Effect of Temperature on Crater Formation and Ejecta Composition in Aluminum Alloy Targets

2012 ◽  
Vol 706-709 ◽  
pp. 768-773
Author(s):  
Masahiro Nishida ◽  
Koichi Hayashi ◽  
Junichi Nakagawa ◽  
Yoshitaka Ito
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Crater Formation ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Gas Gun ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Increasing Temperature

The influence of temperature on crater formation and ejecta composition in thick aluminum alloy targets were investigated for impact velocities ranging from approximately 1.5 to 3.5 km/s using a two-stage light-gas gun. The diameter and depth of the crater increased with increasing temperature. The ejecta size at low temperature was slightly smaller than that at high temperature and room temperature. Temperature did not affect the size ratio of ejecta. The scatter diameter of the ejecta at high temperature was slightly smaller than those at low and room temperatures.

Temperature induced phase transition in fluorescence active zein nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Charlie Joe Croxford ◽  
Rajpreet Kaur ◽  
Kultar Singh ◽  
Mandeep Singh Bakshi
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Temperature Variation ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Colloidal Stability ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Controlled Precipitation

Stable colloidal zein nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by using controlled precipitation method. They were made fluorescence active by incorporating a small amount of fluorescence quinolinium surfactant. The incorporation of fluorescence surfactant provided both the colloidal stability and the fluorescence ability to determine the phase transition in zein NPs under the effect of temperature variation. Maintaining colloidal stability under the effect of temperature variation is an essential aspect of zein NPs applicability as a source of vegetarian protein supplement in different food suspensions. Different techniques such as fluorescence, DLS size, zeta potential, and FTIR measurements were applied to determine the influence of temperature on the colloidal stability of zein NPs. Zein NPs undergo phase transition well above room temperature while maintaining their size in nanometer range, and the phase transition temperature decreased with the amount of zein used in the synthesis of zein NPs. The results highlighted the potential use of zein NPs as a vegetarian supplement protein in different food products.

Influence of Temperature on the Hydration Heat of Polymer Modified Mortars

2013 ◽  
Vol 687 ◽  
pp. 130-135
Author(s):  
Si Feng Liu ◽  
Si Jun Guo ◽  
Pei Ming Wang
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Hydration Heat ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Isothermal Calorimeter

The hydration heat of polymer modified mortar were measured at 5°C、10°C、20°C and 40°C using Multi-channel Isothermal calorimeter. The effects of temperature on hydration heat of polymer modified mortars with 0.1% methyl hydroxylpropyl cellulose (MHPC), 3% ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and 0.1%MHPC+3%EVA were investigated. The curves of hydration heat show that the polymer reduces the hydration heat of mortars and it is related to the temperature. The effects will be more and more remarkable with the increasing of temperature; Temperature also affects the exothermic rate peak of polymer modified mortars. The exothermic rate peak of polymer modified mortar at low temperature is almost equal to that of the ordinary cement mortar. However, it is obviously lower than that of ordinary cement mortar at high temperature ; The time to the exothermic rate peak of polymer modified mortar is also related to the temperature.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON THE ACTION OF STRYCHNIN IN FROGS

1913 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Stotesbury Githens
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Drug Action ◽  
The State ◽  
Great Caution ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On

In order to establish the influence of temperature upon the effect of varying doses of strychnin injected into frogs, the animals must be kept under observation for several days and at various definite degrees of temperature. Statements that the animal was kept "cold," "at room temperature," or "warm" are insufficient. With a certain dose tetanus may result constantly at 30° C. yet never appear at 21° C., and either of these temperatures might be described as warm, when compared to a room temperature of 15° C. Furthermore an animal may apparently fail to respond in the cold to an injection of certain doses of strychnin and yet be found in tetanic convulsions the next day. That an animal may have late, long lasting, or strong tetanus while kept at such a low temperature as 5° C. after an injection of a dose of strychnin smaller than 0.01 of a milligram per frog emphasizes the fact that great caution must be exercised in formulating laws as to the influence of temperature on drug action. The main results of this investigation may be summarized as follows: Doses of strychnin amounting to 0.0006 of a milligram per gram of frog will cause tetanus at all temperatures between 5° C. and 30° C., although at low temperatures the tetanus may appear late. A dose of 0.0003 of a milligram per gram of frog will frequently produce tetanus at 5° C. as well as at 30° or 27° C., but may nevertheless fail to produce any reaction at such an intermediary temperature as 21° C. Smaller doses, 0.0002 of a milligram per gram, will cause tetanus in the cold but not at high temperatures. It may be stated in general that in frogs kept at low temperatures the tetanic state sets in later, continues longer, and each tetanic attack is of longer duration, while in the interval between the attacks the state of tonus is higher and the animals are more irritable than when they are kept at higher temperatures.

scholarly journals The Influence of Temperature on the Completion of Diapause in the Eggs of Gryllulus Commodus Walker

1952 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 112 ◽  
Author(s):  
TO Browning
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On

The eggs of GryUulus commodus, if incubated at high temperature (26.8�C.), soon after laying, did not develop and hatch promptly. Instead hatching was spread over a long period and many eggs died. If the eggs were given a period of exposure to low temperature (12.8�C.) before incubation at high temperature,� prompt hatching occurred. This was due to diapause, which occurred at an early stage in the morphological development of the egg.

Damping Capacity of Fe-Ga Alloys

2011 ◽  
Vol 228-229 ◽  
pp. 937-941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Mei Ling ◽  
Jie Zhu ◽  
Li Ji Heng ◽  
Gao Xue Xu
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Wide Temperature Range ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Damping Capacity ◽  
Torsion Pendulum ◽  
Temperature Peak ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Computer Controlled ◽  
Increasing Temperature

The damping capacity of Fe-Ga rods and sheets has been studied using a computer-controlled automatic inverted torsion pendulum instruments in a wide temperature range in a series of frequency. The frequency and temperature has different influence on the damping capacity of solidified Fe83Ga17 rods and (Fe83Ga17)97.25Cr2B0.75 sheets. The damping capacity of all specimens increased with frequencies. The solidified Fe-Ga rods showed an obvious low-temperature peak and a potential high-temperature peak with increasing temperature. However, the damping capacity of Fe-Ga sheets kept steady in a wide temperature range and then rapidly increased on further heating above 400°C. Damping capacity of about 0.02 was obtained in both Fe-Ga rods and sheets at temperatures from room temperature to 500°C. Thus, The Fe-Ga alloys are considered to be a class of promising high damping alloys.

Effect of Temperature on Tribological Properties of Cu/Ti3AlC2 Composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zijue Zhou ◽  
Yi Feng ◽  
Hao Zhao ◽  
Gang Qian ◽  
Jingcheng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Material Transfer ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Oxidation Layers

Abstract In aerospace and power generation, components will serve in high-temperature environments. In this work, the influence of temperature on the tribological performances of Cu/Ti3AlC2 composites was investigated from 25 °C to 700 °C. Cu/Ti3AlC2 composites were fabricated by hot-pressing at 800 °C. The friction coefficients of the composites were in the range of 0.19–0.28. From 25 °C to 300 °C, the wear-rates increased with temperature from 9.05 × 10−5 mm3/Nm to 110 × 10−5 mm3/Nm, and the wear-rate reached the highest value at 300 °C. Interestingly, the wear-rates plummeted to 30.8 × 10−5 mm3/Nm at 500 °C, and 31.2 × 10−5 mm3/Nm at 700 °C. It was found that tribofilms consisting of Ti3AlC2 and Cu2O covered on the wear surfaces at 25 °C and 100 °C. Plastic flow and material transfer occurred at 300 °C. From 500 °C to 700 °C, oxidation layers formed on the wear surfaces of the composites. For simplicity, a schematic of the tribological mechanisms is proposed.

Diapause in the Eggs of Austroicetes cruciata, Sauss. (Acrididae) with particular Reference to the Influence of Temperature on the Elimination of Diapause

1943 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Andrewartha
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Abnormal Growth ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Temperature Ranges ◽  
The One

Diapause should not be confused with simple inhibition of growth due to cold.The embryo of the grasshopper, Austroicetes cruciata, enters a state of diapause a few days after the egg is laid. The diapause is obligate like that found in the eggs of Circotettix, rather than facultative like that found in the larvae of Platyedra. These types of diapause should be regarded as two extremes of the one phenomenon rather than two distinct phenomena.Diapause was eliminated when the egg was exposed to adequate low temperature for an adequate period when the embryo was at a suitable stage of development. If the period at low temperature was inadequate, or if the embryo was not at a suitable stage of development when the exposure to low temperature occurred, diapause was only partially eliminated. In such cases, the exposure to low temperature resulted in an abnormal growth by the embryo when the egg was returned to a favourable high temperature, but development was not completed.The influence of low temperature on the elimination of diapause was due chiefly to changes which occurred in the yolk during exposure to low temperature. Thus yolk which had been modified in this way became suitable for the nourishment of the embryo, and it no longer obstructed katatrepsis. This explanation of the nature of the obligate diapause in the eggs of Austroicetes brings this phenomenon into line with the facultative diapause in the larvae of Platyedra, which has been shown to be associated with the nourishment of the larva.Diapause was eliminated most rapidly at temperatures between 6°C. and 13°C. The embryo grew most rapidly at about 30°C. ; below 13°C. growth practically ceased. The absence of overlapping of the temperature ranges for these two processes may explain the presence of diapause in Austroicetes. The occurrence of a less pronounced diapause in the eggs of Melanoplus may be due to a partial overlapping of the temperature range for the two processes. Similarly the absence of diapause in the eggs of Locusta may be explained on the assumption that in this species the two processes proceed over the same temperature range.

Influence of temperature on oil content and composition of sunflower seed

1978 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1203 ◽  
Author(s):  
HC Harris ◽  
JR McWilliam ◽  
WK Mason
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On

The influence of temperature on the oil content and composition of sunflower was studied on plants grown under field conditions and in a range of controlled environments. Traces of oil were detectable in cypsela (seed) almost immediately after pollination. Much of this appeared to be present in the hull (pericarp), which is well developed at this stage. Significant production of oil commenced with the development of the embryo about 150 day-degrees after pollination, and the oil content reached a maximum value just prior to physiological maturity of the seed. Linoleic acid constituted the major component of the oil at all stages of seed development, and under favourable temperature conditions increased from c. 50% soon after pollination to over 70% at physiological maturity. High temperature during the development of the seed was associated with a reduction in total oil yield. However, under field conditions this effect was variable owing to confounding with other environmental factors such as moisture stress, which also influence the yield of oil through their effects on growth and development of seed. Elevated temperatures, and in particularly high night temperatures, caused a marked reduction in the percentage of linoleic acid, apparently due to the effect of temperature on the activity of the desaturase enzymes which are responsible for the conversion of oleic to linoleic acid.These results support the hypothesis that reduced yields and altered composition of sunflower oil from crops matured under high temperature conditions in midsummer are due to the effects of heat stress on the biosynthesis of fatty acids.

scholarly journals Effect of Temperature on Internal Shear Strength Mechanism of Needle-Punched GCL

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4585
Author(s):  
Yang Yang ◽  
Jianyong Shi ◽  
Xuede Qian
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Peak Strength ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Scale Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Temperature Controlled ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Direct Shear Apparatus

Needle-punched geosynthetic clay liner (NPGCL) has been widely used in landfills. The internal strength of the GCL changes with temperature variation, which affects its application in landfills. A large-scale temperature-controlled direct shear apparatus was developed to study the internal shear strength characteristics of GCL affected by temperature. The internal strength of the GCL was dependent on the bentonite, the fibers, and the interaction between the fibers and the bentonite. The influence of temperature on the internal strength of the GCL was mainly reflected in the displacement at peak strength. However, the peak strength was basically unchanged. The strength of the bentonite and the fibers-reinforced bentonite increased when the temperature increased. The tensile strength of needle-punched fibers decreased with increasing temperature. The peak strength displacement of the fibers-reinforced bentonite decreased with increasing temperature.

scholarly journals Influence of Temperature on CO₂ and H₂S Corrosion Rates of Steel Pipelines Using Alloy-Select Software in the Lebanese Oil and Gas Offshore Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Rawanne Farsakouri
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Corrosion Inhibitor ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Suitable Material ◽  
Corrosion Rates ◽  
Water Composition ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On

By referring to the fact that corrosion rates alter upon variation of different conditions and no research relevant to Lebanon address corrosion issues yet, this study was conducted based on accurate Lebanese offshore data and water composition. Based on "Alloy Select Software", identifying the most suitable material from different alloys was revealed, which turned out to be Copper and Aluminum based alloys. Moreover, corrosion rates were detected under different conditions of Temperature, CO₂, and H₂S and then repeated in the presence of a corrosion inhibitor. Results of these studies proved the significant influence of high temperature accompanied with high CO₂ percentage. However, different results concerning low temperature with different percentages of H₂S were obtained.

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