scholarly journals Medicinal flora of the Middle Urals – a prospective source of obtaining medicines

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Turyshev ◽  
V. D. Belonogova ◽  
A. A. Orlova ◽  
K. O. Sidorov ◽  
A. Yu. Skornyakova
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
The State ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Middle Urals ◽  
The Middle Urals ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Medicinal Flora

Introduction. Medicinal plant raw materials are one of the most important sources of herbal remedies used both for the prevention and treatment of a number of diseases [1, 2]. Even with the development of modern science and chemistry, medicinal plant raw materials are widely used in both folk and official medicine. The advantage of medicinal plants is their wide range of biological activity, low toxicity and the possibility of long-term use without significant side effects. Human economic activity has a noticeable negative effect on the condition of wild-growing plants: their stocks are decreasing, and some species disappear altogether. Today, given the high level of development of industry and agriculture, the procurement of raw materials for wild medicinal plants is not always possible. Information on the quantitative assessment of the raw material base of wild medicinal plants in the Middle Urals, the content of biologically active substances in medicinal plant raw materials is partially outdated, which determines the need for their systemic resource study and chemical-pharmacognostic study.Aim. Comprehensive assessment of the state of populations of wild medicinal plants in the Middle Urals.Materials and methods. Determination of stocks of raw materials of the studied species of medicinal plants was carried out on specific thickets according to the generally accepted method. The authenticity of the raw materials was established by a macroscopic method when collecting raw material samples. In the course of the study, samples of medicinal plant materials of 5 types were prepared. The determination and assessment of the main indicators of the good quality of medicinal plant raw materials (the content of active and extractive substances, moisture in the mass upon drying, total ash and ash insoluble in a 10% solution of hydrochloric acid) was carried out according to the methods and requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation XIV edition. In the raw materials Artemisiae absinthii herba and Leonuri herba, the amount of extractives was determined by the gravimetric method. The quantitative assessment of the content of essential oil in the samples of Origani vulgaris herba and Tanaceti vulgaris flores was carried out by the method of hydrodistillation. To determine the quantitative content of the sum of flavonoids in Hyperici herba, Artemisiae absinthii herba, Leonuri herba and the sum of flavonoids and phenolcarboxylic acids in Tanaceti vulgaris flores, a spectrophotometric method was used.Results and discussion. In the course of resource and phytochemical studies of representatives of the medicinal flora of the Middle Urals, a comprehensive assessment of the state of populations of wild medicinal plants – sources of medicinal plant raw materials (Origani vulgaris herba, Hyperici herba, Tanaceti vulgaris flores, Artemisiae absinthii herba and Leonuri herba) was carried out. The results are included in the electronic inventory of wild medicinal plants of the Middle Urals.Conclusion. The conducted complex of studies will allow updating information about the medicinal flora of the Middle Urals in order to use raw materials for the creation of medicines.

TECHNOLOGY FOR OBTAINING PECTIN CONCENTRATE FROM ROSEHIP FRUITS

2021 ◽  
pp. 87-90
Author(s):  
М.Ж. Кизатова ◽  
Д.А. Абдуллаева
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Plant Raw Material ◽  
Pectin Substances

Статья посвящена важности пектиновых веществ, а также расширению сферы использования лекарственного растительного сырья. В качестве лекарственного растительного сырья представлены технологии получения пектинового экстракта из плодов шиповника, которые встречаются на территории Казахстана 25 видов. Применение пектина в медицине. The article is devoted to the importance of pectin substances, as well as to the expansion of the use of medicinal plant raw materials. As a medicinal plant raw material, technologies for obtaining pectin extract from rosehip fruits, which are found in 25 species on the territory of Kazakhstan, are presented. The use of pectin in medicine

scholarly journals DEvELopMENT of TEOHNiQuEs FoR THE DETERMiNATioN oF MoisTuRE (Loss oN DRYING) oF MEDiOiNAL PLANT RAW MATERiALS oF MoRPHoLoGiOAL group “FRUiT” by infrared thermogravimetric method

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
D. A Zhdanov ◽  
V. B Braslavsky
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
The State ◽  
Moisture Loss ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Thermogravimetric Method ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article is devoted to the development of new and perspective for the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation (SP RF) techniques for determining of the moisture (loss on drying) of medicinal plant raw materials of the morphological group “Fruit” and medicinal plant preparations by the use of infrared thermogravimetric (IRTGM) method. The techniques for determination of moisture (loss on drying) IRTGM-method as exemplified by the fruit of the following medicinal plants: Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn., Rosa cinnamomea L. and Anethum graveolens L. were developed. The comparable results for determining of the moisture (loss on drying) of the medicinal plant raw materials of investigated plants were obtained by means of two methods: IRTGM and pharmacopoeial method, which allow us to recommend the developed techniques for inclusion into the relevant monographs of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF MEDICINAL PLANTS USING GIS-TECHNOLOGIES ON THE EXAMPLE OF LISINSKY SCIENTIFIC-EXPERIMENTAL FORESTRY

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-95
Author(s):  
Никифоров ◽  
Aleksandr Nikiforov ◽  
Никифорова ◽  
Antonina Nikiforova
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Gis Technology ◽  
Stinging Nettle ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Labrador Tea ◽  
Growing Conditions

Harvesting of medicinal-plant raw materials is one of the most promising areas for Russian producers, the market of which is characterized as developing one. Research on spatial analysis and definition of biological stock of medicinal-plant raw materials is made on the example of Lisinsky scientific-experimental forestry. The following medicinal plants: lily of the valley (Convallária majalis L.), St. John's wort (Hypéricum perforátum L.), valerian (Valeriána officinális L.), wood sorrel (Óxalis acetosella L.), Labrador tea (Ledum palustre L.), stinging nettle (Urtíca dióica L.) are widespread on the territory of the forestry and have potential commercial value. Data on stocks and territorial location of the medicinal plants were obtained with the use of geoinformation technologies. Biological stocks of medicinal raw materials is defined by the regional table for average long-term yield based on the types of growing conditions, forest types and taxonomic characteristics of plants. If we consider the maximum yield of one specific type of forest, we can say that Labrador tea and stinging nettle has the greatest mass. In the result, it was determined that harvesting of medicinal plants in the territory of forestry is possible for all the considered types of medicinal plants, which will increase the volumes of harvesting and storage of valuable raw materials. Inventory information and location of medicinal plants will enable to optimize the choice of the routes for the priority procurement of raw materials. Using GIS technology the total biological stock of the types of medicinal plants in Lisinsky scientific-experimental forestry was determined. Spatial analysis allowed determining the areas with the highest yield of medicinal plants. Geographic information systems can be used as a tool for monitoring, inventory, protection and organization of the industrial harvesting of medicinal raw materials. The developed technology can be used to determine the yield of mushrooms and wild berries.

scholarly journals Comparative study of the elemental composition in raw materials of plants of genus Geum L.

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
С. А. Козира ◽  
Т. М. Гонтова ◽  
С. І. Степанова ◽  
В. П. Гапоненко ◽  
В. В. Машталер ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Microelement Composition

Among the relevant for the modern pharmacy problems, there is a need for the rational complex use of known medicinal plants, as well as the search for new sources of natural biologically active compounds in order to expand the list of official medicinal plants and raw material base. Species of genus Geum L. contain a number of biological active substances and are promising sources of raw materials for the production of antimicrobial, astringent, anti-inflammatory, and hemostatic medicines. Pharmacological activity of these plants results from their multi-component chemical composition, including tannins, flavonoids, macro- and microelements and other compounds. The aim of thе study was to compare the elemental composition of herb and rhizomes with roots of G. urbanum L., G. aleppicum Jacq. and G. rivale L. of Ukrainian flora. The objects of the study were the samples of herb and rhizome with roots of G. urbanum L., G. aleppicum Jacq. and G. rivale L. (dried raw materials) which were collected in the Kharkiv region, Ruski Tishki village, in June-August 2018–2019. The determination of the qualitative composition and quantitative content of elements was carried out by atomic absorption spectroscopy with atomization in an air-acetylene flame using a spectrometer CAS 120 («Selmi», Sumy, Ukraine). In the studied samples, 19 elements were determined, including 5 macroelements and 14 microelements. The data about accumulation of elements in investigated herb of G. urbanum L., G. aleppicum Jacq., G. rivale L. can be arranged in descending order as follows: K > Ca > Si > Mg > P > Fe > Al > Na > Sr > Zn, and in rhizomes with roots as follows – K > Si > Ca > Mg > Fe > P > Al > Na > Sr > Zn. The content of toxic elements such as cobalt, cadmium, arsenic, and mercury was within the permissible limits for plant raw materials and food. For the first time, a comparative study of the macro- and microelement composition in herb and rhizomes with roots of G. urbanum L., G. aleppicum Jacq. and G. rivale L. has been carried out. Using the method of atomic absorption spectral analysis, 19 elements have been identified and their content has been determined, among which К, Ca, Mg, Si, P, Fe, Al, Na, Mn, Zn predominantly accumulate.

scholarly journals Development of approaches to standardization of black walnut bark

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 131-136
Author(s):  
Natalya I. Zimenkina ◽  
Vladimir A. Kurkin
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Black Walnut ◽  
Juglans Nigra ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Plant Raw Material

Significance. Black Walnut (Juglans nigra L.) is a species of trees of the Walnut family (Juglandaceae). This plant of the genus Walnut (Juglans L.) has not been sufficiently studied unlike other species e.g. Juglans regia L. This medicinal plant raw material is quite perspective, its preparations have antimicrobial, general tonic effect. We can use its leaves, unripe fruit, and the bark. However they are not widely used in medicine. In order to introduce the plants of the Walnut genus to the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation (RF State Pharmacopoeia), it is necessary to conduct of pharmacognostic studies, to develop product specification file to confirm the identification and quality of medicinal plant raw materials. The aim of this study is to develop a method of quantitative determination of flavonoids in the bark of the black walnut (Juglans nigra L.). Materials and methods. Material of the study was black walnut bark, stocked during the sap flow period (April) in 2018. The bark was skived up to 15 cm long and 23 cm wide. The bark was air-dried with the protection from direct sun light. The end of the drying was checked by the brittleness of the bark. Results. The methods of the quantitative determination of flavonoids in walnut bark has been developed. We used the differential spectrophotometry taking into consideration state standard sample of rutin at the analytical wavelength of 416 nm. The error of a single determination with a confidence level of 95% is 1.20%. Conclusion. We used the developed technique and analyzed a number of samples of black walnut bark. The content of total flavonoids in the plant raw material is 5.13 0.02% (as calculated on rutin). The flavonoid content should be at least 4.0%.

scholarly journals Investigation of Walnut Herbal Drug Raw Material

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
N. V. Chebyshev ◽  
A. V. Strelyaeva ◽  
D. I. Lezhava ◽  
A. N. Luferov ◽  
N. V. Bobkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Alcohol Extract ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Active Substances

Introduction. Walnut (Juglans regia L.) is a medicinal plant containing a large number of biologically active substances. A number of authors propose to use walnut leaves as medicinal raw materials, in which juglone, flavonoids, tannins, ascorbic acid and other substances are identified. Currently, a standardization technique for this type of raw material has been developed and proposed. However, the medicinal plant walnut can be a source of other types of raw materials, such as milky-waxed walnuts, walnut bark, and walnut partitions. These types of medicinal raw materials contain a large number of biologically active substances and have a great potential for pharmacological activity. Therefore, the study with the subsequent standardization of medicinal plant material of walnut fruits in the stage of milk-wax ripeness and walnut bark is relevant.Aim. The aim of the study is to study the external signs, microscopy of raw walnut bark and walnut fruit in the stage of milky-wax ripeness and chemical composition of alcohol extract from these types of raw materials.Materials and methods. Chromato-mass spectrometry and TLC were used in the work.Results and discussion. When describing external signs and microscopy, diagnostic signs of both whole and crushed raw materials, and powder of walnut bark, and fruits of walnut in the stage of milky-wax ripeness were revealed. Alcohol extract obtained from medicinal plant raw materials walnut bark is a clear brown liquid. Alcohol extract obtained from medicinal plant raw materials of walnut fruit at the stage of milky-wax ripeness is a transparent, green-brown liquid with a fragrant odor.Conclusion. Gallic acid was identified by TLC in walnut bark. Chromato-mass spectrometry in alcohol extraction from the fruit of walnut in the stage of milky-wax maturity was able to identify 17 compounds belonging to different classes of biologically active substances. Sugars, flavonoids, coumarin phenolic compounds, organic acids were identified. In alcoholic extraction from the bark of a walnut, marker compounds have been determined, the combination of which makes it possible to quickly identify this type of raw material using chromatography-mass spectrometry. 

scholarly journals FLAVONOIDS FROM THE BUDS OF THE HORSE CHESTNUT (AESCULUS HIPPOCASTANUM L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 123-129
Author(s):  
Vladimir Aleksandrovich Kurkin ◽  
Pavel Viktorovich Belov
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Uv Spectroscopy ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Aesculus Hippocastanum ◽  
Horse Chestnut ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Type ◽  
First Time

The buds of horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L., Hippocastanaceae family) is a new promising species of medicinal plant raw material. The prospect of studying the buds of this plant is due to the content of flavonoids in them, which have a wide range of pharmacological effects. Flavonoids are interesting for their capillary-strengthening action, which allows them to be used in the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency. This fact is consistent with the practice of using drugs from other organs of horse chestnut (seeds, leaves) as venotonic and angioprotective drugs. In addition, flavonoids are also characterized by antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antifungal activity. The actuality of the study of horse chestnut buds as a new type of medicinal plant material is also supported by the need to develop of the new effective and safe drugs based on the raw materials of this plant. The aim of this study was to determine the flavonoid composition of the buds of Aesulus hippocastanum. In the course of the work from the buds of horse chestnut by the method of column chromatography on silica gel L 100/160 was for the first time there were isolated and characterized using 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, UV spectroscopy and mass spectrometry the flavonoid compounds rhamnocitrin (7-O-methylkaempferol), and accompanying 7,4′-dimethylkaempferol. The dominant and diagnostic significant flavonoid for the horse chestnut buds is rhamnocitrin. The results indicate the prospects for further study of the buds of the horse chestnut as a new type of medicinal plant raw materials.

scholarly journals Pulsatilla alba: analytical review of spread, chemical composition, biological activity and medical application

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Anna Krvavych ◽  
Nataliia Reviakina ◽  
Lesia Zhurakhivska ◽  
Iryna Hubytska ◽  
Roksolana Konechna
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Medical Application ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Plant Raw Materials

The object of analytical study is the medicinal plant Pulsatilla alba. This species is rare, the stocks of herbal raw materials are limited, and there are no Pulsatilla alba-based medicines on the Ukrainian market. The aim of study was to analyze and summarize data on the range, content of biologically active compounds and the spectrum of use in pharmacy and medicine Pulsatilla alba. Materials and methods. Literary and electronic sources of information on the distribution, chemical composition and pharmacological activity of Pulsatilla alba. Results. Pulsatilla alba is a plant of the Ranunculaceae family, characterized by a high content of biologically active organic compounds, namely organic acids, traces of alkaloids, vitamins, resinous and tannins, about 20 different macro-and micronutrients, essential oils, γ-lactones, triterpenoids, sterols, chelidonic acid, coumarins, as well as giving it protection status make it an interesting object for research. Analysis of scientific publications revealed that plants of the family Ranunculaceae, in particular, Pulsatilla alba contain a significant amount of biologically active substances, have numerous pharmacological activities, have long been used in folk medicine, and is a promising raw material for the production of phytopreparations. The volume of processing of medicinal plant raw materials in Ukraine in one year is from 5 to 6 thousand tons, the amount of raw materials for export reaches more than 3 thousand tons per year. About 1,000 tons of raw materials consumed in Ukraine are imported and 1,500 tons are domestically produced. Conclusions. Therefore, as populations of rare low-competitive species of the Ranunculaceae family are particularly endangered, displaced by tree, shrub and highly competitive trivial violent herbaceous species due to the widespread use of Pulsatilla alba in folk medicine as an antitumor, hypnotic, hypnotic, antifungal, antifungal research which should be continued

scholarly journals Development of Technology and Composition of the Medicinal Product for Oral Cavity Based on Phytosubstances

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
O. N. Abrosimova ◽  
N. S. Pivovarova ◽  
M. A. Burakova ◽  
T. S. Shebitchenko
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
The State ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Wet Masses

Introduction. Treatment and prevention of diseases of the oral mucosa is one of the priority tasks in dentistry. In practice, antibacterial agents are often used in the complex treatment of inflammatory and destructive processes. However, long-term, uncontrolled usage of such drugs leads to numerous complications: drug tolerance, weakening of the therapeutic effect, dysbiosis of the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract, etc. Therefore, at present, the question of search for alternative to antibiotic therapy remains open. As an alternative, it is necessary considering the usage of effective and safe herbal medicines that are easy to digest, less toxic, practically do not cause side effects and allergic reactions, and have a light regulating and normalizing effect.Aim. The aim of the present study is to develop the composition and technology of effervescent granules for the preparation of a solution for rinsing the oral cavity based on phytosubstances.Materials and methods. Dry extracts were obtained from medicinal plant materials: medicinal sage leaves, medicinal calendula flowers, yarrow herb, medicinal rhizomes and roots and astragalus woolly herb. Sodium carbonate, citric acid, anhydrous, microcrystalline cellulose – 90 (EMCOCEL®90M), povidone (Plasdone™ K-29/32) and calcium stearate were used as auxiliary substances in the granule technology. In laboratory conditions, granules based on phytoextracts were obtained by pressing wet masses. Numerical indicators of medicinal plant raw materials, technological properties of dry extracts and granules, as well as indicators of the quality of granules were determined according to the methods described in the State Pharmacopoeia XIV.Results and discussion. The numerical indicators of medicinal plant raw materials (grinding of raw materials and the content of impurities, total ash in medicinal plant materials and ash insoluble in hydrochloric acid, humidity, content of extractives) were determined and the good quality of the raw materials used in the subsequent stages of drug development was confirmed. Dry extracts from each type of medicinal plant raw materials have been developed and the technological properties of dry extracts have been determined. The composition and technology of effervescent granules by pressing wet masses has been developed. To improve the flowability and reduce the hygroscopicity of the granulated material, microcrystalline cellulose – 90 (EMCOCEL®90M) was used as a filler. To create an effervescent dosage form, citric acid and sodium bicarbonate were added to the granules. The mass for granulation was moistened with a 10% alcohol-water solution of Plasdone™ K-29/32. A draft specification of quality indicators for effervescent granules based on phytoextracts is proposed.Conclusion. In the course of the research work, the numerical indicators of medicinal plant raw materials were determined and its quality was confirmed, which made it possible to use it for further production of dry extracts. The extraction conditions were selected for each type of raw material, dry extracts were developed, and quality indicators were determined in accordance with the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia XIV. Excipients were selected taking into account the properties of dry extracts, the composition and technology of effervescent granules based on phytoextracts was developed, a draft specification for effervescent granules was proposed in accordance with the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia XIV.

scholarly journals IDENTIFICATION OF PERMISSIBLE AREAS OF PREPARATION OF MEDICINAL VEGETABLE RAW MATERIALS NEAR TRANSPORT LINES

2020 ◽  
pp. 179-186
Author(s):  
Nina Alekseyevna Dyakova ◽  
Aleksey Ivanovich Slivkin ◽  
Yelena Yevgen'yevna Chupandina ◽  
Sergey Petrovich Gaponov
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Vegetable Raw Materials

The purpose of the work is to study the permissible distance for the collection of medicinal plant raw materials near transport highways of different degrees of loading. The study was carried out in the Voronezh region on the example of eight different types of medicinal vegetable raw materials (Herring grass bitter, avian mountain grass, five-foot desert grass, plain thousand-year-old grass, double-ground nettle leaves, large planter leaves, common pajma flowers, core lip flowers) Collected in time of procurement along and at different distance from roads and railways of different degree of load in different natural zones, regulated by normative documentation. In the analyzed samples, the content of standardized biologically active substances, as well as heavy metals, pesticides, radionuclides, was previously estimated and full compliance with pharmacopoeia requirements was shown. In this work, the analysis was carried out on the level of ash insoluble in hydrochloric acid in the medicinal plant raw material, which makes it possible to estimate contamination of the raw material with dust particles. On the basis of the obtained data using the mathematical simulation method, the permissible distances from the transport lines, which can be recommended for the collection of safe medicinal plant raw materials, have been identified: Distance from major roads and highways loaded by road in forest natural zone conditions – at least 230 m, in forest steppe zone conditions – at least 300 m, in steppe zone conditions devoid of wood and shrub vegetation, – Not less than 660 m, near non-high-speed roads characterized by low traffic load – not less than 160 m, near railway lines – not less than 130 m. The obtained results can be recommended for safe collection of medicinal vegetable raw materials.

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