LARVAL REARING BY WORKER HONEY BEES LACKING THEIR MANDIBULAR GLANDS: I. REARING BY SMALL NUMBERS OF WORKER BEES

1977 ◽  
Vol 109 (9) ◽  
pp. 1175-1180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Shin Peng ◽  
S. C. Jay
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bees ◽  
Caste Differentiation ◽  
Larval Rearing ◽  
Mandibular Glands ◽  
Queen Cell

AbstractExperiments were done in an attempt to ascertain the significance of the mandibular glands of nurse bees in female caste differentiation. Groups of 30 or 75, 10-day-old nurse bees, with their mandibular glands removed, were caged in the laboratory. Each group was provided with female larvae in plastic queen cell cups. The treated nurse bees were able to rear a few pupae, from these larvae, which were classified as queenlike intermediates while the untreated nurse bees reared pupae or adults which were classified as queens or queenlike intermediates.

LARVAL REARING BY WORKER HONEY BEES LACKING THEIR MANDIBULAR GLANDS: II. REARING BY LARGER NUMBERS OF WORKER BEES

1979 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Shin Peng ◽  
S. C. Jay
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bees ◽  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Mandibular Gland ◽  
Caste Differentiation ◽  
Larval Rearing ◽  
Mandibular Glands ◽  
Larval Food ◽  
Mandibular Gland Secretion ◽  
Final Development ◽  
Queen Cell

AbstractFurther experiments were done in an attempt to ascertain the significance of the mandibular glands of nurse bees in female caste differentiation. Groups of 200, 10-day-old nurse bees, with their mandibular glands removed, fed female larvae for 80 h in plastic queen cell cups in the laboratory. After this, each larva finished feeding in a 4-day-old queen cell containing "royal jelly"; final development occurred in an artificial pupation dish. Because four adults, classified as "queenlike intermediates," were reared it appears that (1) mandibular gland secretion is less important as a larval food than that of the hypopharyngeal glands, and (2) if a "queen determining substance" exists the mandibular glands are not its only source.

scholarly journals Toxicity Evaluation of Selected Plant Water Extracts on a Honey Bee (Apis mellifera L.) Larvae Model

Animals ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Roksana Kruszakin ◽  
Paweł Migdal
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Larval Rearing ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Chelidonium Majus ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Study Laboratory ◽  
The Impact

So far, larval rearing in vitro has been an important method in the assessment of bee toxicology, particularly in pesticide risk assessment. However, natural products are increasingly used to control honey bee pathogens or to enhance bee immunity, but their effects on honey bee larvae are mostly unknown. In this study, laboratory studies were conducted to determine the effects of including selected aqueous plant infusions in the diet of honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) larvae in vitro. The toxicity of infusions from three different plant species considered to be medicinal plants was evaluated: tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.), greater celandine (Chelidonium majus L.), and coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). The impact of each on the survival of the larvae of honey bees was also evaluated. One-day-old larvae were fed a basal diet consisting of distilled water, sugars (glucose and fructose), yeast extract, and freeze-dried royal jelly or test diets in which distilled water was replaced by plant infusions. The proportion of the diet components was adjusted to the age of the larvae. The larvae were fed twice a day. The experiment lasted seven days. Significant statistical differences in survival rates were found between groups of larvae (exposed or not to the infusions of tansy, greater celandine, and coriander). A significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the survival rate was observed in the group with the addition of a coriander herb infusion compared to the control. These results indicate that plant extracts intended to be used in beekeeping should be tested on all development stages of honey bees.

scholarly journals Honeybee (Apis mellifera) Maternal Effect Causes Alternation of DNA Methylation Regulating Queen Development

Sociobiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 5935
Author(s):  
Xu Jiang He ◽  
Hao Wei ◽  
Wu Jun Jiang ◽  
Yi Bo Liu ◽  
Xiao Bo Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Maternal Effect ◽  
Caste Differentiation ◽  
Hippo Signaling ◽  
Thorax Length ◽  
Queen Cell ◽  
Epigenetic Analysis ◽  
Worker Caste

Queen-worker caste dimorphism is a typical trait for honeybees (Apis mellifera). We previously showed a maternal effect on caste differentiation and queen development, where queens emerged from queen-cell eggs (QE) had higher quality than queens developed from worker cell eggs (WE). In this study, newly-emerged queens were reared from QE, WE, and 2-day worker larvae (2L). The thorax size and DNA methylation levels of queens were measured. We found that queens emerging from QE had significantly larger thorax length and width than WE and 2L. Epigenetic analysis showed that QE/2L comparison had the most different methylated genes (DMGs, 612) followed by WE/2L (473), and QE/WE (371). Interestingly, a great number of DMGs (42) were in genes belonging to mTOR, MAPK, Wnt, Notch, Hedgehog, FoxO, and Hippo signaling pathways that are involved in regulating caste differentiation, reproduction and longevity. This study proved that honeybee maternal effect causes epigenetic alteration regulating caste differentiation and queen development.

scholarly journals Hypopharyngeal Gland Activity in Task-Specific Workers Under Brood and Broodless Conditions in Apis Cerana Indica (Fab.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seydur Rahman ◽  
Ibamelaker Thangkhiew ◽  
Sudhanya R. Hajong
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Larval Rearing ◽  
Hypopharyngeal Gland ◽  
Head Weight ◽  
Apis Cerana Indica ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract The hypopharyngeal gland (HPG) is the principal organ of protein synthesis in honey bees. It is involved in larval rearing. We examined the fresh head weight, HPG acini diameter, and HPG protein content in worker bees engaged in different tasks and under brood and broodless conditions. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the HPG acini diameter of worker bees was related to their task. The highest HPG volume was found in nurse bees, and the volume regressed when the task changed from guarding to foraging. The fresh head weight was positively correlated with HPG acini diameter. Although, there was no positive correlation between HPG acini diameter and protein concentration, the glandular protein concentration increased progressively in nurse bees and declined in guard and forager bees. Histochemistry revealed similar results. Despite displaying significantly larger glands, guard bee protein secretion was similar to that of the foragers. Brooding had a significant effect on HPG activity. Only worker bees from the colony with an intact brood showed elevated rates of protein synthesis; thus, it is possible that a signal was emitted by the brood, which stimulated protein synthesis in the HPG. However, the size of the HPG was similar in both brood and broodless conditions.

scholarly journals Deformed Wing Virus Infection in Honey Bees (Apis mellifera L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 636-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman V. Koziy ◽  
Sarah C. Wood ◽  
Ivanna V. Kozii ◽  
Claire Janse van Rensburg ◽  
Igor Moshynskyy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Mandibular Glands ◽  
Deformed Wing Virus ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Bee Health ◽  
Honey Bee Health ◽  
Honey Bee Workers

Deformed wing virus (DWV) is a single-stranded RNA virus of honey bees ( Apis mellifera L.) transmitted by the parasitic mite Varroa destructor. Although DWV represents a major threat to honey bee health worldwide, the pathological basis of DWV infection is not well documented. The objective of this study was to investigate clinicopathological and histological aspects of natural DWV infection in honey bee workers. Emergence of worker honey bees was observed in 5 colonies that were clinically affected with DWV and the newly emerged bees were collected for histopathology. DWV-affected bees were 2 times slower to emerge and had 30% higher mortality compared to clinically normal bees. Hypopharyngeal glands in bees with DWV were hypoplastic, with fewer intracytoplasmic secretory vesicles; cells affected by apoptosis were observed more frequently. Mandibular glands were hypoplastic and were lined by cuboidal epithelium in severely affected bees compared to tall columnar epithelium in nonaffected bees. The DWV load was on average 1.7 × 106 times higher ( P < .001) in the severely affected workers compared to aged-matched sister honey bee workers that were not affected by deformed wing disease based on gross examination. Thus, DWV infection is associated with prolonged emergence, increased mortality during emergence, and hypoplasia of hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands in newly emerged worker honey bees in addition to previously reported deformed wing abnormalities.

scholarly journals Brain transcriptomes of honey bees ( Apis mellifera ) experimentally infected by two pathogens: Black queen cell virus and Nosema ceranae

Genomics Data ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 79-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Doublet ◽  
Robert J. Paxton ◽  
Cynthia M. McDonnell ◽  
Emeric Dubois ◽  
Sabine Nidelet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Nosema Ceranae ◽  
Black Queen Cell Virus ◽  
Queen Cell

scholarly journals Feral and managed honey bees, Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae), in southern California have similar levels of viral pathogens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy C Geffre ◽  
Dillon Travis ◽  
Joshua Kohn ◽  
James Nieh
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Southern California ◽  
Multiple Stressors ◽  
Pollination Services ◽  
Viral Pathogens ◽  
Viral Pathogen ◽  
Deformed Wing Virus ◽  
Native Bee ◽  
Queen Cell

Bees provide critical pollination services but are threatened by multiple stressors, including viral pathogens. Most studies of pollinator health focus on managed honey bees (Apis mellifera Linnaeus) (MHB) or native bee species, but a third player, the feral honey bee (FHB), requires further study. Spillover and spillback of viral pathogens between these managed, feral, and native bees is generating increasing interest. In this case study, we provide evidence suggesting that FHB colonies play an important role in viral pathogen dynamics of southern California pollinator communities because they act as reservoirs, of viral pathogens such as acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV), black queen cell virus (BQCV), and deformed wing virus (DWV). Surprisingly, even though FHB are not treated for diseases or parasites, they harbor similar pathogen loads to MHB, which are usually highly treated, suggesting the need for future studies to determine if FHB resist or are more resilient to viruses.

scholarly journals Queen cells acceptance rate and royal jelly production in worker honey bees of two Apis mellifera races

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0248593
Author(s):  
Khalid Ali Khan ◽  
Hamed A. Ghramh ◽  
Zubair Ahmad ◽  
Mogbel A. A. El-Niweiri ◽  
Mohamed Elimam Ahamed Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bees ◽  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Acceptance Rate ◽  
Food Material ◽  
Entire Life ◽  
The World ◽  
Queen Cell ◽  
Larval Cell ◽  
Yellowish White ◽  
Worker Bee

Royal jelly (RJ) is an acidic yellowish-white secretion of worker honey bee glands, used as food material of worker bee larvae for the first three days and queen bee larvae for the entire life. It is commercially used in cosmetics and medicinal industry in various parts of the world. This study determined the queen cell acceptance rate and RJ production difference among Italian and Carniolan bee races. Furthermore, the effect of plastic cup cell priming media, diets and seasons were tested on the larval cell acceptance rate and RJ yield of both races. The results indicated that average queen cell acceptance rate was significantly (p<0.001) higher in Italian race (75.53 ± 1.41%) than Carniolan race (58.20 ± 1.30%). Similarly, mean RJ yield per colony significantly (p<0.001) differed between both bee races, which were 13.10 ± 0.42 g and 9.66 ± 0.43 g, in Italian and Carniolan races, respectively. Moreover, priming media, diets and seasons significantly (p<0.001) affected queen cell acceptance rate and RJ production of both bee races. This study would help breeders to select the bees with higher-level of queen cell acceptance rate and RJ production in the future.

scholarly journals Analysis of the complete genome sequence of black queen-cell virus, a picorna-like virus of honey bees

2000 ◽  
Vol 81 (8) ◽  
pp. 2111-2119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Leat ◽  
Brenda Ball ◽  
Vandana Govan ◽  
Sean Davison
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Untranslated Region ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Analysis ◽  
Black Queen Cell Virus ◽  
Queen Cell ◽  
African Honey Bees ◽  
Plautia Stali

A virus with picorna-like biophysical properties was isolated from South African honey bees. On the basis of serology, it was identified as an isolate of black queen-cell virus (BQCV). Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed an 8550 nt polyadenylated genome containing two large ORFs. The 5′-proximal ORF (ORF 1) represented 4968 nt while the 3′-proximal ORF (ORF 2) represented 2562 nt. The ORFs were separated by a 208 nt intergenic region and were flanked by a 657 nt 5′-untranslated region and a 155 nt 3′-untranslated region. Deduced amino acid sequences for ORF 1 and ORF 2 were most similar to the non-structural and structural proteins, respectively, of Drosophila C virus (DCV), Rhopalosiphum padi virus (RhPV), Himetobi P virus (HiPV) and Plautia stali intestine virus (PSIV). It is proposed that BQCV belongs to the group of picorna-like, insect-infecting RNA viruses constituted by DCV, RhPV, HiPV and PSIV.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document