moment-rotation behaviour and the ultimate capacity of the directly embedded pole foundation with different types of backfill material. Results from the analytical investigations were compared with those obtained from the full-scale load tests. Comparisons show that the ultimate capacities predicted by the models ranged from 0.30 to 2.20 times the measured capacities.Key words: backfill, compaction, full-scale tests, laterally loaded rigid piles, transmission steel poles, ultimate moment.

Profiles evolutionary design and evaluation of mixing performance of screw elements for intermeshing counter-rotating twin-screw kneader

2016 ◽  
Vol 230 (17) ◽  
pp. 3076-3091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wei ◽  
Dongming Zhou ◽  
Aiqiang Zhang ◽  
Yuliang Yang ◽  
Dabing Chen
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Evolutionary Design ◽  
Mixing Performance ◽  
Distribution Density Function ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Dispersive Mixing

The profile designs of screw elements are very crucial to improving the mixing performance for the intermeshing counter-rotating twin-screw kneader. In order to find the inherent law among different profiles of screw elements and to derive a mathematical model which evolves different types of end cross-section profiles of screw elements, a universal mathematical model of end cross-section profiles of screw elements is presented in this work. Different types of profiles of screw elements, including those traditionally used can be obtained by evolutionary design method after changing the tooth number of female and male elements and other design parameters. Several typical screw elements with different types of end cross-section profiles are selected to analyze the mixing performance. Spatial flow patterns in flow channel of the screw elements are presented with particle tracking analysis by using mesh superposition technology. The mixing performance of different screw elements including distributive and dispersive mixing, contrastive analysis for some parameters, such as residence time distribution density function, segregation scale, rate of stretching, rate of shear, etc. are proposed. The results in this paper provide a data basis for the profiles selection of screw element for intermeshing counter-rotating twin-screw kneader.

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