Synthesis of Magnetite Nano-Particles and Powder Activated Carbon as a Novel Material for Water Treatment

2009 ◽  
Vol 620-622 ◽  
pp. 145-148
Author(s):  
Gyu Tae Seo ◽  
Jin Tae Kim ◽  
Sung Su Kim ◽  
Jutamas Kaewsuk
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Specific Selectivity ◽  
Novel Material ◽  
Powder Activated Carbon ◽  
Surface Modified

The objective of this study is to develop a novel powder activated carbon (PAC) by surface modification with magnetite nano-particles for enhanced removal of NOM in water. The PAC used for experiment was two types, SAC (wood-based) and MAC (coal-based). First the PAC was treated by heat at 650 or 900 °C for 1hr under N2. And then the PAC surface was synthesized with magnetite nano-particles at the same condition. Adsorption tests of NOM were carried out to identify functional characteristics of the surface modified. Despite reduced surface area, adsorption capacity of the surface modified PAC was comparable to the virgin one. However much increased adsorption capacity was obtained by heat treatment of the PACs. SEC and SUVA254 results showed no specific selectivity in removal of NOM by the modification of PAC surface characteristics. Enhanced oxidation of the NOM was also observed by the magnetite nano-particle synthetic PACs in contact with ozone. Conclusively the surface modification of the PAC has high potential as a novel adsorption material for advanced water treatment.

scholarly journals Enhancement of the Congo Red Adsorption Capacity of Biochars by Surface Modification with MgCl2 Pretreatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 472-481
Author(s):  
Hee So Oh ◽  
Jae-Soo Chang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Pine Sawdust ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Surface Modified

Objectives : The physicochemical characteristics of Mg-biochar composites derived from kelp and pine after pretreatment with MgCl2 were analyzed, and their adsorption capacities for an anionic dye, Congo red (CR), were evaluated.Methods : After pretreating 60 g of kelp and pine sawdust in 1 L of 0.1 M MgCl2･6H2O, the raw materials were pyrolyzed at 500℃ to produce Mg-biochar composites (kelp based KB-Mg and pine based PB-Mg). The fundamental physicochemical characteristics of the Mg-biochar composites were examined, and their adsorption capacities for CR were investigated using different initial pH values, adsorption kinetic models, and adsorption isotherm models.Results and discussion : The Mg-biochar composites showed the development of uniform deposits of Mg minerals primarily as MgO crystal on the surface by the surface modification with MgCl2. When the pristine biochars were surface-modified with MgCl2, their adsorption capacities for CR were significantly increased over the entire pH range tested. The CR adsorption process by all biochars was best described with the pseudo-first order kinetics model, and the adsorption isotherm characteristics were better described with the Langmuir isotherm model for all biochars. The Langmuir maximum adsorption capacities for KB-Mg and PB-Mg were 423.0 mg/g and 394.7 mg/g, respectively. It is suggested that the main mechanism for CR adsorption on the Mg-biochars is electrostatic attraction between CR and the biochars.Conclusions : The results showed that surface modification with MgCl2 could greatly enhance the CR adsorption capacity of biochars, and the results demonstrated the great potential of KB-Mg and PB-Mg for CR removal.

scholarly journals Application of Magnetic Nano Particles and their Composites as Adsorbents for Waste Water Treatment: A Brief Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 246-278
Author(s):  
M. Dhiman
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽  
The Future ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Surface Modified

The present review highlights the different types of nano ferrites and their surface modified composites as an alternative adsorbent in waste water treatment. In this review, the recent progresses and potential applications of SFNPs/SFNCs for the removal of organic and inorganic contaminants through adsorption routes are critically reviewed. There are number of water purification techniques but the adsorption is one of the simplest, effective and economical method for wastewater purification. Adsorption isotherm models, kinetic models, thermodynamic parameters and adsorption mechanism have also been discussed. The present article lists different type of adsorbents and reviews state-of-the-art of the removal of different pollutants from water. The efforts have been made to discuss the sources of contamination and toxicities of pollutants. The possible techniques of recovery and reuse, toxicity, research gaps and the future perspective of SFNPs are also discussed in brief. Based on this review, it is possible to conclude that SFNPs and their derivative composites have unlimited capacity in addressing array of problems encountered in water and wastewater treatment. The present study highlights the future areas of research for waste water treatment.

Articulating Biomaterials

2015 ◽  
pp. 218-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vamsi Krishna Balla ◽  
Mitun Das ◽  
Someswar Datta ◽  
Biswanath Kundu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Surface Modification Techniques ◽  
Biological Environment ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
In Vivo Effects

This chapter examines the importance of surface characteristics such as microstructure, composition, crystallographic texture, and surface free energy in achieving desired biocompatibility and tribological properties thereby improving in vivo life of artificial articulating implants. Current implants often fail prematurely due to inadequate mechanical, tribological, biocompatibility, and osseointegration properties, apart from issues related to design and surgical procedures. For long-term in vivo stability, artificial implants intended for articulating joint replacement must exhibit long-term stable articulation surface without stimulating undesirable in vivo effects. Since the implant's surface plays a vital and decisive role in their response to biological environment, and vice versa, surface modification of implants assumes a significant importance. Therefore, overview on important surface modification techniques, their capabilities, properties of modified surfaces/implants are presented in the chapter. The clinical performance of surface modified implants and new surfaces for potential next-generation articulating implant applications are discussed at the end.

Experimental validation of a test to estimate the remaining adsorption capacity of granular activated carbon for taste and odour compounds

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 609-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifeng Huang ◽  
Zhijie Nie ◽  
Jie Yuan ◽  
Audrey Murray ◽  
Yi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorptive Capacity

A test was developed to measure the present-day adsorptive capacity of granular activated to help drinking water treatment professionals to determine when the GAC needs replacement.

scholarly journals Various Impregnation Methods Used for the Surface Modification of the Adsorbent: A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.7) ◽  
pp. 330 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Girish ◽  
. .
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Water Contamination ◽  
Recent Time ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Physical Chemical

The water contamination is an important crisis which is to be addressed in the recent time. The pollutants present in wastewater are treated by adsorption using activated carbon, which is considered as one of the effective method. The adsorbent has to be modified to improve the adsorption capacity and the surface properties. Various methods such as physical, chemical treatment, impregnation and functionalization techniques are available. Impregnation is one of the effective method carried out for surface modification and to increase the adsorption capacity. Therefore, current study investigates the different impregnation methods used for the surface modification of the adsorbent. It also reviews the various precursors used for adsorbent preparation, the impregnating agent, the operating conditions and the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent.  

Membrane adsorption with polyacrylonitrile prepared with superfine powder-activated carbon, case study: separation process applied in water treatment containing diclofenac

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Juliana do Carmo ◽  
Naiara Mottim Justino ◽  
Marcelo Seleme Matias ◽  
Rodrigo Costa Puerari ◽  
William Gerson Matias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Separation Process ◽  
Powder Activated Carbon

Effect of Fractal Dimension of Powder Activated Carbon on SO2 Adsorption

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 2169-2172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Li ◽  
Jian Ming Xue ◽  
Yue Yang Xu ◽  
Hong Liang Wang ◽  
Chun Yuan Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Powder Activated Carbon

Five kinds of powder activatedcarbons were studied to investigate the removal of SO2 from flue gasin a fixed bed reactor. The fractal dimension of activated carbon was determined by N2 adsorption isothermat 77Kand SO2 adsorptioncapacity was correlated with thefractal dimension. The results show thatthe activated carbons prepared from different precursors by differentactivation methods have different fractal dimension. Big differences in SO2 adsorption capacity are found between fivekinds of activated carbons. SO2 adsorption capacity increases with the fractaldimension increasing. The results indicate that the fractal dimension could be used as a indicator of SO2removal capacity on powder activated carbon.

Activated Carbon Fabric: An Adsorbent Material for Chemical Protective Clothing

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikash B. Thakare ◽  
Nagesh K. Tripathi ◽  
Virendra V. Singh ◽  
Manisha Sathe ◽  
Beer Singh
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Protective Clothing ◽  
Carbonaceous Material ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Structure Stability ◽  
Microporous Structure ◽  
Carbon Fabric ◽  
High Adsorption ◽  
Chemical Protective Clothing

<p class="p1">Activated carbon fabric or fiber (ACF) is a novel carbonaceous material with exceptionally high adsorption rate and larger adsorption capacity, that has emerged as a rising star in the field of adsorbents. ACF has many advantages over other commercial porous storage materials such as granular activated carbon and powdered activated carbon in terms of adsorption capacity, well defined microporous structure, stability, flexibility and ease of lamination to various substrates. In the last few years, activated carbon fabrics have gained greater choice of interest for use as an adsorbent material in several fields including nuclear, biological and chemical (NBC) protection suit. Viscose rayon, acetate, polyacrylonitrile, pitch, and phenolic based materials are mainly used as precursors for preparation of ACF. ACF or fibres are generally prepared by process comprising stabilisation, carbonisation and activation of precursors. Reviews recent advances and developments in the field of ACF and their utility as an adsorbent material in various fields including NBC scenario. ACF with unmatchable pore structure and surface characteristics at present, with continued innovations and attention to its key challenges, it is expected that ACF will play a pivotal role in diverse environmental, defence<em>, </em>and civil applications.</p>

SURFACE MODIFICATIONS OF ACTIVATED CARBON AND ITS IMPACT ON APPLICATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (01) ◽  
pp. 1830006 ◽  
Author(s):  
MATHEUS PEGO ◽  
JANAÍNA CARVALHO ◽  
DAVID GUEDES
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Surface Modifications ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Carbon Surface ◽  
Corona Treatment

The main and new surface modification methods of activated carbon (AC) and their influence on application (adsorption capacity) were reviewed. Adsorption capacity is an important issue, contributing to hazardous substances environment management. According to literature, it is true that surface chemistry strongly affects adsorption capacity. Surface chemistry can be modified by several methods that lead to different activated carbon properties. Furthermore, adsorbate properties, and their relationships with surface structure, can impact adsorption properties. Surface modifications can be conducted by adding some atoms to the surface structure, making the surface more acidic or basic. Introduction of oxygen and ammonia atoms (chemical modification) are the main processes to make the surface more acidic and basic, respectively, although may bring chemical wastes to environment. Surface modification is done by chemical and physical modifications that lead activated carbons to present different properties. The main and new methods of chemical and physical modifications are compared and presented in this paper. Some new physical methods, like corona treatment, plasma discharge and microwave radiation, can be applied to cause surface modifications. Corona treatment can be a practical and new way to cause surface modification on an activated carbon surface.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document