Modification in Texture of Magnesium by the Addition of Rare Earth Elements and its Influence on Mechanical Properties

2012 ◽  
Vol 736 ◽  
pp. 307-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murugavel Suresh ◽  
Satyam Suwas
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Magnesium Alloys ◽  
Aluminium Alloys ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Main Obstacle ◽  
Rare Earth Addition ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Re Elements ◽  
The Relationship

Mg alloys show limited room temperature formability compared to its lightweight counterpart aluminium alloys, which is a main obstacle in using this metal for most of the structural applications. However, it is known that grain refinement and texture control are the two possibilities for the improvement of formability of magnesium alloys. Amongst the approaches attempted for the texture weakening, additions through of rare-earth (RE) elements have been found most effective. The relationship between the texture and ductility is well established. In this paper, the effect of rare earth addition on texture weakening has been summarized for various magnesium alloys under the two most common modes of deformation methods.

Effects of CeO2-Rich Mixed Rare Earth on the Mechanical Properties of Al2O3-Mullite Based Foam Ceramics

2010 ◽  
Vol 150-151 ◽  
pp. 815-820
Author(s):  
Shu Jun Ji ◽  
Xue Yi Guo ◽  
Jian Xiong Dong ◽  
Peng Su
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Strengthening Mechanism ◽  
Mechanism Analysis ◽  
Rare Earth Addition ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Ceramic Microstructure

Using corundum, quartz, kaoline, etc, as base components and CeO2-rich mixed rare earth as modifier, foam ceramics were fabricated adopting the organic foam impregnation process. The mixed rare earth addition had much improving effects on the matrix mechanical properties owing to much glass phase and acerate mullite growing. While 3wt% was considered to be the optimal addition, in this case, homogeneous and compact ceramic microstructure with maximal glass condensation and minimal porosity formed, with the matrix compressive strength and the flexural strength at room temperature reached 0.87MPa and 0.66MPa respectively, which were 52.6% and 73.7% higher than the original samples respectively. As the mixed rare earth addition exceeded further, the compressive strength increased slowly and the flexural strength descended gradually. XRD and SEM were used to structure strengthening mechanism analysis.

scholarly journals Alloying Elements of Magnesium Alloys: A Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nouha Loukil
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Magnesium Alloys ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Mg Alloys ◽  
Alloying Elements ◽  
Strengthening Mechanisms ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
Lightweight Structures ◽  
Re Elements

Magnesium alloys are the lightest structural metal. The lightness is the main reason for the interest for Mg in various industrial and clinical applications, in which lightweight structures are in high demand. Recent research and developments on magnesium Mg alloys are reviewed. A particular attention is focused on binary and ternary Mg alloys consisting mainly of Al, Zn, Mn, Ca and rare earth (RE) elements. The effects of different alloying elements on the microstructure, the mechanical and the corrosion properties of Mg alloys are described. Alloying induces modifications of the microstructural characteristics leading to strengthening mechanisms, improving then the ductility and the mechanical properties of pure Mg.

scholarly journals Novel grain refinement of AZ91E magnesium alloy and the effect on hot tearing during solidfication

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdallah Elsayed
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Magnesium Alloys ◽  
Hot Tearing ◽  
Grain Refining ◽  
Grain Refiner ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Hot Tearing Susceptibility

For the A1-5Ti-1B grain refiner, the addition of 0.1 wt.% provided a 68 % reduction in grain size as compared to the unrefined AZ91E alloy at a holding time of five minutes. Grain growth restriction by TiB₂ particles was the source of grain refinement. With the addition of A1-5Ti-1B, only a small reduction in hot tearing susceptibility ws observed because large TiA1₃ particles bonded poorly with the eutectic and blocked feeding channels.The addition of 1.0 wt.% A1-1Ti-3B provided a grain size reduction of 63% as compared to the unrefined AZ91E alloy at a holding time of five minutes. The grain refinement with A1-1Ti-3B addition was attributed to a combination of TiB₂ grain growth restriction and A1B₂ nucleating sites. A significant reduction in hot tearing susceptibility was observed with A1-1Ti-3B addition as a result of a higher cooling rate and shorter local soldification time as compared to the AZ91E alloy. The reduction in hot tearing susceptibility was attributed to the good interface between eutectic and TiB₂ particles. Both grain refiners demonstrated a good resistance to fading during the holding times investigated. In addition, the AZ91E + A1-5Ti-1B and AZ91E + A1-1Ti-3B castings showed much fewer dislocation networks as compared to the untreated AZ91E casting.The development of efficient A1-Ti-B refiners can also improve castability of magnesium alloys. In addition, the fade resistant A1-Ti-B grain refiners can reduce operating costs and maintain productivity on the foundry floor. Thus, magnesium alloy with A1-Ti-B treatment have the potential for more demanding structural applications in the automobile and aerospace industries. Vehicle weight in the aerospace and automotive industries directly impacts carbon emissions and fuel efficiency. An increase in the use of lightweight materials for structural applications will result in lighter vehicles. Low density materials, such as magnesium (1.74 g/cm³) are a potential alternative to aluminium (2.70 g/cm³), to reduce component weight in structural applications.However, current magnesium alloys still do not have adequate mechanical properties and castability to meet the performance specifications of the automotive and aerospace industries. Grain refinement can significantly improve mechanical properties and reduce hot tearing during permanent mould casting. Recently, Al-Ti-B based grain refiners have shown potential in grain refining magnesium-aluminum alloys such as AZ91E. This study investigates the grain refining efficiency and fading of A1-5Ti-1B and A1-1Ti-3B in AZ91E magnesium alloy and their subsequent effect on hot tearing.The grain refiners were added at 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 and 1.0 wt.% levels. For the grain refinement and fading experiments, the castings were prepared using graphite moulds with holding times of 5, 10 and 20 minutes. For the hot tearing experiments, castings were produced representing the optimal addition level of each grain refiner. The castings were prepared using a permanent mould with pouring and mould temperatures of 720 and 180 ºC, respectively. The castings were characterized using SEM, TEM, optical microscopy and thermal analysis.

scholarly journals Alloying and Processing Effects on the Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Degradation Behavior of Extruded Magnesium Alloys Containing Calcium, Cerium, or Silver

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Bohlen ◽  
Sebastian Meyer ◽  
Björn Wiese ◽  
Bérengère J. C. Luthringer-Feyerabend ◽  
Regine Willumeit-Römer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Magnesium Alloys ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Degradation Behavior ◽  
Microstructure Development ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
Second Phase Particles ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
The Relationship

Magnesium alloys attract attention as degradable implant materials due to their adjustable corrosion properties and biocompatibility. In the last few decades, especially wrought magnesium alloys with enhanced mechanical properties have been developed, with the main aim of increasing ductility and formability. Alloying and processing studies allowed demonstrating the relationship between the processing and the microstructure development for many new magnesium alloys. Based on this experience, magnesium alloy compositions need adjustment to elements improving mechanical properties while being suitable for biomaterial applications. In this work, magnesium alloys from two Mg-Zn series with Ce (ZE) or Ca (ZX) as additional elements and a series of alloys with Ag and Ca (QX) as alloying elements are suggested. The microstructure development was studied after the extrusion of round bars with varied processing parameters and was related to the mechanical properties and the degradation behavior of the alloys. Grain refinement and texture weakening mechanisms could be improved based on the alloy composition for enhancing the mechanical properties. Degradation rates largely depended on the nature of second phase particles rather than on the grain size, but remained suitable for biological applications. Furthermore, all alloy compositions exhibited promising cytocompatibility.

scholarly journals A review of recent developments in Fe3Al-based alloys

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 1779-1805 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.G. McKamey ◽  
J.H. DeVan ◽  
P.F. Tortorelli ◽  
V.K. Sikka
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Iron Aluminides ◽  
Alloy Development ◽  
Sharp Drop ◽  
Environmental Embrittlement ◽  
Room Temperature Ductility ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Mechanical Properties And Corrosion

Fe3Al-based iron aluminides have been of interest for many years because of their excellent oxidation and sulfidation resistance. However, limited room temperature ductility (<5%) and a sharp drop in strength above 600 °C have limited their consideration for use as structural materials. Recent improvements in tensile properties, especially improvements in ductility produced through control of composition and microstructure, and advances in the understanding of environmental embrittlement in intermetallics, including iron aluminides, have resulted in renewed interest in this system for structural applications. The purpose of this paper is to summarize recent developments concerning Fe3Al-based aluminides, including alloy development efforts and environmental embrittlement studies. This report will concentrate on literature published since about 1980, and will review studies of fabrication, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance that have been conducted since that time.

Development of New Types of Magnesium Alloys Containing Sr or RE Elements

2007 ◽  
Vol 561-565 ◽  
pp. 191-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu Sheng Pan ◽  
Ming Bo Yang ◽  
Yan Long Ma
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Magnesium Alloys ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Microstructure And Properties ◽  
Minor Addition ◽  
Re Elements

The latest research results on new types of magnesium alloys containing strontium or rare earth elements are reviewed. Special attentions are paid to the alloying design, microstructure and properties controlling, the influence of minor addition of Sr and RE on the microstructure and properties of existing magnesium alloys. Some new types of magnesium alloys containing Sr or RE are introduced and discussed.

Effect of LaCl3 on the Structure and Properties of Magnesium Alloys

2005 ◽  
Vol 488-489 ◽  
pp. 111-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo Hua Wu ◽  
Hong Tao Guo ◽  
Xiao Qing Zeng ◽  
Wen Jiang Ding
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Magnesium Alloys ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Mg Alloy ◽  
Image Analyzer ◽  
Universal Material Testing Machine ◽  
Alloy Properties ◽  
Re Elements ◽  
Mg Melt

By use of the Zwick electronic universal material testing machine, X-ray diffractometer, SEM, EDX, image analyzer and corrosion test, the effects of LaCl3 on the mechanical properties, structure, fractography and corrosion behavior of magnesium alloy have been studied. The results show that minute nodular Al10La2Mn7 phases can be formed in Mg melts after fluxes containing LaCl3 are added to Mg melt. The Al10La2Mn7 phases can act as the nucleating site of γ phases, and the γ phases can be refined. With the flux containing 5% LaCl3, the σb and δ of the Mg alloy can be improved from 161MPa and 2.1% to 203MPa and 4.0% by 26% and 100%, respectively. The corrosion rate of magnesium alloys can decrease from 1.10 mg/(cm2.d) to 0.17 mg/(cm2.d) by 84% with the use of flux containing 5% LaCl3. Rare earth (RE) elements are often added to the magnesium alloy to improve the alloy structure and the room or elevated temperature mechanical properties. But up to present, the RE elements added to Mg melt is often in the form of pure RE alloy or RE master alloy [1]. Because RE is the oxidizable material, this kind of adding process often leads to low RE utilization ratio and high use-cost. Besides, this process can easily induce segregation of RE and the appeared coarse RE phases will lower the Mg alloy mechanical properties. By far, there is few research reports about RE contained compound added to Mg alloy melt. In this paper, the effects of Lanthanum chloride (LaCl3) on the structure and mechanical properties of Mg alloy are studied for the first time. The aim is to explore a new way to improve the Mg alloy properties.

Effect of Nd on Microstructures and Properties of AZ31 Wrought Mg Alloy

2007 ◽  
Vol 546-549 ◽  
pp. 301-304
Author(s):  
Wei Qiu ◽  
En Hou Han ◽  
Lu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Mg Alloys ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mg Alloy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Microstructures And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Re Elements

Addition of RE elements to Al-containing Mg alloys can improve properties of Mg alloys at elevated temperatures. In the present investigation, hot-extruded AZ31+x%Nd. (x=0.1,0.3,0.6and1.0 wt%) wrought Mg alloy were prepared .The effects of Nd on microstructures and mechanical properties at room temperature of new alloy were investigated. The investigation found that Nd can bring about two kind of precipitation phases . One is AlNd phase, the other is AlNdMn phase, which were identified as Al11Nd3 and Al8NdMn4 by X-ray diffraction and TEM.

scholarly journals Cold-Sprayed Aluminum-Silica Composite Coatings Enhance Antiwear/Anticorrosion Performances of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Lijia Fang ◽  
Yuting Xu ◽  
Li Gao ◽  
Xinkun Suo ◽  
Jianguo Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
Magnesium Alloys ◽  
Cold Spray ◽  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Silica Content ◽  
Protective Layers ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Enhanced Surface

Extensive efforts devoted in recent years to booming structural applications of lightweight magnesium alloys are usually undermined by their insufficient surface properties. Surface modification is therefore necessarily required in most cases for enhanced surface integrity of the alloys. Here, we report construction of aluminum-silica protective layers by cold spray on AZ31 magnesium alloys, and the effect of the silica additives on microstructure and mechanical properties of the coatings was examined. The ceramic particles were dispersed evenly in the coatings, and increased silica content gives rise to enhanced adhesion, antiwear performances, and microhardness of the coatings. The even distribution of silica in the coatings altered the wear regimes from adhesive to abrasive wear. The cold spray fabrication of the aluminum-silica protective coatings would facilitate structural applications of the magnesium alloys.

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