Surface Burn and Suppression in Grinding TC4 with Segmented CBN Cup Wheel

2011 ◽  
Vol 697-698 ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
Ji Liu ◽  
Wu Yi Chen ◽  
Xun Li ◽  
Zhi Tong Chen ◽  
Xi Yue Zou
Keyword(s):  
Ground Surface ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Internal Cooling ◽  
Grinding Temperature ◽  
Scanning Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Micro Cracks ◽  
Surface Burn ◽  
Cup Wheel ◽  
Coating Layers

The study focused on surface burn of titanium alloy (TC4) in the grinding process using a novel segmented cup wheel with internal cooling structure. The threshold burn temperature was found in grinding TC4. Plastically deformed coating layers and micro-cracks were observed on ground surface by SEM (Scanning Electronic Microscopy) and depth of microstructure alterations was more than 180 microns in high temperature. Finally, a novel wheel with internal cooling structure was developed for reducing grinding temperature and suppressing surface burn.

Composite materials fabricated from a conductive polymer with additions of battery waste powders and recycled copper wires

2021 ◽  
pp. 002199832110312
Author(s):  
Natalia Cardona-Vivas ◽  
Mauricio A Correa ◽  
Henry A Colorado
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Conductive Polymer ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Scanning Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Piezoresistive Sensors ◽  
Oxide Particles ◽  
Zinc Oxide Particles

A new multifunctional composite material manufactured from vinyl-acrylic resin and mixed with battery waste powders containing graphite, manganese oxide, and zinc oxide particles has been developed. The battery waste (BW) was obtained from a recycling company as a byproduct from the grinding process of primary batteries (alkaline and zinc carbon batteries). In addition, 24 and 28 AWG copper wires (CuW) were obtained from recycling circuit waste, which were added in 5, 10 and 15 wt% contents to form composite materials, with all CuW of 2 mm length. These formulations were characterized using scanning electronic microscopy, compression, density, and piezoresistivity tests. When copper was added to the composite material, the behavior of the sensor was linear, a characteristic desired in piezoresistive sensors since they do not need any additional configuration to obtain said linearity. As the percentage of copper increased, the sensitivity of the sensor decreased and the conductivity increased.

Study on Edge Contact Area and Surface Integrity of Workpiece in Point Grinding Process

2009 ◽  
Vol 407-408 ◽  
pp. 577-581
Author(s):  
Shi Chao Xiu ◽  
Zhi Jie Geng ◽  
Guang Qi Cai
Keyword(s):  
Surface Integrity ◽  
Contact Area ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Edge Contact ◽  
Cylindrical Grinding ◽  
Theoretic Foundations

During cylindrical grinding process, the geometric configuration and size of the edge contact area between the grinding wheel and workpiece have the heavy effects on the workpiece surface integrity. In consideration of the differences between the point grinding and the conventional high speed cylindrical grinding, the geometric and mathematic models of the edge contact area in point grinding were established. Based on the models, the numerical simulation for the edge contact area was performed. By means of the point grinding experiment, the effect mechanism of the edge contact area on the ground surface integrity was investigated. These will offer the applied theoretic foundations for optimizing the point grinding angles, depth of cut, wheel and workpiece speed, geometrical configuration and size of CBN wheel and some other grinding parameters in point grinding process.

scholarly journals Study on the Effect of Grinding Pressure on Material Removal Behavior Performed on a Self-Designed Passive Grinding Simulator

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4128
Author(s):  
Peng-Zhan Liu ◽  
Wen-Jun Zou ◽  
Jin Peng ◽  
Xu-Dong Song ◽  
Fu-Ren Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Material Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Grinding Force ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Grinding Temperature ◽  
Grinding Efficiency

Passive grinding is a new rail grinding strategy. In this work, the influence of grinding pressure on the removal behaviors of rail material in passive grinding was investigated by using a self-designed passive grinding simulator. Meanwhile, the surface morphology of the rail and grinding wheel were observed, and the grinding force and temperature were measured during the experiment. Results show that the increase of grinding pressure leads to the rise of rail removal rate, i.e., grinding efficiency, surface roughness, residual stress, grinding force and grinding temperature. Inversely, the enhancement of grinding pressure and grinding force will reduce the grinding ratio, which indicates that service life of grinding wheel decreases. The debris presents dissimilar morphology under different grinding pressure, which reflects the distinction in grinding process. Therefore, for rail passive grinding, the appropriate grinding pressure should be selected to balance the grinding quality and the use of grinding wheel.

Calculation of Effective Ground Depth of Cut by Means of Grinding Process Model

2011 ◽  
Vol 496 ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takazo Yamada ◽  
Michael N. Morgan ◽  
Hwa Soo Lee ◽  
Kohichi Miura
Keyword(s):  
Process Model ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Wheel Wear ◽  
Elastic Deformations ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Effective Depth ◽  
Grinding Machine

In order to obtain the effective depth of cut on the ground surface, a new grinding process model taking into account thermal expansions of the grinding wheel and the workpiece, elastic deformations of the grinding machine, the grinding wheel and the workpiece and the wheel wear was proposed. Using proposed model, the effective depth of cut was calculated using measured results of the applied depth of cut and the normal grinding force.

Experimental and Numerical Study on Grinding Temperature during Surface Grinding with Different Cooling Methods

2009 ◽  
Vol 416 ◽  
pp. 514-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Long An ◽  
Yu Can Fu ◽  
Jiu Hua Xu
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Study ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Surface Grinding ◽  
Grinding Temperature ◽  
Air Jet ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Specific Energy ◽  
Cooling Methods

Grinding, characterized by its high specific energy consumption, may generate high grinding zone temperature. These can cause thermal damage to the ground surface and poor surface integrity, especially in the grinding of difficult-to-machine materials. In this paper, experimental and fem study on grinding temperature during surface grinding of Ti-6Al-4V with different cooling methods. A comparison between the experimental and numerical results is made. It is indicated that the difference between experimental and numerical results is below 15% and the numerical results can be considered reliable. Grinding temperature can be more effectively reduced with CPMJ than that with cold air jet and flood cooling method.

scholarly journals Performance of Norton Quantum Grinding Wheels

2016 ◽  
Vol 686 ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Neslušan ◽  
Jitka Baďurová ◽  
Anna Mičietová ◽  
Maria Čiliková
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Bearing Steel ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
Grinding Forces ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Surface Burn ◽  
Conventional Grinding

This paper deals with cutting ability of progressive Norton Quantum grinding wheel during grinding roll bearing steel 100Cr6 of hardness 61 HRC. Cutting ability of this wheel is compared with conventional grinding wheel and based on measurement of grinding forces as well as surface roughness. Results of experiments show that Norton Quantum grinding wheels are capable of long term grinding cycles at high removal rates without unacceptable occurrence of grinding chatter and surface burn whereas application of conventional wheel can produce excessive vibration and remarkable temper colouring of ground surface. Moreover, while Norton Quantum grinding wheel gives nearly constant grinding forces and surface roughness within ground length at higher removal rates, conventional grinding wheel (as that reported in this study) does not.

scholarly journals Tribological Performance of CoCrMo Alloys with Boron Additions in As-Cast and Heat-Treated Conditions

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 355
Author(s):  
Marco A. L. Hernandez-Rodriguez ◽  
Diego E. Lozano ◽  
Gabriela M. Martinez-Cazares ◽  
Yaneth Bedolla-Gil
Keyword(s):  
Boron Content ◽  
Tribological Performance ◽  
Secondary Phases ◽  
Scanning Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Hardness Tests ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Cocrmo Alloys ◽  
Cast Condition ◽  
Ball On Disc

The present study evaluates the effect of boron additions on the tribological performance of CoCrMo alloys. The alloys were prepared with boron ranging from 0.06 to 1 wt%. The materials were characterized using metallographic techniques, scanning electronic microscopy, and roughness and hardness tests. Tribological evaluation was made by means of ball-on-disc tests for sliding distances of 4, 8 and 12 km. The samples were in the as-cast condition and after a heat treatment at 1200 °C for 1 h, finished by water quenching. The results showed that wear resistance was influenced by the microstructure and the number of secondary phases. The volume loss decreased as the boron content increased. Due to hard phases, abrasion wear was observed. Delamination fatigue was also detected after long sliding distances. Both wear mechanisms diminished in higher boron content alloys.

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT OF MICROMERITIC, COMPRESSIBILITY AND SOLUBILITY CHARACTERISTICS OF LINEZOLID BY CRYSTALLO-CO-AGGLOMERATION TECHNIQUE

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atul M. Kadam ◽  
Shitalkumar S. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Mechanical Deformation ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Scanning Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Electronic Microscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Good Flow

Objective: The purpose of current study was to improve physicochemical properties such as micrometric, compressibility and solubility of linezolid (LNZ) by preparing crystallo-co-agglomerates (CCA) in the presence of polymer for the enhancement of overall physicochemical performance.Methods: The process of agglomeration involves the use of dichloromethane (DCM) as a good solvent and chloroform as bridging liquid were used to prepare agglomerates. Agglomerates were characterised in the solid state using several techniques such as Scanning electronic microscopy(SEM), Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction analysis (XRPD) The agglomerates obtained were evaluated for micrometric, mechanical, deformation, compressibility and drug release properties.Results: It was found that micrometric properties and dissolution characteristics of agglomerates were significantly improved than that of pure linezolid. Solubility was found to be increased than pure linezolid. The solubility of crystallo co-agglomerates was found an increase in 5 fold 3 fold and 3.7 fold for PVPK30 (0.5%), PVPK30 (0.25%) and PVPK30 (0.75%) respectively. The angle of repose for all batches was found between 22 ° to 30 °Carrs index was between 12.27±0.6 to 18.73±0.4 and Hausners ratio Near to 1, indicated good flow ability of agglomerates. The time required for drug release over a period of 60 min, is as LA1>LA2>LA3. LA3 shows fast drug release than LA1 and LA2, due to solubilization of drug due to more concentration of PVPK30 and less concentration of talc.Conclusion: Based on the above results, it was revealed that CCA of linezolid prepared with DCM and HPMC (Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose)/PEG (Polyethylene glycol)/PVP (Polyvinylpyrrolidone) K30 exhibited improved micrometric properties, compressibility and in addition to improving solubility and dissolution rate.

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