Novel Forming of Ti-6Al-4V by Laser Engineered Net Shaping

2013 ◽  
Vol 765 ◽  
pp. 393-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Wei Zhai ◽  
Diana A. Lados
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Laser Engineered Net Shaping ◽  
Subtractive Manufacturing ◽  
Static Mechanical ◽  
Near Net Shape ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Net Shaping ◽  
3D Digital Models ◽  
Static Mechanical Properties

Titanium alloys offer important weight and performance advantages, but are relatively expensive. Traditional “subtractive” manufacturing causes up to 95% material waste, which makes the manufacturing of titanium components even more expensive. Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS) is an effective method of “additively” making components layer-wise, directly from unit materials, based on 3D digital models. Parts fabricated by LENS are net/near-net shape, and therefore, this process minimizes, or even eliminates massive machining costs and material waste. In this study, as-fabricated LENS Ti-6Al-4V test specimens were investigated. The resulting microstructures were extensively characterized and correlated to processing parameters. In addition, room temperature tensile tests were conducted to obtain static mechanical properties and to understand the behaviour at LENS deposition-substrate interface. These results will be presented and discussed.

scholarly journals The Influence of Layer Thickness on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of M300 Maraging Steel Additively Manufactured by LENS® Technology

Materials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 603
Author(s):  
Natalia Rońda ◽  
Krzysztof Grzelak ◽  
Marek Polański ◽  
Julita Dworecka-Wójcik
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Maraging Steel ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Dendritic Microstructure ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Laser Engineered Net Shaping ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Net Shaping

This work investigates the effect of layer thickness on the microstructure and mechanical properties of M300 maraging steel produced by Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS®) technique. The microstructure was characterized using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mechanical properties were characterized by tensile tests and microhardness measurements. The porosity and mechanical properties were found to be highly dependent on the layer thickness. Increasing the layer thickness increased the porosity of the manufactured parts while degrading their mechanical properties. Moreover, etched samples revealed a fine cellular dendritic microstructure; decreasing the layer thickness caused the microstructure to become fine-grained. Tests showed that for samples manufactured with the chosen laser power, a layer thickness of more than 0.75 mm is too high to maintain the structural integrity of the deposited material.

scholarly journals Impact of PP Impurities on ABS Tensile Properties: Computational Mechanical Modelling Aspects

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1647
Author(s):  
Charles Signoret ◽  
Anne-Sophie Caro-Bretelle ◽  
José-Marie Lopez-Cuesta ◽  
Patrick Ienny ◽  
Didier Perrin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Predictive Tool ◽  
Important Variety ◽  
Static Mechanical ◽  
Local Properties ◽  
Criterion Behavior ◽  
Static Mechanical Properties ◽  
Very High

Recycling of plastics is hindered by their important variety and strong incompatibility. However, sorting technologies bear costs and meet limits. Very high purities (<2 wt%) are difficult to reach. Yet, such rates may be detrimental to functional properties. In this work, an ABS matrix (major plastic in Waste of Electrical and Electronic Equipments) was filled with 4 wt% of PP to mimic impurities in ABS after recycling. PP-g-MA was introduced in the blend to improve the compatibility. A finite element model was developed from the mechanical behavior of each component. ABS and PP were individually characterized from tensile tests instrumented with photomechanics and their behaviors were modelled through a set of numerical parameters (elasto-visco-plasticity with a Gurson’s criterion behavior). Comparison between the determinist model results and the experimental data (strength, volumetric variation) shows that this type of modelling could be a predictive tool in order to anticipate composite mechanical properties and to understand micromechanisms of deformation (damage, cavitation). The main result is that PP introduced at 4 wt% into ABS does not alter the static mechanical properties despite polymers incompatibility. The addition of PP-g-MA modifies the local properties and possibly conduct to a premature breakage of the polymer blend.

Laser Engineered Net Shaping In-Situ Synthesis of NiTi Alloy: Effects of Processing Parameters

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongzhe Zhang ◽  
Yunze Li ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Weilong Cong
Keyword(s):  
Niti Alloy ◽  
Hot Isostatic Pressing ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
In Situ Synthesis ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Laser Engineered Net Shaping ◽  
Manufacturing Methods ◽  
Traditional Manufacturing ◽  
Net Shaping

Abstract Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) alloy is difficult to be machined and fabricated due to its properties of rapid work-hardening and superelasticity. Traditional manufacturing methods, such as casting, vacuum arc melting, and hot-isostatic pressing, have disadvantages of high cost, time-consuming, and limitation in the complexity of parts’ fabrication. In order to reduce or solve these problems, laser additive manufacturing methods have been studied in the fabrication of NiTi alloy. Among the investigations, laser engineered net-shaping (LENS) in-situ synthesis of NiTi from blended Ni and Ti powders shows its unique advantage of cost-effectiveness and flexibility in tailoring NiTi’s phase transformation properties. In addition, it is reported that LENS in-situ synthesized NiTi parts have comparable properties with NiTi alloys fabricated from pre-alloyed powders. However, there are no existing investigations on the effects of processing parameters on the mechanical properties of the LENS in-situ fabricated NiTi parts. The processing parameters would have great influences on the properties of the LENS in-situ synthesized NiTi parts. This paper, for the first time, reports the effects of laser power, powder feeding rate, and Z increment of the deposition head on microstructure, microhardness, and Young’s modulus of the LENS in-situ synthesized NiTi parts.

scholarly journals Investigation of Micro-Hardness, Wear Resistance, and Defects of 316L Stainless Steel and TiC Composite Coating Fabricated by Laser Engineered Net Shaping

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guofu Lian ◽  
Chenmin Zhao ◽  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Xu Huang ◽  
Changrong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Coating ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Parameters Optimization ◽  
Wear Volume ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
Laser Engineered Net Shaping ◽  
Defect Area ◽  
Net Shaping ◽  
Processing Parameters Optimization

The influence of processing parameters in laser engineered net shaping (LENS) on the properties of 316L stainless steel and titanium carbide (TiC) composite coating was studied. The key processing parameters were laser power, scanning speed, TiC powder ratio, and powder feed rate. Mathematical models were developed to investigate the micro-hardness, wear volume, and defect area of the coating. The accuracy of the models was examined by analysis of variance and experimental validation. Results showed that micro-hardness was positively correlated with TiC powder ratio. Increasing TiC powder ratio could reduce the wear volume. In addition, the wear volume displayed an increase then decrease with increasing laser power and decreasing scanning speed. Both scanning speed and TiC powder ratio showed a recognizable impact on the defect area. Reducing the scanning speed and TiC powder ratio can effectively reduce the defect area. The targets for the processing parameters optimization were set to maximize micro-hardness, minimize wear volume, and defect area. The difference between the model prediction value and experimental validation result for micro-hardness, wear volume, and defect area were 0.46%, 4.54%, and 8.82%, respectively. These results provide guidance for the LENS processing parameters optimization in controlling and predicting of 316L/TiC composite coating properties.

scholarly journals Temperature-Dependent Creep Behavior and Quasi-Static Mechanical Properties of Heat-Treated Wood

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 968
Author(s):  
Dong Xing ◽  
Xinzhou Wang ◽  
Siqun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Creep Behavior ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Crosslinking Reaction ◽  
Depth Sensing ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Static Mechanical ◽  
Static Mechanical Properties

In this paper, Berkovich depth-sensing indentation has been used to study the effects of the temperature-dependent quasi-static mechanical properties and creep deformation of heat-treated wood at temperatures from 20 °C to 180 °C. The characteristics of the load–depth curve, creep strain rate, creep compliance, and creep stress exponent of heat-treated wood are evaluated. The results showed that high temperature heat treatment improved the hardness of wood cell walls and reduced the creep rate of wood cell walls. This is mainly due to the improvement of the crystallinity of the cellulose, and the recondensation and crosslinking reaction of the lignocellulose structure. The Burgers model is well fitted to study the creep behavior of heat-treated wood cell walls under different temperatures.

Quasi-static mechanical properties of novel generalized Resch-pattern composite foldcores

2020 ◽  
pp. 095440622094000
Author(s):  
Antao Deng ◽  
Bin Ji ◽  
Xiang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Geometric Design ◽  
Honeycomb Core ◽  
Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Static Mechanical ◽  
Laminate Thickness ◽  
Static Mechanical Properties

A new geometric design method for foldcores based on the generalized Resch patterns that allow face-to-face bonding interfaces between the core and the skins is proposed. Based on the geometric design method, a systematic numerical investigation on the quasi-static mechanical properties of the generalized Resch-based foldcores made of carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) woven fabrics subjected to compression and shear loads is performed using the finite element method that is validated by experiments. The relationships between the mechanical properties and various geometric parameters as well as laminate thickness of the generalized Resch-based CFRP foldcores are revealed. Additionally, the mechanical properties of the generalized Resch-based CFRP foldcore are compared to those of the standard Resch-based, Miura-based foldcore, the honeycomb core, and the aluminum counterpart. It is found that the generalized Resch-based CFRP foldcore performs more stably than the honeycomb core under compression and has higher compressive and shear stiffnesses than the standard Resch-based and Miura-based foldcores and absorbs as nearly twice energy under compression as the Miura-based foldcore does. When compared with the aluminum counterpart, the CFRP model has higher weight-specific stiffness and strength but lower energy absorption capacity under shearing. The results presented in this paper can serve as the useful guideline for the design of the generalized Resch-based composite foldcore sandwich structures for various performance goals.

Process Modeling in Laser Deposition of Multilayer SS410 Steel

2007 ◽  
Vol 129 (6) ◽  
pp. 1028-1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Wang ◽  
Sergio Felicelli
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Traverse Speed ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Net Shaping ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagram

A three-dimensional finite element model was developed to predict the temperature distribution and phase transformation in deposited stainless steel 410 (SS410) during the Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS™) rapid fabrication process. The development of the model was carried out using the SYSWELD software package. The model calculates the evolution of temperature in the part during the fabrication of a SS410 plate. The metallurgical transformations are taken into account using the temperature-dependent material properties and the continuous cooling transformation diagram. The ferritic and martensitic transformation as well as austenitization and tempering of martensite are considered. The influence of processing parameters such as laser power and traverse speed on the phase transformation and the consequent hardness are analyzed. The potential presence of porosity due to lack of fusion is also discussed. The results show that the temperature distribution, the microstructure, and hardness in the final part depend significantly on the processing parameters.

A Study on Estimation of S-N Curves for Structural Steels Based on their Static Mechanical Properties

2014 ◽  
Vol 891-892 ◽  
pp. 1639-1644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazutaka Mukoyama ◽  
Koushu Hanaki ◽  
Kenji Okada ◽  
Akiyoshi Sakaida ◽  
Atsushi Sugeta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Structural Steels ◽  
Metallic Materials ◽  
Fatigue Reliability ◽  
Regression Parameters ◽  
Static Mechanical ◽  
Static Mechanical Properties

The aim of this study is to develop a statistical estimation method of S-N curve for iron and structural steels by using their static mechanical properties. In this study, firstly, the S-N data for pure iron and structural steels were extracted from "Database on fatigue strength of Metallic Materials" published by the Society of Materials Science, Japan (JSMS) and S-N curve regression model was applied based on the JSMS standard, "Standard Evaluation Method of Fatigue Reliability for Metallic Materials -Standard Regression Method of S-N Curve-". Secondly, correlations between regression parameters and static mechanical properties were investigated. As a result, the relationship between the regression parameters and static mechanical properties (e.g. fatigue limit E and static tensile strength σB) showed strong correlations, respectively. Using these correlations, it is revealed that S-N curve for iron and structural steels can be predicted easily from the static mechanical properties.

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