Characterization of Ornamental Stones Wastes for Use in Ceramic Materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 958 ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Castoldi Borlini Gadioli ◽  
Victor Moza Ponciano ◽  
Bárbara da Hora Rocha Bessa ◽  
Jefferson Luiz Camargo ◽  
Pedro Porto Pizeta
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Environmental Classification ◽  
Ornamental Stones ◽  
Conventional Technology ◽  
Alkaline Oxides ◽  
Red Ceramics

Ornamental stones processing produces large amounts of wastes, which without treatment, are disposed in deposits, constituting the major environmental problem in this sector in Brazil. There is a great variety of rocks and different technologies in the ornamental stones processing. Rock block sawing can be performed using multi-blade gangsaw, the conventional technology, or multiwire gangsaw, latest technology which uses only diamond wire and water to cut blocks. In recent years there has been a great change in the use of ornamental stones sawing technologies, where currently almost 50% of the sawed materials are processed by the multi wire technology. The ornamental stones wastes have compounds that can collaborate in the processing of the ceramic. Due to the great variety of Brazilian ornamental stones and technologies in addition to the growth of de sector in recent years, there is a need for new studies regard to the characterization and environmental classification of waste, for a better management and application. Therefore, the objective of this work was the characterization and environmental classification of ornamental stones wastes aiming their use in red ceramics. The wastes were characterized with the determination of its chemical composition and mineralogical analysis, particle size, morphological analysis and environmental, the latter by means of the leaching and solubilization tests, for subsequent classification. The wastes are composed mainly of SiO2, Al2O3, alkaline oxides, earth alkaline oxides and iron, and those which were submitted to the leaching and solubilization tests are classified as non-inert.

Characterization of a Red Mud and a Clay Body for Ceramic Fabrication

2014 ◽  
Vol 798-799 ◽  
pp. 514-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Pereira Babisk ◽  
Thalissa Pizetta Altoé ◽  
Henrique Junio de Oliveira Lopes ◽  
Ulisses Soares do Prado ◽  
Monica Castoldi Borlini Gadioli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Mud ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Clay Matrix ◽  
Clay Body ◽  
Clay Ceramics ◽  
Red Ceramics ◽  
Ceramic Clay

Red mud is a specific term applied for a residue generated during the processing of aluminum ores, mainly bauxite in the Bayer process, to produce alumina (Al2O3). In several countries where bauxite is mined and processed, distinct red muds are generated in ever growing amounts and becoming an environmental problem. This problem is also affecting the large bauxite processing plants in Brazil and a possible solution for the red mud is its addition to clay ceramics. Before an industrial scale addition is implanted, the specific red mud needs to be characterized for compatible behavior with the ceramic clay matrix. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to characterize a red mud generated in Brazil for an eventual addition to clay ceramic. This was conducted through the determination of density, chemical and mineralogical composition as well as size distribution and microscopic observation of particles. The results indicated that the specific red mud investigated is compatible with clays and has a potential for addition in common red ceramics.

Contact and Bending Strength Tests of Ceramics: What is the Difference?

2009 ◽  
Vol 409 ◽  
pp. 185-192
Author(s):  
Lucia Hegedűsová ◽  
Alexandra Kovalčíková ◽  
Monika Kašiarová ◽  
Ján Dusza
Keyword(s):  
Bending Strength ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Contact Test ◽  
Four Point Bending ◽  
Sic Ceramic ◽  
Bending Mode ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
The Difference

The paper deals with the determination of the characteristic strength and the Weibull modulus m of Si3N4 and SiC ceramic materials using conventional four-point bending and unconventional contact tests between opposite rollers and opposite spheres. Ceramographic and fractographic methods were used for the characterization of strength degrading defects represented by processing flaws and by cracks of different types arising during the loading. The processing flaws influenced the Weibull parameters mainly in the bending mode, and the strength and its scatter in contact modes was influenced by lateral, median and contact end cracks, originated during the contact test using rollers, and by cone cracks originated during the contact test using spheres.

scholarly journals ДИЗАЙН-ПРОЕКТУВАННЯ СУЧАСНИХ СУКОНЬ З ОЗДОБЛЕННЯМ З УРАХУВАННЯМ ВЛАСТИВОСТЕЙ ТКАНИН

2020 ◽  
pp. 79-90
Author(s):  
К. Л. Пашкевич ◽  
О. В. Єжова ◽  
Т. Ф. Кротова ◽  
Н. Д. Креденець ◽  
Лю Цзянсінь ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
System Approach ◽  
Surface Density ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Parameters ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Selection Of

To study the specifics of design-projection of clothes with finishing, considering the properties of fabrics. The system approach, as well as the methods of system-structural and morphological analysis, are used. The current collections of women`s clothes, presented by modern designers, have been analyzed; the current fashion trends in manufacturing and finishing of dress fabrics and products, made from such fabrics, have been identified; the classification of types of finishing of clothes has been presented. The frequency of occurrence of different types of finishing in the collections of world-famous designers in 2011 – 2019 has been determined. Physical and mechanical properties of samples of dress fabrics have been studied, in particular: thickness, surface density, abruption characteristics; their interconnections have been identified. The recommendations on the selection of fabrics for the creation of modern women`s dresses using different types of finishing (flat, volumetric) have been developed. The interconnections between physical and mechanical parameters of dress fabrics are identified, and the recommendations on the selection of fabrics for the creation of modern women`s dresses using the finishing based on the tectonic approach are developed. The conducted set of scientific researches on the design-projection of women`s dresses, based on the tectonic approach, and the determination of physical and mechanical parameters of dress fabrics are the basis for the development of recommendations on the selection of fabrics for the manufacturing of dresses with a variety of finishes.

The Liturgical Cope of D. Teotónio of Braganza: Material Characterization of a 16th Century Pluviale

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Ferreira ◽  
Hugo Moreiras ◽  
Ana Manhita ◽  
Paula Tomaz ◽  
José Mirão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Detection ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Red Dye ◽  
Material Study

AbstractA 16th century liturgical cope belonging to D. Teotónio of Braganza (collection of the Museum of Évora, ME 172/1) was selected for a material study. The cope is made of a variety of materials that include two different types of metal threads, dyed silk yarns, and vegetable yarns used in the weft. Several samples from different points representing the different metal thread types and colored silk yarns were collected. Stereomicroscopy (optical microscopy) and scanning electron microscopy were used for morphological analysis of the textile fibers and evaluation of metal thread degradation products. Evaluation of mordants and metal thread composition was carried out by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Liquid chromatography with diode array and mass spectrometry detection was used for dye identification, which allowed the determination of three different red dye sources and one yellow dye source in the colored silk yarns. Although different fabrics were used in the manufacturing of the cope, similarities identified in the characterization of the materials suggest that a single workshop was involved in its making.

Mechanical Characterization of Apricena Marble by Ultrasonic Immersion Tests

2014 ◽  
Vol 628 ◽  
pp. 109-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Castellano ◽  
Pilade Foti ◽  
Aguinaldo Fraddosio ◽  
Salvatore Marzano ◽  
Mario Daniele Piccioni
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Elastic Moduli ◽  
Mechanical Characterization ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Elastic Response ◽  
Ultrasonic Velocities ◽  
Elastic Materials

We characterize the elastic response of Apricena marble by using advanced ultrasonic nondestructive techniques. An innovative experimental device for ultrasonic immersion tests is employed for the determination of ultrasonic velocities of waves travelling into the sample for any angle of propagation. The interpretation of the experimental results within the theoretical framework of wave propagation in elastic materials allows for both the classification of the anisotropy and the determination of the elastic moduli.

scholarly journals Characterization of Gels Containing Pectin and Optimization of Gel Production by Taguchi Method in Food Industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-204
Author(s):  
S. Sagir ◽  
Nil Acarali ◽  
M. Z. Durak
Keyword(s):  
Taguchi Method ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflectance ◽  
Total Reflectance ◽  
Conventional Optimization

The objective of this research was to optimize the gel production by Taguchi Method as an optimization method and characterize gels by using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR – FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. The statistical method results were obtained and analyzed comparatively in terms of improving both cost and quality for determination of optimum pro-cess parameters. This optimization method uses the S/N ratio as a measure of quality characteristics deviating from or nearing to the desired values. This method is expected to serve as an alternative to the conventional optimization method. Clear discrimina-tion and classification of all the studied gel products containing pectin were achieved by hierarchical clus-ter. As a result, the gels produced could be evaluated in food products such as ice cream, milk dessert or other gelatin containing products such as pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.

scholarly journals ДИЗАЙН-ПРОЕКТУВАННЯ КОЛЕКЦІЇ ЖІНОЧОГО ОДЯГУ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ ПЕРФОРАЦІЇ

2018 ◽  
pp. 120-131
Author(s):  
К. Л. Пашкевич ◽  
Н. Д. Креденець ◽  
А. В. Постельняк ◽  
О. М. Кінчина
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Structural Method ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Women's Clothing ◽  
Complex Approach ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Initial Object

Determination of features design features of the creative collection of women’s clothing using decorative finishes – perforations. The complex approach of the system-structural method and the morphological analysis of the initial object of the investigation with its subsequent synthesis on the basis of the obtained data is applied.  The analysis of the design of clothing collections with various types of modern finishes is carried out, collections of modern Ukrainian and foreign designers are analyzed with the purpose of determining modern methods of production of perforation in clothes and modern fashion trends. The drawings for perforation in clothes and ways of its combination with other types of decoration of the clothing surface are considered. A classification of the types of perforations and methods of its production has been developed, on the basis of which an actual collection of women's clothing with manual perforation has been developed.

scholarly journals Physicochemical and isotopical characterization of groundwater in the basin of Guelma, North-East of Algeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaddour Benmarce ◽  
Kamel Khanchoul
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
High Water ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
North East ◽  
Groundwater Aquifers ◽  
Calcium Bicarbonate ◽  
Carbonate Formations

Abstract Water quality is an important criterion for evaluating the suitability of water for drinking and domestic purpose. The main objective of this study was to investigate the physicochemical characterization of groundwater for drinking water consumption. Ten captured sources were selected from three aquifers including the Guelma Mio-Plio-Quaternary alluvial basin; the Senonian Heliopolis Neritic limestone aquifer, and the Eocene limestones of Ras El Agba-Sellaoua aquifer. The analyses concerned the periods of high water in May 2017 and low water in August 2017. Twelve parameters were determined for the water samples: pH, T (°C), EC, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl−, HCO3−, SO42−, NO3−, TH (hydrotimetric degree), TAT (total alkalinity titration). The interpretation of the various analytical results allowed the determination of the chemical facies and the classification of the groundwater aquifers as follows: (i) in the alluvial layer, the gypsiferous marl substratum and the clays of the three terraces (high, medium and low) have given the water a chlorinated calcium chemical facies in the east part of the study area and travertines feeding partly alluvial layer, and have given a bicarbonated calcium water facies in the west, (ii) in the Senonian of Heliopolis limestone and Eocene carbonate formations of Ras El Agba-Sellaoua, the chemical facies are calcium bicarbonate. Water isotopes (δ18O and δD) helped to determine the origin of groundwater. Overall, the groundwater in the area is hard and has significant to excessive mineralization. It is progressively degraded in the direction of flow, especially in the Guelma alluvial aquifer.

Application of Sans to Ceramic Characterization

1986 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. Frase ◽  
K. A. Hardman-Rhyne ◽  
N. F. Berk
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Scattering ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Small Angle Neutron Scattering ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Pore Size Distributions ◽  
Mdf Cements ◽  
Characterization Of Materials ◽  
Non Destructive

ABSTRACTTraditionally, small angle neutron scattering (SANS) has been used to study dilute concentrations of defects 1 -100 nm in size. Recent extensions of the scattering theory have allowed the expansion of the technique to include larger sizes through the use of multiple scattering. With multiple small angle neutron scattering, defects (pores, microcracks, precipitates) up to 10 μm in size can be studied. SANS is inherently a non-destructive, bulk probe of microstructure, with wide applications in the characterization of materials.A number of studies of ceramic materials using multiple and traditional (single particle diffraction) small angle neutron scattering will be discussed. The emphasis will be on the strength of the technique in the characterization of materials. Particular examples will include: the assessment of pore size distributions in spinel compacts as a function of sintering and agglomeration, the characterization of primary and secondary particle sizes in precipitated aggregates, and the determination of microporosity in MDF cements.

scholarly journals Field Spectroscopy Applied to the Kaolinite Polytypes Identification

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Andrea García-Vicente ◽  
Adrián Lorenzo ◽  
Juan Morales ◽  
Emilia García-Romero ◽  
Mercedes Suárez
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Short Wave ◽  
Second Derivative ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Good Agreement

A detailed characterization of a group of kaolin samples rich in some minerals of the kaolinite group was done. The mineralogical and structural characterization was conducted by X-ray diffraction (XRD) together with the study of the spectroscopy response in visible-near infrared and short wave (VNIR–SWIR), and the main objective was the determination of kaolinite polytypes. The XRD patterns group the samples according to the kaolinite polytype into five kaolinites, two dickites and six halloysites. Diagnostic peaks for kaolinite, dickite polytypes and halloysite were identified in the spectra and in the second derivative of the SWIR region. The position and intensity of the peaks in the second derivative were statistically treated with the aim of classifying the spectra according to the polytype. In good agreement with the XRD results, the statistical analysis of the spectroscopic data, both by cluster analysis and by principal components analysis, allows an unequivocal classification of the samples according to the polytype from their VNIR–SWIR spectra.

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