scholarly journals Determinants of reversible contraceptive method discontinuation among women of reproductive age in Kano metropolis, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muktar A. Gadanya ◽  
Fatima E. Aliyu
Keyword(s):  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Discontinuation Rate ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Contraceptive Discontinuation

Contraceptive discontinuation contributes substantially to the total fertility rate, unwanted pregnancies and induced abortions thereby increasing the already high maternal morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to access contraceptive discontinuation among women of reproductive age in Kano metropolis. Using a cross-sectional study design with concurrent mixed method of data collection, 350 women were studied. Data was collected using a structured interviewer administered questionnaire, focus group discussion and key informant interview guides. Of the 350 participants, 168 of them had discontinued a method of contraception giving a total discontinuation rate was 48%, with method specific discontinuation rate of 35.1% for implants, 33.9% for injectables, 21.4% for pills, and IUD having the lowest rate (15.5%). The study also found side effects to be the most common reason why women discontinued contraception (67.1%), intention to get pregnant (59.5%), method failure (16.7%), method switch (12.0%), and husband’s disapproval (9.5%). Factors significantly associated with discontinuation at bivariate level were ethnicity, influence on method choice, type of facility where method was obtained, and the type of contraceptive method. These factors were found not to be significant at multivariate level. Contraceptive discontinuation is prevalent in Kano metropolis, meaning that women are at high risk of unintended, mistimed pregnancies, and unsafe abortions, increasing maternal morbidity and mortality. Efforts should be made to tackle the problem of discontinuation through effective educational strategies and counselling techniques.

scholarly journals MATERNAL SEPSIS;

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fehmida Parveen Memon ◽  
Majida Khan ◽  
Samya Aijaz
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Maternal Complications ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Maternal Sepsis

Objectives: To determine the thrombocytopenia as marker of maternal sepsis and its related maternal morbidity and mortality at tertiary care Hospital. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Gynaecological and Obstetrical department of Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad. Period: 6 months from March 2017 to August 2017. Material and Methods: All the pregnant females with diagnosis of sepsis were enrolled in the study. All the females with chronic hepatitis were excluded. After complete clinical examination every women underwent 5cc blood sample for complete blood picture. Thrombocytopenia was characterized as a platelet count below 150.000/mm3. Data regarding maternal mortality and maternal complications was filled in the proforma. Results: Total 120 septic mothers were included in the study, 70 patients had thrombocytopenia and 50 were with normal platelets. Most of the women 71.7% were with age groups of 20-30 years. Out of total women 65.0% were un-booked. According to the maternal morbidity, septic shock was most common 36.7%, multi-organ failure was in 08.3%, prolonged Hospital stay was in 16.7%, ICU admission occurred in 18.3% patients, while renal failure, respiratory failure, hepatic failure, coagulopathy and metabolic acidosis were found with percentage of 09.2%, 02.5%, 10.8%, 10.8% and 03.3% respectively. Mortality rate was found among 8.3% out of total cases. Almost all complications were higher among women with thrombocytopenia as compare to women with normal platelets level, while statistically p-value was quite insignificant. Mortality was significantly high among patients with thrombocytopenia p-value 0.032. Conclusion: It was concluded that thrombocytopenia is a good marker for adverse outcome among septic mothers. Maternal morbidity and mortality was higher among septic women with thrombocytopenia.

scholarly journals Patterns and determinants of modern contraceptive discontinuation among women of reproductive age: Analysis of Kenya Demographic Health Surveys, 2003–2014

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0241605
Author(s):  
Susan Ontiri ◽  
Vincent Were ◽  
Mark Kabue ◽  
Regien Biesma-Blanco ◽  
Jelle Stekelenburg
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Discontinuation Rate ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Contraceptive Discontinuation

Objectives This study aimed to examine patterns and determinants of modern contraceptive discontinuation among women in Kenya. Methods Secondary analysis was conducted using national representative Kenya Demographic and Health Surveys of 2003, 2008/9, and 2014. These household cross-sectional surveys targeted women of reproductive age from 15 to 49 years who had experienced an episode of modern contraceptive use within five years preceding the surveys from 2003 (n = 2686), 2008/9 (n = 2992), and 2014 (5919). The contraceptive discontinuation rate was defined as the number of episodes discontinued divided by the total number of episodes. Weighted descriptive statistics, multivariable logistic regression analysis, and Cox proportional hazards analysis were used to examine the determinants of contraceptive discontinuation. Results The 12-month contraceptive discontinuation rate for all methods declined from 37.5% in 2003 and 36.7% in 2008/9 to 30.5% in 2014. Consistently across the three surveys, intrauterine devices had the lowest 12-month discontinuation rate (6.4% in 2014) followed by implants (8.0%, in 2014). In 2014, higher rates were seen for pills (44.9%) and male condoms (42.9%). The determinants of contraceptive discontinuation among women of reproductive age in the 2003 survey included users of short-term contraception methods, specifically for those who used male condoms (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.30, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.13–5.11) and pills (HR = 2.68; 95CI = 1.79–4.00); and younger women aged 15–19 year (HR = 2.07; 95% CI = 1.49–2.87) and 20–24 years (HR = 1.94; 95% CI = 1.61–2.35). The trends in the most common reasons for discontinuation from 2003 to 2014 revealed an increase among those reporting side effects (p = 0.0002) and those wanting a more effective method (p<0.0001). A decrease was noted among those indicating method failure (p<0.0001) and husband disapproval (p<0.0001). Conclusions Family planning programs should focus on improving service quality to strengthen the continuation of contraceptive use among those in need. Women should be informed about potential side effects and reassured on health concerns, including being provided options for method switching. The health system should avail a wider range of contraceptive methods and ensure a constant supply of commodities for women to choose from. Short-term contraceptive method users and younger women may need greater support for continued use.

Factors Influencing Obstetric Home Delivery and Outcome Among Women of Reproductive Age in Dusmareb District, Somalia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdinasir Abdullahi Jama ◽  
Ayodele O Arowojolu ◽  
IkeOluwapo O Ajay
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Focus Group Discussion ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Home Delivery ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Health Staff ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Influencing

Abstract Background: Homebirth (home delivery) is a birth that takes place in a residence rather than in a hospital or a birth center. Aims: The aim of the study is to determine factors influencing obstetric home delivery and the outcomes among women of reproductive age in Dusmareb district, Somalia. Methods: The study was used a descriptive cross-sectional study in Dusamreb district of Somalia with both qualitative and quantitative techniques of data collections and random technique was used to select 228 women of reproductive age. Well-structured questionnaires were administered by the interviewer to participants who gave their consent and also two focus group discussion sessions were conducted with discussion guides. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0. Descriptive , and Inferential statistics were used to test association, with the level of significance set at 5%. Results: The findings of this study show that 41% have had at least one child delivery at home. The mean age of the respondents was 32.9 ± 8.1 years; 15(6.6%) had tertiary education and Women with 4 – 6 children were four times more likely to have a home delivery (OR = 3.65, p = 0.002), Women with employment were 59% less likely to have a home delivery (OR = 0.41, p = 0.009); the study also found as outcome of home delivery that 22% of the women reported their baby was not okay and have taken to hospital, while 41(73.2%) reported the child died within 28 days following delivery while 24 (42.8%), women experienced prolonged labour during their last delivery at home.in the focus group discussion the women reported that there is poor communication relationship between the mothers and health staff. Conclusion: the study is highly recommended the government to create employment for the women,also the hospital directors were recommended to monitor the relationship between the care giver and the pregnant mother.

scholarly journals Predictors of contraceptive discontinuation among postpartum women in Arusha region, Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Mahande ◽  
Ryoko Sato ◽  
Caroline Amour ◽  
Rachel Manongi ◽  
Amina Farah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unmet Need ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Lactational Amenorrhea ◽  
Contraceptive Discontinuation ◽  
Arusha Region

Abstract Background Postpartum contraceptive discontinuation refers to cessation of use following initiation after delivery within 1 year postpartum. Discontinuation of use has been associated with an increased unmet need for family planning that leads to high numbers of unwanted pregnancies, unsafe abortion or mistimed births. There is scant information about contraceptive discontinuation and its predictors among postpartum women in Tanzania. This study aimed to determine predictors of contraception discontinuation at 3, 6, 12 months postpartum among women of reproductive age in Arusha city and Meru district, Tanzania. Methods This was an analytical cross-sectional study which was conducted in two district of Arusha region (Arusha city and Meru district respectively). A multistage sampling technique was used to select 13 streets of the 3 wards in Arusha City and 2 wards in Meru District. A total of 474 women of reproductive age (WRAs) aged 16–44 years residing in the study areas were included in this analysis. Data analysis was performed using STATA version 15. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for the factors associated with contraceptives discontinuation (at 3, 6 and 12 moths) were estimated in a multivariable logistic regression model. Results Overall, discontinuation rate for all methods at 3, 6, and 12 months postpartum was 11, 19 and 29% respectively. It was higher at 12 months for Lactational amenorrhea, male condoms and injectables (76, 50.5 and 36%, respectively). Women aged 40–44 years had lower odds of contraceptive discontinuation at 3 months as compare to those aged 16 to 19 years. Implants and pills users had also lower odds of contraceptive discontinuation compared to injectable users at 3, 6 and 12 months respectively. Conclusion Lactational amenorrhea, male condoms and injectables users had the highest rates of discontinuation. Women’s age and type of method discontinued were independently associated with postpartum contraceptive discontinuation. Addressing barriers to continue contraceptive use amongst younger women and knowledge on method attributes, including possible side-effects and how to manage complications is warranted.

scholarly journals Hubungan Kadar Albumin Serum dengan Morbiditas dan Mortalitas Maternal Pasien Preeklampsia Berat dan Eklampsia di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunike Veronika ◽  
Joserizal Resudji ◽  
Susila Sastri
Keyword(s):  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Severe Preeclampsia ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Morbidity And Mortality

AbstrakPreeklampsia dan eklampsia merupakan penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas ibu dan bayi di dunia, dimana terjadi penurunan albumin serum (hipoalbuminemia) sehingga tekanan hipovolemik intravaskular berkurang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar albumin serum dengan morbiditas dan mortalitas maternal pasien preeklampsia berat dan eklampsia. Penelitian ini bersifat analitik observasional retrospektif dilakukan dengan desain cross sectional study. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh data rekam medis pasien preeklampsia berat dan eklampsia di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang periode Januari 2012 – Desember 2012. Sampel ditetapkan dengan teknik total sampling sehingga didapatkan sampel sebanyak 133 kasus. Pengolahan data dilakukan secara komputerisasi dan analisis dengan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan angka kejadian morbiditas maternal adalah 33,8%, mortalitas maternal 3,8% dan 3,8% pasien dengan hipoalbuminemia. Dari hasil analisis, tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kadar albumin serum dengan morbiditas dan mortalitas maternal pasien preeklampsia berat dan eklampsia, dimana nilai p=1 untuk hubungan kadar albumin serum dengan morbiditas maternal dan p=0,177 untuk hubungan kadar albumin serum dengan mortalitas maternal pasien preeklampsia berat dan eklampsia (p>0,05).Kata kunci: preeklampsia berat, eklampsia, albumin serum AbstractPreeclampsia and eclampsia are major causes of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality in the world, in which serum albumin decreases (hypoalbuminemia) so hypovolemic intravascular pressure will be reduced. The objective of this study was to determine the relation between serum albumin levels and maternal morbidity and mortality of severe preeclampsia and eclampsia patients. A retrospective observational analytical research was conducted with a cross sectional study design. The study population was the entire medical records of severe preeclampsia and eclampsia patients in RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang, period January 2012 – December 2012. The sample was determined by total sampling technique which obtained a sample of 133 cases. Data processing was computerized and analyzed by chi-square test. The incidence of maternal morbidity was 33.8%, maternal mortality was 3.8%, and 3.8% patients were with hypoalbuminemia. The analysis result obtained there was no significant correlation between serum albumin levels and maternal morbidity and mortality of severe preeclampsia and eclampsia patients, in which p=1 for serum albumin levels correlation with maternal morbidity and p=0.177 for serum albumin levels correlation with maternal mortality of severe preeclampsia and eclampsia patients (p>0.05).Keywords: severe preeclampsia, eclampsia, serum albumin

scholarly journals Unmet Need of Family Planning Among Married Women of Reproductive Age in Rural Areas of Manikganj District

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Abu Noman Mohammed Mosleh Uddin ◽  
Mehedi Hasan Jewel
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional

Aims: Introduction: Bangladesh has impressive gains in indicators related to population and family planning. Therefore, the unmet need for family planning should be addressed with utmost importance. Materials and Methods: A descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted at four villages of Saturia Upazilla of Manikganj district to find out unmet need of family planning among married women of reproductive age including the status of contraceptive use and obstacles toward using family planning methods. The duration of study was from November 2017 to March 2018. The sample size was 480 in number. Results: In the study, 87.5% respondents were Muslims. Regarding level of education 18.75% of the respondents was illiterate, 22.19% of the respondents completed their primary education and 31.35% passed the secondary school certificate Examination. Most of the respondents (92.92%) were housewives. Out of 480 families, 51% belongs to nuclear family. 23.13% of the respondents had income below 10,000 Tk. and about 27.50% had an income more than 20,000 Tk. Among 480 respondents, 42.06% had 2 living children and about 33.78% had a single child. 89.17% of the respondents knew about contraceptive method. OCP was the most preferred method among 57.62% respondents. 61% respondents were using contraceptive method. The reason for not using any contraceptive method were fear of side effects (28.03%), eager to conceive (13.63%), and non-co-operative attitude of the husband (7.58%). In this study 58.13% respondents had the knowledge about permanent method of contraception. Conclusion: Family planning is more of a health necessity than an option. Though family planning program has remarkable success over the past decade, but still there is unmet need. Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 10, No. 1: Jan 2019, P 23-27

scholarly journals Determinants of Contraceptive Use Among Female Undergraduates in Edox State

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tijani Idris Ahmad Oseni ◽  
Mojeed O Momoh ◽  
Christopher Chidozie Affusim
Keyword(s):  
Safety Profile ◽  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Male Partner ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
P Value ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Morbidity And Mortality

Abstract Background: Nigeria has one of the highest maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Use of modern contraceptive has been shown to significantly reduce maternal morbidity and mortality. However, contraceptive use is still low among young women in Nigeria. This study was to determine the prevalence and determinants of contraceptive use among female undergraduates in Edo State.Methods: The study was a cross sectional study. 360 female undergraduates attending Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital who met the eligibility criteria were consecutively recruited and questionnaire administered to them. The results were analysed using epi info 3.5.4 statistical software and significance level was set at p value less than 0.05.Results: The prevalence of contraceptive use among female undergraduates was found to be 28% despite 100% knowledge of contraception. Reasons for non-usage included fear of future infertility, refusal by male partner, fear of safety profile of the methods and lack of interest. Determinants of contraceptive use among the study population were older age (p = 0.02), being single (p = 0.04) and high socioeconomic status (p < 0.001).Conclusion: Contraceptive use is low among female undergraduates despite adequate knowledge due to fear of adverse effects and non-cooperation by male partner.Implication for Action: There is need for greater advocacy and education on the safety profile of modern contraception by policy makers, as well as educating men on the importance and benefits of contraception as their cooperation is key to increased usage.

scholarly journals Pattern of utilization of blood and blood components in obstetrics at a tertiary care center: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3901
Author(s):  
Alpana Jacob ◽  
Sunita Goyal ◽  
Tapasya Dhar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Obstetric Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Blood Components ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Morbidity And Mortality

Background: Blood transfusion is an essential lifesaving component in obstetrics. Extra blood loss in pregnancy can occur due to various gestational disorders and complications during labour and delivery. Reduction in maternal morbidity and mortality has been observed by increased use of comprehensive emergency obstetrics care in which blood transfusion has achieved recognition as one of the important components. In a developing country like India, the need for well maintained and readily available blood and transfusion services becomes paramount to decrease maternal morbidity and mortality. We wanted to determine the clinical characteristics and indication of blood transfusion in obstetrics and also determine any adverse blood transfusion reaction.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, Christian medical college, Ludhiana for a period of eighteen months from 15th October 2018. The study group included all the antenatal and postnatal patients up to 6 weeks postpartum who were admitted in the obstetric unit, requiring blood or component transfusions. Clinical characteristics, indication of blood transfusion and any adverse blood transfusion reaction were recorded.Results: In our study, about 7.84% of obstetric admission required blood and blood components. Most common indication for blood transfusion was anaemia either during antenatal or during postnatal period (33.91%). Majority of the patients were unbooked antenatally (63.91%) and were multiparous (93.91%). 4 or more blood transfusions were given in 28.26% of cases.Conclusions: Blood transfusion is live saving measure in many obstetric patients. Blood transfusion is an essential component of emergency obstetric care and appropriate blood transfusion significantly reduces maternal mortality. Severe anaemia is the most common condition requiring blood transfusion, which may be chronic due to nutritional deficiency or following acute blood loss, followed by postpartum haemorrhage, placental abruption and placenta previa. Availability of transfusion facility and blood products in obstetric care setting in peripheral health centres can reduce need for referral of patients and indirectly reduce the maternal morbidity and mortality.

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