Microcrystalline Cellulose Based on Cellulose Containing Raw Material Modified by Steam Explosion Treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 773-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry B. Prosvirnikov ◽  
Rushan G. Safin ◽  
S.R. Zakirov
Keyword(s):  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Experimental Evaluation ◽  
Steam Explosion ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Dispersion Analysis ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Lignocellulosic Material ◽  
Residual Lignin ◽  
Plant Raw Materials

Today’s methods for producing powdered celluloses, in particular microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), from various plant raw materials, while applying new highly efficient methods for the isolation of cellulose are of a great interest. One of these methods is the production of MCC from lignocellulosic material activated by steam explosion treatment. The material obtained by this method from wood has a high reactivity, low content of residual lignin, a high specific surface, which allows to subject it successfully and efficiently to accelerated delignification or hydrolytic breakdown (degradation). This ability of the lignocellulosic material, activated by steam explosion, is the basis of this study, which provides the results of an experimental evaluation of the component and dispersion analysis of MCC, obtained from this material.

TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF HIGH QUALITY RAW MATERIAL OBTAINING FOR PECTIN PRODUCTION

1970 ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
I. A. Ilina ◽  
I. A. Machneva ◽  
E. S. Bakun
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Temperature Conductivity ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Gel Forming Ability

  The article is devoted to the study of the chemical composition, physical and thermal-pfysical characteristics of damp apple pomaces and the identifying patterns of influence of drying temperature the functional composition and gel-forming ability of pectin. The research is aimed at obtaining initial data for the subsequent calculation of the main technological, hydro-mechanical, thermal, structural and economic characteristics of devices for drying the plant raw materials, ensuring the environmental safety and high quality of pectin-containing raw materials, the reducing heat and energy costs. As a result of the study of the thermal characteristics of apple pomaces, the critical points (temperature conductivity – 16.5 x 10-8 m2/s, thermal conductivity – 0.28 W/m K, heat capacity – 1627 j/(kg K)) at a humidity of 56 % are determined, which characterizing the transition from the extraction of weakly bound moisture to the extraction of moisture with strong bonds (colloidal, adsorption). It was found that the pomaces obtained from apples of late ripening have a higher content of solids (21-23 %), soluble pectin and protopectin (2.5-4.5 %). Dried pomaces obtained from apple varieties of late ripening contain up to 25 % pectin, which allow us to recommend them as a source of raw materials for the production of pectin. The optimum modes of preliminary washing of raw materials are offered, allowing to the remove the ballast substances as much as possible. It is established that when the drying temperature increases, the destructive processes are catalyzed: the strength of the pectin jelly and the uronide component and the degree of pectin esterification are reduced. The optimum drying temperature of damp apple pomaces is 80 0C, at which the quality of pectin extracted from the dried raw materials is maintained as much as possible. It is shown that the most effective for the pectin production is a fraction with a particle size of 3-5 mm, which allow us to extract up to 71 % of pectin from raw materials.

TECHNOLOGY FOR OBTAINING PECTIN CONCENTRATE FROM ROSEHIP FRUITS

2021 ◽  
pp. 87-90
Author(s):  
М.Ж. Кизатова ◽  
Д.А. Абдуллаева
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Plant Raw Material ◽  
Pectin Substances

Статья посвящена важности пектиновых веществ, а также расширению сферы использования лекарственного растительного сырья. В качестве лекарственного растительного сырья представлены технологии получения пектинового экстракта из плодов шиповника, которые встречаются на территории Казахстана 25 видов. Применение пектина в медицине. The article is devoted to the importance of pectin substances, as well as to the expansion of the use of medicinal plant raw materials. As a medicinal plant raw material, technologies for obtaining pectin extract from rosehip fruits, which are found in 25 species on the territory of Kazakhstan, are presented. The use of pectin in medicine

TECHNOLOGY OF PLANT RAW MATERIALS MICROBIOLOGICAL PROCESSING WITH PLEUROTUS STRAINS FOR FEED PRODUCTS PRODUCTION

2020 ◽  
pp. 405-414
Author(s):  
Veronika Valentinovna Tarnopol’skaya ◽  
Tat'yana Vasil'yevna Ryazanova ◽  
Natal'ya Yur'yevna Demidenko ◽  
Oksana Nikolayevna Eryomenko
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Seed Stock ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Pine Sawdust ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Pure Cultures

A technology for pilot production of feed products via microbiological conversion of plant raw materials (mixed substrate of pine sawdust and vegetative part of Jerusalem artichoke) by Plerotus ostreatus PO-4.1 and Pleurotus djamor PD-3.2 strains is developed. The technology includes hydrodynamic activation of substrate at the seed stock production stage. The overall technology includes three key stages: submerged fermentation of pure cultures of production strains; submerged-solid phase fermentation of hydrodynamicly activated plant raw materials for seed stock production; solid-state fermentation of mechanically ground plant substrate for feed products production. A successful approbation of submerged-solid state fermentation of production strains on media containing 3% of hydrodynamicly activated raw materials allowed for obtaining seed stock with 14.5 g/l yield of submerged mycelium biomass fully adopted for this type of substrate. Further use of this seed stock biomass at the solid state fermentation stage makes the overall process duration three times shorter compared to existing technologies for direct wood waste bioconversion. The pilot plant results show valuable practicability of plant raw material hydrodynamic activation with the purpose of enhancing its bioaccessibility with consequent increase in degree of microbiological conversion. The product of bioconversion contains 14–16% of protein, biofiber, vitamins and minerals and could be considered for successful use as feed by agricultural enterprises.

scholarly journals THE STUDY OF THE FLAVONOIDS AND ANTIDEPRESSANT ACTIVITY OF THE LEAVES AND LIQUID EX-TRACT OF CRATAEGUS SUBMOLLIS

2018 ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Владимир (Vladimir) Александрович (Aleksandrovich) Куркин (Kurkin) ◽  
Елена (Elena) Николаевна (Nikolayevna) Зайцева (Zaitseva) ◽  
Татьяна (Tat'yana) Владимировна (Vladimirovna) Морозова (Morozova) ◽  
Ольга (Ol'ga) Евгеньевна (Evgen'evna) Правдивцева (Pravdivtseva) ◽  
Елена (Elena) Владимировна (Vladimirovna) Авдеева (Avdeeva) ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Optimum Extraction ◽  
Additional Point

Nowadays flowers and fruits of various types of hawthorn are widely used as cardiotonic drugs in Russian Federation. In our opinion a promising species for harvesting raw materials is Quebec hawthorn (Crataegus submollis Sarg., Rosaceae). Quebec hawthorn is successfully cultivated on the territory of the Russian Federation and is characterized by rapid growth and high yield in comparison with wild species. An additional point is that one of the possible types of raw materials are hawthorn leaves widely used abroad. Quebec hawthorn leaves contain flavonoids, among which there is a hyperoside. The maximum of the absorption curve of the extract solution of Quebec hawthorn leaves with an aluminum chloride solution of 412 nm. We have developed a quantification method for determination the total flavonoids in the Quebec hawthorn leaves calculated as hyperoside. It was established that the optimum extraction solvent for this raw material is 70% ethanol. The level of content and dynamics of accumulation of the total flavonoids in the Quebec hawthorn leaves during the growing season of 2017 was studied. The maximum content of total flavonoids in the Quebec hawthorn leaves (3.12 ± 0.05% calculated on hyperoside) is observed in May, during plant flowering. The liquid extract based on Quebec hawthorn leaves possesses moderate antidepressant activity. For this reason, leaves of Quebec hawthorn leaves are promising medicinal plant raw materials.

scholarly journals Medicinal flora of the Middle Urals – a prospective source of obtaining medicines

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Turyshev ◽  
V. D. Belonogova ◽  
A. A. Orlova ◽  
K. O. Sidorov ◽  
A. Yu. Skornyakova
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
The State ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Middle Urals ◽  
The Middle Urals ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Medicinal Flora

Introduction. Medicinal plant raw materials are one of the most important sources of herbal remedies used both for the prevention and treatment of a number of diseases [1, 2]. Even with the development of modern science and chemistry, medicinal plant raw materials are widely used in both folk and official medicine. The advantage of medicinal plants is their wide range of biological activity, low toxicity and the possibility of long-term use without significant side effects. Human economic activity has a noticeable negative effect on the condition of wild-growing plants: their stocks are decreasing, and some species disappear altogether. Today, given the high level of development of industry and agriculture, the procurement of raw materials for wild medicinal plants is not always possible. Information on the quantitative assessment of the raw material base of wild medicinal plants in the Middle Urals, the content of biologically active substances in medicinal plant raw materials is partially outdated, which determines the need for their systemic resource study and chemical-pharmacognostic study.Aim. Comprehensive assessment of the state of populations of wild medicinal plants in the Middle Urals.Materials and methods. Determination of stocks of raw materials of the studied species of medicinal plants was carried out on specific thickets according to the generally accepted method. The authenticity of the raw materials was established by a macroscopic method when collecting raw material samples. In the course of the study, samples of medicinal plant materials of 5 types were prepared. The determination and assessment of the main indicators of the good quality of medicinal plant raw materials (the content of active and extractive substances, moisture in the mass upon drying, total ash and ash insoluble in a 10% solution of hydrochloric acid) was carried out according to the methods and requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation XIV edition. In the raw materials Artemisiae absinthii herba and Leonuri herba, the amount of extractives was determined by the gravimetric method. The quantitative assessment of the content of essential oil in the samples of Origani vulgaris herba and Tanaceti vulgaris flores was carried out by the method of hydrodistillation. To determine the quantitative content of the sum of flavonoids in Hyperici herba, Artemisiae absinthii herba, Leonuri herba and the sum of flavonoids and phenolcarboxylic acids in Tanaceti vulgaris flores, a spectrophotometric method was used.Results and discussion. In the course of resource and phytochemical studies of representatives of the medicinal flora of the Middle Urals, a comprehensive assessment of the state of populations of wild medicinal plants – sources of medicinal plant raw materials (Origani vulgaris herba, Hyperici herba, Tanaceti vulgaris flores, Artemisiae absinthii herba and Leonuri herba) was carried out. The results are included in the electronic inventory of wild medicinal plants of the Middle Urals.Conclusion. The conducted complex of studies will allow updating information about the medicinal flora of the Middle Urals in order to use raw materials for the creation of medicines.

scholarly journals QUALITY AND NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF FREEZED SEA BUCKTHORN POWDER

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
O. M. Burmistrova ◽  
E. A. Burmistrov ◽  
N. L. Naumova
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Sea Buckthorn ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Unique Trace

The use of phytopowders as food additives allows you to create highly nutritious mixtures with a pronounced taste and aroma of fresh fruits and berries. Fruit and berry powders are already used in the production of jelly, fruit drinks, drinks, juices and sauces based on domestic plant raw materials with a high proportion of biologically active substances. The most important phytonutrients of sea buckthorn fruits (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) are carotenoids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, sugars, organic and amino acids, tannins and pectin substances, phospholipids, macro- and microelements. The aim of the research was to study the quality and nutritional value of freezedried sea buckthorn powder. Sublimated sea buckthorn was the object of study (TU 10.39.25-007-0111115841-2018) manufactured by IP A.N. Mazurina (Russia, Kaluga region, Borovsky district, Borovsk). The quality of packaging and labeling, as well as organoleptic characteristics, nutritional value and mineral composition of raw materials have been studied. It was determined that the marking of sublimated sea buckthorn does not comply with the regulated requirements of GOST R 51074-2003 and TR CU 022/2011. Organoleptic characteristics of phytopowder are identified as characteristic of this type of raw material. The actual protein and fat content of the test material does not correspond to the levels stated by the manufacturer. The studied raw materials are distinguished by a variety of chemical composition, namely, the content of protein, carotenoids, vitamins E and A, lipids, dietary fiber, unique trace elements – Al, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Ni, Ti, Zn.

scholarly journals Comparative study of the elemental composition in raw materials of plants of genus Geum L.

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
С. А. Козира ◽  
Т. М. Гонтова ◽  
С. І. Степанова ◽  
В. П. Гапоненко ◽  
В. В. Машталер ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Microelement Composition

Among the relevant for the modern pharmacy problems, there is a need for the rational complex use of known medicinal plants, as well as the search for new sources of natural biologically active compounds in order to expand the list of official medicinal plants and raw material base. Species of genus Geum L. contain a number of biological active substances and are promising sources of raw materials for the production of antimicrobial, astringent, anti-inflammatory, and hemostatic medicines. Pharmacological activity of these plants results from their multi-component chemical composition, including tannins, flavonoids, macro- and microelements and other compounds. The aim of thе study was to compare the elemental composition of herb and rhizomes with roots of G. urbanum L., G. aleppicum Jacq. and G. rivale L. of Ukrainian flora. The objects of the study were the samples of herb and rhizome with roots of G. urbanum L., G. aleppicum Jacq. and G. rivale L. (dried raw materials) which were collected in the Kharkiv region, Ruski Tishki village, in June-August 2018–2019. The determination of the qualitative composition and quantitative content of elements was carried out by atomic absorption spectroscopy with atomization in an air-acetylene flame using a spectrometer CAS 120 («Selmi», Sumy, Ukraine). In the studied samples, 19 elements were determined, including 5 macroelements and 14 microelements. The data about accumulation of elements in investigated herb of G. urbanum L., G. aleppicum Jacq., G. rivale L. can be arranged in descending order as follows: K > Ca > Si > Mg > P > Fe > Al > Na > Sr > Zn, and in rhizomes with roots as follows – K > Si > Ca > Mg > Fe > P > Al > Na > Sr > Zn. The content of toxic elements such as cobalt, cadmium, arsenic, and mercury was within the permissible limits for plant raw materials and food. For the first time, a comparative study of the macro- and microelement composition in herb and rhizomes with roots of G. urbanum L., G. aleppicum Jacq. and G. rivale L. has been carried out. Using the method of atomic absorption spectral analysis, 19 elements have been identified and their content has been determined, among which К, Ca, Mg, Si, P, Fe, Al, Na, Mn, Zn predominantly accumulate.

scholarly journals NEW KINDS OF WINES OF THE VERMOUTH TYPE BASED ON AROMATIC PLANT RAW MATERIALS

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
O.O. MATIEHA ◽  
I.V. BALIAN ◽  
L.TS. ZHUKOVSKA ◽  
L.V. FODOR
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Aromatic Plant ◽  
Plant Raw Materials

The article analyses about twenty cultivated and wild growing plants (lavender, mint, hyssop, fennel, etc.) as raw material bases for producing various types of flavoured wines. The varieties of wine-producing grapes that form the basis of flavoured beverages have been determined. The author suggests data on the accumulation of volatile ethers/esters in wines with added plant raw materials, as well as their optimal volume. The quality of various types of wine has been determined and the best variants have been singled out. Keywords: spices and herbs, grape flavoured wine.

scholarly journals Modelling of the process of vybromechanical activation of plant raw material hydrolysis for pectin extraction

10.5219/1305 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 239-246
Author(s):  
Igor Palamarchuk ◽  
Mikhailo Mushtruk ◽  
Vladislav Sukhenko ◽  
Vladislav Dudchenko ◽  
Lidija Korets ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Oscillatory System ◽  
Drive Shaft ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Power And Energy

Centrifugal and vibrational technological effects are among the main approaches to intensify the process of plant raw materials hydrolysis for pectin extraction. With the impulse intensification of such a process, it is possible not only to increase its efficiency, but also to achieve the compactness of the equipment, reduce the cost of electricity and improve the quality of the product of hydrolysis. The hypothesis is confirmed, according to which the vibro-centrifugal intensification of hydrolysis increases the driving force of the process by not only activating the material flows of raw materials and reagents, but also by reducing the resistance in the technological environment. Graphical and analytical dependencies of the power and energy parameters of the oscillatory system were obtained, which proved the overcoming of the flow resistance of the liquid medium in the entire speed range of the drive shaft with the potential to intensify the process at a power consumption of 2.0 – 3.0 kW and or by the force of 2.3 – 2.5 kN using the Lagrange and Cauchy methods for composing and solving the equations of motion of the moving components of the tested hydrolyser with vibrating activators, and the methods of mathematical analysis and their processing in the MathCAD. The analysis of the presented parameters of the studied process of mixing the pectin-containing mass in the hydrolyser allowed us to determine the rational mode parameters of processing, which correspond to the angular velocity of the drive shaft  rad/s at the power consumption of 500 – 600 watts.

On the Issue of Reducing the Energy Intensity of the Silicate Composites Production with the Unconventional Aluminosilicate Raw Materials Use

2019 ◽  
Vol 974 ◽  
pp. 20-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Volodchenko ◽  
Valery S. Lesovik ◽  
L.K. Zagorodnjuk ◽  
E.S. Glagolev
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Green Technologies ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Clay Rocks

The energy intensity of production of the most common wall materials in Russia is significantly higher than their foreign counterparts. The urgent task is to reduce the energy intensity of the production of building materials, to develop and introduce energy-saving nature-like technologies for the production of building materials, which corresponds to modern trends in the development of "green" technologies. It is possible to reduce the energy intensity of the production of silicate materials due to the transition from traditional raw materials to the use of unconventional aluminosilicate raw materials of various genesis, in particular, clay rocks of the unfinished stage of mineral formation. In the course of the research, the possibility of the synthesis of the new growth in the system “aluminosilicate raw material – calcium hydroxide – water” under the conditions of hydrothermal treatment was shown. Due to the high reactivity of the raw materials used, under the conditions of hydrothermal processing, the synthesis of tumors occurs not only at high pressures and temperatures, but also at temperatures up to 100 °C. This will allow to obtain efficient hollow-walled wall building materials using energy-saving technology.

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