Tensile Properties and Dynamic Mechanical Behaviour of Natural Rubber Compound Filled with Rice Husk Silica Produced via Solvent-Thermal Extraction Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 947 ◽  
pp. 195-199
Author(s):  
Zainathul Akhmar Salim Abdul Salim ◽  
Aziz Hassan ◽  
Hanafi Ismail ◽  
Nor Hafizah Che Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Mechanical Behaviour ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Silica Content ◽  
Rice Husk Silica ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical ◽  
Thermal Extraction ◽  
Rubber Filler

This study highlighted the effect of incorporation of rice husk silica (RHS) on the tensile properties and dynamic mechanical behaviour of natural rubber (NR) compounds. High purity RHS was synthesised by solvent-thermal extraction method, which was inspired by TAPPI T204 cm-97 and TAPPI T264 cm-97 standards with some modifications. The extraction method had successfully produced RHS with 99.9% of silica content and surface area of 234.25 m2/g. The incorporation of RHS in NR showed increment in tensile properties compared to unfilled NR. Further improvement was recorded by surface modification of RHS with 1 wt. % bis (triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide (TESPT). The modification of RHS with TESPT increased the rubber-filler interaction between RHS and NR matrix, hence enhancing the strength-related properties. The modified RHS-NR also recorded highest storage modulus, and the presence of RHS in the NR compound had slightly shifted the glass transition temperature (Tg) to a higher value. This confirmed that the strong rubber-filler interaction had increased the rigidity of the compounds and restricted the mobility of the rubber chains.

Mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of rice husk ash-filled natural rubber compounds

2002 ◽  
Vol 83 (11) ◽  
pp. 2331-2346 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Da Costa ◽  
L. L. Y. Visconte ◽  
R. C. R. Nunes ◽  
C. R. G. Furtado
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical ◽  
Rubber Compounds

Properties of Rice Husk Ash Silica Filled Prevulcanized Deproteinized Natural Rubber Latex Film

2017 ◽  
Vol 757 ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
Panjaporn Wongwitthayakool ◽  
Su Geun Yang ◽  
Jitpimon Siripanth ◽  
Chomsri Siriwong ◽  
Thanunya Saowapark
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Natural Rubber Latex ◽  
Latex Film ◽  
Damping Factor ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical ◽  
Sem Image ◽  
Si Content ◽  
Deproteinized Natural Rubber

Silica extracted from rice husk ash (RHA-Si) was incorporated in deproteinized natural rubber (DPNR) latex compounds up to 20 phr. The cast films were prepared after the prevulcanization at 70°C for 2 hours. The effect of RHA-Si loading on swelling and tensile properties was investigated. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to examine morphology of the prevulcanized films. Dynamic mechanical behaviors of filled prevulcanizates were studied using the dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA). Two types of tests, namely, temperature sweep and strain sweep test were performed. Swelling test revealed the decrease in crosslink density with increasing RHA-Si loading more than 10 phr. Tensile strength and elongation at break decreased with increasing RHA-Si loading. Conversely, the presence of RHA-Si increased the modulus at 100% strain of the prevulcanized DPNR latex films. The poor filler-rubber distribution was evidenced by SEM image. The DMA results exhibited that storage modulus (G′) and damping factor (tanδ) increased with increasing RHA-Si loading. The narrow linear viscoelastic (LVE) region was noticed for prevulcnizates filled with high RHA-Si content. Glass transition temperature (Tg) of highly filled DPNR shift to low temperature.

Mechanical Properties and Morphologies of Rice Husk Silica/Epoxy Nanocomposites

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 220-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Qing Liu ◽  
Ji Yan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Silica Content ◽  
Flexural Test ◽  
Neat Resin ◽  
Rice Husk Silica ◽  
Scanning Electron

Amorphous rice husk silica with purity of 99.3% and the specific surface area value of 212 mP2P/g was obtained by burning the dilute HCl treated rice husk at 600°C. After being modified with γ-glycidyloxipropyltrimethoxysilane (KH-550), silica particles with size ranging from 30 to 50 nm were obtained and subsequently used as filler to prepare epoxy-based nanocomposites with 0, 1, 3, 5 and 10 wt% silica content. The mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were characterized in terms of tensile and flexural test. The morphologies of fracture surfaces of nanocomposites were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Depending on the silica content, the stiffness, strength and toughness of the nanocomposites can be increased more or less compared with neat resin.

MAGNETORHEOLOGICAL ELASTOMER COMPOSITES BASED ON INDUSTRIAL WASTE NICKEL ZINC FERRITE AND NATURAL RUBBER

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 749-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nordalila Moksin ◽  
Hanafi Ismail ◽  
Muhammad Khalil Abdullah ◽  
Raa Khimi Shuib
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Zinc Ferrite ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical ◽  
Nickel Zinc ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Tan Δ

ABSTRACT Magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) based on waste nickel zinc ferrite and natural rubber were prepared. The amount of waste nickel zinc ferrite was varied at five levels (20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 phr) to assess the optimum amount of waste nickel zinc ferrite content for highest dynamic mechanical and tensile performance. Curing characteristics of the MREs were determined by moving disk rheometer (MDR 2000), and thermal properties were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Tan δ was measured through parallel and plate rheometer over a frequency range of 0.1–100 Hz and a strain amplitude range of 0.1–6%. Tensile properties were measured with a universal tensile tester. The results revealed that tan δ, tensile properties, and thermal stability of the MREs increased with increase of waste nickel zinc ferrite contents. Anisotropic MREs, which had chain-like columnar structures of magnetic particles in the matrix as a consequence of an applied magnetic field during curing, were found to produce higher dynamic mechanical performance compared with isotropic MREs cured in the absence of a magnetic field.

Aqueous Dispersion of Rice Husk Powder as a Compatible Filler for Natural Rubber Latex Foam

2012 ◽  
Vol 626 ◽  
pp. 530-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamala Ramasamy ◽  
Hanafi Ismail ◽  
Yamuna Munusamy
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Natural Rubber Latex ◽  
Aqueous Dispersion ◽  
Silica Content ◽  
Rubber Latex ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer ◽  
Acidic Nature

Rice husk powder (RHP) which is a fibrous agricultural waste is widely used as potential filler, novel adsorbent or coating for dry polymers. However, the compatibility of RHP with natural rubber latex (NRL) is yet to be studied. The main goal of this reported work was to create a method to incorporate RHP with NRL and achieve a compatible dispersion. However the amorphous silica content (acidic nature) in RHP makes it difficult to directly incorporate RHP to NRL compound. In this research, RHP was modified by adding ammonia, distilled water and dispersing agents to make an aqueous compatible alkaline dispersion for NRL. Also the particle size of RHP is reduced up to - 300micron to make it more compatible with the NRL. The compatibility of modified RHP is analyzed by sedimentation with time, particle size analyzer, pH and morphology study. The test results supports that modified RHP is more compatible with the NRL compound to obtain a stable foam in NRLF preparation.

Fabrication of Rice Husk Ash/Natural Rubber Composite

2011 ◽  
Vol 393-395 ◽  
pp. 92-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zong Qiang Zeng ◽  
He Ping Yu ◽  
Hong Chao Liu ◽  
Shuang Quan Liao ◽  
Zheng Peng
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Coupling Agent ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Main Trend ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical

The preparation of rubber-based composite from agricultural by-product is the main trend to upgrade the performance of rubber and reduce the cost. In this work, the rice husk ash/natural rubber (RHA/NR) composites were prepared by latex mixing process using the RHA modified with rare earth coupling agent. The mechanical properties, dynamic mechanical properties, thermal stability and morphology of RHA/NR composites were analyzed by universal testing machine, dynamic mechanical analyzer, thermo gravimetric analyzer and scanning electron microscope. The results indicate that previous modification of RHA with rare earth coupling agent can improve the dispersion of RHA in NR matrix significantly and increase the interaction between RHA particles and NR matrix and thus upgrade the mechanical properties and anti-oxidative behaviors of RHA/NR composite. The RHA/NR composite of highest mechanical properties and anti-oxidative behaviors can be obtained with a RHA loading of 4 per hundred rubber.

A Comparative Study of the Effect of Crosslink Agents and Chemical Modification on Properties of Natural Rubber Vulcanizates

2011 ◽  
Vol 415-417 ◽  
pp. 2334-2337
Author(s):  
Anoma Thitithammawong ◽  
Charoen Nakason ◽  
Rusmawatee Kasoe
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Chemical Modification ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical ◽  
Mooney Viscosity ◽  
Natural Rubber Vulcanizates

The influence of crosslink agents on properties of modified-NRs was investigated. The results prove that the presence of oxirane rings and/or chlorine atoms on the ENR and CENR molecules prominently affects on overall studied properties of the vulcanized rubbers. Crosslink agents also play significant role on Mooney viscosity, curing and tensile properties of the vulcanized rubbers, however, they are less influence on dynamic mechanical and thermal properties.

Effect of Acrylic Acid Treated Rice Husk Silica on Properties of Poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 410 ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
Jirapa Phosee ◽  
Jatuporn Wittayakun ◽  
Nitinat Suppakarn
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Filler Content ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Rice Husk Silica ◽  
Reinforcing Filler

In this work, rice husk silica (RHS), obtained from rice husk waste, was used as a reinforcing filler for preparing PBAT composites. In order to facilitate interfacial adhesion between PBAT matrix and RHS filler, the RHS surface was treated with acrylic acid (AA) at a reaction temperature of 140°C. The RHS to AA weight ratio was fixed while the reaction times were varied between 3-24 h. TGA results and FTIR spectra indicated the appearance of AA molecules on RHS surface. Untreated RHS (U-RHS) and AA treated RHS (AA-RHS) were used to produce PBAT composites. The filler content was 30 wt%. Tensile properties and impact strength of AA-RHS/PBAT composites were higher than those of U-RHS/PBAT composite. As revealed by SEM micrographs, AA-RHS was well dispersed in PBAT matrix and the interfacial adhesion between RHS surface and PBAT matrix was improved.

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