Temperature induced phase transition in fluorescence active zein nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Charlie Joe Croxford ◽  
Rajpreet Kaur ◽  
Kultar Singh ◽  
Mandeep Singh Bakshi
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Temperature Variation ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Colloidal Stability ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Controlled Precipitation

Stable colloidal zein nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by using controlled precipitation method. They were made fluorescence active by incorporating a small amount of fluorescence quinolinium surfactant. The incorporation of fluorescence surfactant provided both the colloidal stability and the fluorescence ability to determine the phase transition in zein NPs under the effect of temperature variation. Maintaining colloidal stability under the effect of temperature variation is an essential aspect of zein NPs applicability as a source of vegetarian protein supplement in different food suspensions. Different techniques such as fluorescence, DLS size, zeta potential, and FTIR measurements were applied to determine the influence of temperature on the colloidal stability of zein NPs. Zein NPs undergo phase transition well above room temperature while maintaining their size in nanometer range, and the phase transition temperature decreased with the amount of zein used in the synthesis of zein NPs. The results highlighted the potential use of zein NPs as a vegetarian supplement protein in different food products.

Effect of Temperature on Crater Formation and Ejecta Composition in Aluminum Alloy Targets

2012 ◽  
Vol 706-709 ◽  
pp. 768-773
Author(s):  
Masahiro Nishida ◽  
Koichi Hayashi ◽  
Junichi Nakagawa ◽  
Yoshitaka Ito
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Crater Formation ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Gas Gun ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Increasing Temperature

The influence of temperature on crater formation and ejecta composition in thick aluminum alloy targets were investigated for impact velocities ranging from approximately 1.5 to 3.5 km/s using a two-stage light-gas gun. The diameter and depth of the crater increased with increasing temperature. The ejecta size at low temperature was slightly smaller than that at high temperature and room temperature. Temperature did not affect the size ratio of ejecta. The scatter diameter of the ejecta at high temperature was slightly smaller than those at low and room temperatures.

Notizen: Influence of Temperature on the Transport of Ascorbate across Artificial Membranes as Studied by the Spin Label Technique

1986 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Lohmann ◽  
P. z. Tian ◽  
D. Holz
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Spin Label ◽  
Chain Structure ◽  
Permeation Rate ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Label Technique ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On

The effect of temperature on the permeation of vitamin C across membranes of DPPC vesicles labelled with the spin label 1,14 has been investigated. It could be shown that at temperatures above 40 °C the permeation rate is diminished considerably despite the fact that, at these temperatures, the spin label can rotate freely (above phase transition temperature) indicating that the membrane is more fluid. The results obtained agree well with previous findings (W. Lohmann and D. Holz. Biophys. Struct. Mech. 10, 197 (1984)) according to which the furanoid ring formed by the side chain of this vitamin opens at these temperatures. The existence of a bicyclic side-chain structure seems to be a prerequisite for the permeation of vitamin C.

The effect of temperature on high-resolution TEM image contrast

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 640-641
Author(s):  
T. Geipel ◽  
W. Mader ◽  
P. Pirouz
Keyword(s):  
Form Factor ◽  
Inelastic Scattering ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Waller Factor ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Specimen Thickness ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Debye Waller Factor ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Atomic Form Factor

Temperature affects both elastic and inelastic scattering of electrons in a crystal. The Debye-Waller factor, B, describes the influence of temperature on the elastic scattering of electrons, whereas the imaginary part of the (complex) atomic form factor, fc = fr + ifi, describes the influence of temperature on the inelastic scattering of electrons (i.e. absorption). In HRTEM simulations, two possible ways to include absorption are: (i) an approximate method in which absorption is described by a phenomenological constant, μ, i.e. fi; - μfr, with the real part of the atomic form factor, fr, obtained from Hartree-Fock calculations, (ii) a more accurate method in which the absorptive components, fi of the atomic form factor are explicitly calculated. In this contribution, the inclusion of both the Debye-Waller factor and absorption on HRTEM images of a (Oll)-oriented GaAs crystal are presented (using the EMS software.Fig. 1 shows the the amplitudes and phases of the dominant 111 beams as a function of the specimen thickness, t, for the cases when μ = 0 (i.e. no absorption, solid line) and μ = 0.1 (with absorption, dashed line).

Research on dynamic characteristics of gear system considering the influence of temperature on material performance

2021 ◽  
pp. 107754632110026
Author(s):  
Zhou Sun ◽  
Siyu Chen ◽  
Xuan Tao ◽  
Zehua Hu
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Poisson’S Ratio ◽  
Gear System ◽  
Poisson's Ratio ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Meshing Stiffness ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On

Under high-speed and heavy-load conditions, the influence of temperature on the gear system is extremely important. Basically, the current work on the effect of temperature mostly considers the flash temperature or the overall temperature field to cause expansion at the meshing point and then affects nonlinear factors such as time-varying meshing stiffness, which lead to the deterioration of the dynamic transmission. This work considers the effect of temperature on the material’s elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio and relates the temperature to the time-varying meshing stiffness. The effects of temperature on the elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio are expressed as functions and brought into the improved energy method stiffness calculation formula. Then, the dynamic characteristics of the gear system are analyzed. With the bifurcation diagram, phase, Poincaré, and fast Fourier transform plots of the gear system, the influence of temperature on the nonlinear dynamics of the gear system is discussed. The numerical analysis results show that as the temperature increases, the dynamic response of the system in the middle-speed region gradually changes from periodic motion to chaos.

Flow Behaviors of High Acyl Gellan Aqueous Solutions as Affected by Temperature, and Calcium and Gellan Concentrations

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiqun Huang ◽  
Pawan Singh Takhar ◽  
Juming Tang ◽  
Barry G Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Shear Rate ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Apparent Viscosity ◽  
Flow Resistance ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Rheological Behaviors ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On

Rheological behaviors of high acyl (HA) gellan are not well understood partially because of its relatively late commercialization compared to low acyl gellan. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of temperature (5-30 °C), calcium (0, 1 and 10 mM) and gellan concentrations (0.0044-0.1000% w/v) on the flow behaviors of high acyl gellan aqueous solutions using rheological tests. Gellan solutions with 0 or 1 mM added Ca++ exhibited shear thinning behavior at gellan concentrations above 0.0125%. The influence of temperature on apparent viscosity (shear rate, 100 s-1) of gellan solutions can be described with an Arrhenius relationship. The apparent viscosity of gellan solution at low concentrations was more sensitive to temperature changes. The addition of Ca++ led to a decrease in flow resistance for a dilute gellan solution (<0.0125%), but an increased resistance for a relatively concentrated gellan solution (>0.0125%).

Influence of Temperature and Oxygen Concentration on the Radiation Induced Oxidation of Phenylalanine

1995 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 864-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Krajnik ◽  
R. M. Quint ◽  
S. Solar ◽  
N. Getoff ◽  
G. Sontag
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Food Storage ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Induced Changes

AbstractThe formation of tyrosine isomers by γ-radiolysis of neutral aqueous phenylalanine solutions was found to be strongly dependent on oxygen concentration and temperature. Changing the dose rate did not influence the degradation process. In the presence of 0.25 x 10-3 mol dm-3 oxygen at room temperature the yields of o-tyrosine as well as of m- and p-tyrosine drop from G(o-Tyr) = 0.5 and G(m-Tyr) = G(p-Tyr) = 0.4 at a dose of 0.3 kGy to 0.18 and 0.16 at 2.5 kGy, respectively. In solutions containing 1.25 x 10-3 mol dm-3 oxygen the initial yields remain unchanged but decrease at 2.5 kGy only to G(o-Tyr) = 0.3 and G(m-Tyr) = G(p-Tyr) = 0.20. Under the latter reaction conditions also 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine was found.Samples irradiated in frozen state did not show remarkable radiolysis of phenylalanine and tyrosine formation. In the range between 5 and 20°C no essential influence of temperature on the phenylalanine radiolysis and tyrosine yields was observable. The obtained results are important for methods using the tyrosine yields as markers for the detection of irradiated food. Storage conditions and irradiation temperature play an essential role on radiation induced changes of food.

Effect of Temperature on the Predator, (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Anthocordiae) Feeding on Cryptolestes pusillus (Schon.) (Coleoptera: Cucujidae)

1970 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Rahman ◽  
W Islam ◽  
KN Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Developmental Time ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Hatching Rate ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Cryptolestes Pusillus

Xylocoris flavipes (Reuter) is one of the dominant predators of many stored product insect pest including Cryptolestes pusillus. The influence of temperature on predator development, survival and some selected life history parameters was determined. Eggs laid/female (27.27±2.52) and egg hatching rate (%) (88.25±2.19) were highest at 30°C and lowest at 20°C (5.43±1.19 and 30.79±4.63%) respectively but no eggs laid at 15°C. Mortality among immature stages (%) was highest (51.71±1.48) at 35°C and lowest (24.25c±1.14) at 25°C. Developmental times decreasing with the increasing of temperature. Maximum numbers of progeny/female/day (3.55±0.76) were produced at 25°C and minimum (0.83±0.04) were at 20°C.The sex ratios (% female) of X. flavipes were 47.04, 56.68, 51.66 and 50.07 for 20, 25, 30 and 35°C respectively. Survivorship of ovipositing females was highest at 25°C but lowest at 35°C respectively. Key words: Xylocoris flavipes, Cryptolestes pusillus, life history, temperature, developmental time   doi: 10.3329/jbs.v15i0.2201 J. bio-sci. 15: 41-46, 2007

Influence of temperature on the colloidal stability of the F-DPPC and DPPC liposomes induced by lanthanum ions

2012 ◽  
Vol 367 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Toimil ◽  
Rocío Daviña ◽  
Juan Sabín ◽  
Gerardo Prieto ◽  
Félix Sarmiento
Keyword(s):  
Colloidal Stability ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Lanthanum Ions ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON THE ACTION OF STRYCHNIN IN FROGS

1913 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Stotesbury Githens
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Drug Action ◽  
The State ◽  
Great Caution ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On

In order to establish the influence of temperature upon the effect of varying doses of strychnin injected into frogs, the animals must be kept under observation for several days and at various definite degrees of temperature. Statements that the animal was kept "cold," "at room temperature," or "warm" are insufficient. With a certain dose tetanus may result constantly at 30° C. yet never appear at 21° C., and either of these temperatures might be described as warm, when compared to a room temperature of 15° C. Furthermore an animal may apparently fail to respond in the cold to an injection of certain doses of strychnin and yet be found in tetanic convulsions the next day. That an animal may have late, long lasting, or strong tetanus while kept at such a low temperature as 5° C. after an injection of a dose of strychnin smaller than 0.01 of a milligram per frog emphasizes the fact that great caution must be exercised in formulating laws as to the influence of temperature on drug action. The main results of this investigation may be summarized as follows: Doses of strychnin amounting to 0.0006 of a milligram per gram of frog will cause tetanus at all temperatures between 5° C. and 30° C., although at low temperatures the tetanus may appear late. A dose of 0.0003 of a milligram per gram of frog will frequently produce tetanus at 5° C. as well as at 30° or 27° C., but may nevertheless fail to produce any reaction at such an intermediary temperature as 21° C. Smaller doses, 0.0002 of a milligram per gram, will cause tetanus in the cold but not at high temperatures. It may be stated in general that in frogs kept at low temperatures the tetanic state sets in later, continues longer, and each tetanic attack is of longer duration, while in the interval between the attacks the state of tonus is higher and the animals are more irritable than when they are kept at higher temperatures.

Investigating the influence of temperature on electrospinning of polycaprolactone solutions

e-Polymers ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 323-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soghra Ramazani ◽  
Mohammad Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Molecular Orientation ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Minimum Size ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Electrospun Fibers ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Set Point ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractThe present work shows the effect of temperature on successfully obtained uniform electrospun poly-(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers, with specific attention to the molecular orientation and diameter of nanofibers. Experiments were performed at temperatures (T) of 25°, 35°, and 45°C, and at PCL concentrations (w) of 12, 16, and 20 wt.%. Scanning electron microscopy provided the morphology of electrospun fibers and quantified their diameters. Elevated temperature for all PCL concentrations yielded a viscosity that allows for easier stretching of the jet to obtain a smaller diameter for fibers. A minimum size of the fiber diameter (close to 100 nm) was achieved for the set point T=45°C and w=12 and 16 wt.%. Due to the easy stretching of the jet by controlling the elastic property of the solution, a dichroic ratio of 1.62 was accessible for the set point T=35°C and w=12 wt.% from polarized Fourier transform infrared spectra as a factor for the orientation of PCL chains.

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