Assessment of Wetting Kinematics and Cooling Performance of Select Vegetable Oils and Mineral-Vegetable Oil Blend Quench Media

2015 ◽  
Vol 830-831 ◽  
pp. 160-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.M. Pranesh Rao ◽  
K. Narayan Prabhu
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Canola Oil ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Heat Extraction ◽  
Cooling Performance ◽  
Oil Blend

Quench hardening is a process where an alloy is heated to solutionizing temperature and held for a definite period, and then rapidly cooled in a quenching medium. Selection of quenchant that can yield desired properties is essential as it governs heat extraction process during quenching. In the present work, the cooling performance of vegetable oil and mineral-vegetable oil blend quench media was assessed. The vegetable oils used in this work were olive oil, canola oil and rice bran oil. The mineral-vegetable oil blends were prepared by blending 10 and 20 vol. % of rice bran and canola oil in mineral oil. Inconel probe of 12.5mm diameter and 60mm height, instrumented with thermocouples were used to characterize quenchants. The probe was heated to 850°C and quenched in the oil medium. The cooling curves at different locations in the probe were used to study wetting kinematics. Inverse modelling technique was used to estimate spatially dependent metal-quenchant interfacial heat flux. It was found that the vegetable oils exhibited very short vapour blanket stage compared to mineral oil and blends. Faster wetting kinematics obtained with blends resulted in uniform heat transfer compared to that of mineral oil. The temperature distribution in the probe quenched in vegetable oils and blends was more uniform compared to that in mineral oil. It is expected that the parts quenched in vegetable oils and blends would lead to better hardness distribution compared to mineral oils.

scholarly journals Determination of Multiple Mycotoxins and Their Natural Occurrence in Edible Vegetable Oils Using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2795
Author(s):  
Thammaporn Junsai ◽  
Saranya Poapolathep ◽  
Samak Sutjarit ◽  
Mario Giorgi ◽  
Zhaowei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Ionization Source

The prevalence of mycotoxins is often increased by the climatic conditions prevailing in tropical regions. Reports have revealed the contamination of mycotoxins in some types of vegetable oil. However, vegetable oil is one of the essential ingredients used in food preparation. Thus, this study determined the occurrence of multi-mycotoxins in six types of vegetable oils commercially available in Thailand to assess the consumer health risk. In total, 300 vegetable oil samples (olive oil, palm oil, soybean oil, corn oil, sunflower oil, and rice bran oil) collected from various markets in Thailand were analyzed for the presence of nine mycotoxins, namely, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), aflatoxin B2 (AFB2), aflatoxin G1 (AFG1), aflatoxin G2 (AFG2), beauvericin (BEA), ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEA), fumonisin B1 (FB1), and fumonisin B2 (FB2) using a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS)-based procedure and a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ionization source. The incidences of mycotoxin contamination varied among the different types of oil samples. AFB1, AFB2, ZEA, FB1, and FB2 were most frequently found in contaminated samples. AFB2, BEA, ZEA, FB1, and FB2 contaminated olive oil samples, whereas AFB1, AFB2, AFG2, and OTA contaminated palm oil samples. AFB1, AFB2, and ZEA were found in soybean oils, whereas ZEA, FB1, and FB2 contaminated corn oil samples. AFB1 and AFG1 contaminated sunflower oil samples, whereas AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and OTA were detected in rice bran oil samples. However, the contamination levels of the analyzed mycotoxins were below the regulatory limits.

scholarly journals Technical aspects of biodiesel production from vegetable oils

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janahiraman Krishnakumar ◽  
Karuppannan Venkatachalapathy ◽  
Sellappan Elancheliyan
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Jatropha Oil

Biodiesel, a promising substitute as an alternative fuel has gained significant attention due to the finite nature of fossil energy sources and does not produce sulfur oxides and minimize the soot particulate in comparison with the existing one from petroleum diesel. The utilization of liquid fuels such as biodiesel produced from vegetable oil by transesterification process represents one of the most promising options for the use of conventional fossil fuels. In the first step of this experimental research, edible rice bran oil used as test material and converted into methyl ester and non-edible jatropha vegetable oil is converted into jatropha oil methyl ester, which are known as biodiesel and they are prepared in the presence of homogeneous acid catalyst and optimized their operating parameters like reaction temperature, quantity of alcohol and the catalyst requirement, stirring rate and time of esterification. In the second step, the physical properties such as density, flash point, kinematic viscosity, cloud point, and pour point were found out for the above vegetable oils and their methyl esters. The same characteristics study was also carried out for the diesel fuel for obtaining the baseline data for analysis. The values obtained from the rice bran oil methyl ester and jatropha oil methyl ester are closely matched with the values of conventional diesel and it can be used in the existing diesel engine without any hardware modification. In the third step the storage characteristics of biodiesel are also studied. .

Controlling NOx Emission of Crude Rice Bran Oil Blend for Sustainable Environment

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 515-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subramani Saravanan ◽  
Govindan Nagarajan ◽  
Radhakrishnan Ramanujam ◽  
Santhanam Sampath
Keyword(s):  
Rice Bran ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Sustainable Environment ◽  
Oil Blend

scholarly journals Enzymatic Degumming of Rice Bran Oil Using Different Commercial Phospholipases and Their Cocktails

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1197
Author(s):  
Mayara S. Rodrigues ◽  
Rafaela M. Dos Passos ◽  
Paula V. de A. Pontes ◽  
Marcela C. Ferreira ◽  
Antonio J. A. Meirelles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Residual Phosphorus ◽  
Enzymatic Degumming

Rice bran oil is a highly nutritious vegetable oil, as it is rich in tocols and γ-oryzanol. Degumming is the first step in the vegetable oil refining process, and its main objective is the removal of phospholipids or gums. In the present study, enzymatic degumming trials were performed on crude rice bran oil using the phospholipases PLA1, Purifine® PLC, their mixture (PLA1/PLC), and a cocktail known as Purifine® 3G. Enzymatic degumming applying 50 mg/kg of PLA1 for 120 min resulted in a residual phosphorus content of 10.4 mg/kg and an absolute free fatty acid increase of 0.30%. Enzymatic degumming applying 300 mg/kg of Purifine® PLC for 120 min at 60 °C resulted in a residual phosphorus content of 67 mg/kg and an absolute diacylglycerol increase of 0.41%. The mixture of phospholipases and the cocktail presented approximately 5 mg/kg of residual phosphorus content after the reaction times. For all degumming processes, the preservation of minor components such as tocols and γ-oryzanol were observed. These results indicate that the use of enzyme mixtures or their cocktails to attain low phosphorus content and high diacylglycerol/free fatty acid conversion during enzymatic degumming is a viable alternative.

Evaluation of the tribological properties and oxidative stability of epoxidized and ring opened products of pure rice bran oil

2020 ◽  
pp. 135065012095053
Author(s):  
Ananthan D Thampi ◽  
Abhishek R John ◽  
M Muhammed Arif ◽  
S Rani
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Viscosity Index ◽  
Oxidation Stability ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Four Levels

Vegetable oils constitute a potential base stock for bio-lubricants, which has good biodegradability, high flash point, high viscosity index and excellent boundary lubrication properties. They also possess some limitations like low thermal and oxidation stability, poor low temperature properties and narrow range of viscosities. These limitations can be altered by modifying the vegetable oils chemically or by providing additives into the oils. This research work focused on the chemical modification of pure rice bran oil by epoxidation process using 30% hydrogen peroxide and glacial acetic acid. The epoxidized rice bran oil was then subjected to ring opening process using butanoic acid. The epoxidation process was optimized with four factors (Temperature, Time, Weight % of Catalyst, Hydrogen Peroxide molar ratio), each factors having four levels. The lubricant properties of pure rice bran oil (RBO), epoxidized rice bran oil (ERBO) and ring opened rice bran oil (RRBO) were studied. It was noted that the lubricant properties of ERBO and RRBO were better compared to pure RBO.

Synthesis of Methyl Ester from Rice Bran Oil through the Esterification Reaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 851 ◽  
pp. 164-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aman Santoso ◽  
Abdurrohman ◽  
Anugrah Ricky Wijaya ◽  
Dedek Sukarianingsih ◽  
Sumari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Esterification Reaction

Vegetable oil is one of rice bran components. As triglycerides, vegetable oil can be converted to fatty acid and alkyl esters for further treatments. Synthesis of alkyl ester oil can be carried out by esterification or transesterification reaction, depending on the quality of the oil and the catalyst. The purposes of this study are 1) Rice bran oil isolation, 2) Oil esterification 3) Characterization and identification of the methyl ester that compose rice bran oil. The stages in this research are 1) Extraction of rice bran oil, 2) Synthesis of methyl ester from rice bran through esterification reaction, 3) Methyl ester characterization of rice bran oil and its potential test as biodiesel included determination of density, viscosity, refractive index, and acid number test, 4) The identification of synthesized methyl esters composition using GC-MS. The results showed that rice bran oil has a yield of 18.09%. Synthesis of methyl esters from rice bran oil through the esterification reaction with a catalyst acid yields 72.37%. The characters of the synthesized methyl ester are on the range of biodiesel quality standards, namely, the density is 0.850 g/mL, viscosity is 4.73 cSt, a refractive index is 1.45871, and an acid number is 0.76 g KOH/g methyl ester, therefore it is claimed that the synthesized methyl esters have the potential as biodiesel. The GC-MS result showed the presence of compounds methyl tetradecanoate (0.38%), methyl hexadecanoate (40.67%), methyl 9-octadecenoate (53.68%), methyl octadecanoate (5.02%), and methyl eicosanoate (0.14%).

Protection by pure and genistein fortified extra virgin olive oil, canola oil, and rice bran oil against acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 860-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Tanideh ◽  
Fatemeh Sadeghi ◽  
Sasan Amanat ◽  
Donya Firoozi ◽  
Ali Noorafshan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Canola Oil ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Dietary Oils ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Conjugation of genistein and dietary oils improves the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of genistein on colitis in rats.

Experimental investigation of the combustion characteristics of a biodiesel (rice-bran oil methyl ester)-fuelled direct-injection transportation diesel engine

2007 ◽  
Vol 221 (8) ◽  
pp. 921-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Sinha ◽  
A K Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Biodiesel Blends ◽  
Crank Angle

Increased environmental awareness and depletion of fossil petroleum resources are driving industry to develop alternative fuels that are environmentally more acceptable. Transesterified vegetable oil derivatives called ‘biodiesel’ appear to be the most convenient way of utilizing bio-origin vegetable oils as substitute fuels in diesel engines. The methyl esters of vegetable oils do not require significant modification of existing engine hardware. Previous research has shown that biodiesel has comparable performance and lower brake specific fuel consumption than diesel with significant reduction in emissions of CO, hydrocarbons (HC), and smoke but slightly increased NO x emissions. In the present experimental research work, methyl ester of rice-bran oil is derived through transesterification of rice-bran oil using methanol in the presence of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) catalyst. Experimental investigations have been carried out to examine the combustion characteristics in a direct injection transportation diesel engine running with diesel, biodiesel (rice-bran oil methyl ester), and its blends with diesel. Engine tests were performed at different engine loads ranging from no load to rated (100 per cent) load at two different engine speeds (1400 and 1800 r/min). A careful analysis of the cylinder pressure rise, heat release, and other combustion parameters such as the cylinder peak combustion pressure, rate of pressure rise, crank angle at which peak pressure occurs, rate of pressure rise, and mass burning rates was carried out. All test fuels exhibited similar combustion stages as diesel; however, biodiesel blends showed an earlier start of combustion and lower heat release during premixed combustion phase at all engine load-speed combinations. The maximum cylinder pressure reduces as the fraction of biodiesel increases in the blend and, at higher engine loads, the crank angle position of the peak cylinder pressure for biodiesel blends shifted away from the top dead centre in comparison with baseline diesel data. The maximum rate of pressure rise was found to be higher for diesel at higher engine loads; however, combustion duration was higher for biodiesel blends.

scholarly journals Investigation on improving the thermal efficiency of a mini boiler fired with straight vegetable oils

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2 Part A) ◽  
pp. 713-722
Author(s):  
Maran Punnaivanam ◽  
Arumugam Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Oil Blends ◽  
Air Supply

In the present work, straight sunflower oil and rice bran oil blended with diesel have been used as fuel diesel in a mini boiler. The thermal efficiency of the boiler and emission levels in the exhaust gases have been investigated by burning the oil blends of varying proportions ranging from 0-50%. An additional air supply system and compressed air atomization of fuel with a new burner have been used to improve the thermal efficiency of the mini boiler. Results revealed that the addi?tional air supply improved the thermal efficiency up-to 7% and reduced the CO and HC emission up-to 40%. The use of compressed air atomization further increased the thermal efficiency up-to 4% and reduced the CO and HC emission up-to 70%.

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