Autopsy on the mummy of "Fin-Renard", Bourges (France)

2005 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Thillaud ◽  
Yves Glon ◽  
Philippe Charlier ◽  
Jean-Noel Vignal
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Petite Enfance ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Roman Antiquity

Discovered in 1908 in a lead coffin conserved in a stone sarcophagus, the mummy of the “Fin-Renard” from Bourges, central France, was immediately identified as that of a gallo-roman child. The circumstances of his death as the extraordinary conservation of his body were the object of many conclusions related to contemporaneous medicohistorical knowledge and limited by partial investigation potentiality. The preparation of the exhibition Maternité et petite enfance dans l’Antiquité Romaine” (“Maternity and childhood in Roman Antiquity”) presented at the Museum d’Histoire Naturelle at Bourges in 2003/2004 necessitated the reexamination of the body. The application of the most actual paleopathological methods and techniques permitted a more precise observation of this unique but surprising French specimen. However, after many radiographic, scannographic, fibroscopic and microscopic studies, the little mummy conserves many of its mysteries

scholarly journals Early Blood Chemistry in Britain and France

2001 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 2166-2178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noel G Coley
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Blood Chemistry ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
The Body ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Globular Structure ◽  
Humoral Pathology ◽  
Claude Bernard ◽  
Microscopic Studies

Abstract I review here key research in the early years of the field of blood chemistry. The review includes successes and limitations of animal chemistry in the critical period of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Eighteenth century medical theories emphasized the primacy of body solids. Body fluids were governed by the tenets of humoral pathology. After Boerhaave sparked interest in the chemistry of the body fluids, a new humoralism developed. With the rise of animal chemistry in the eighteenth century, two complementary ideas came into play. The concept of vital force was introduced in 1774, and the chemical composition of animal matters, including the blood, began to be investigated. In the early nineteenth century, the development of new methods of analysis encouraged such chemical studies. Prominent chemists led the field, and physicians also became involved. Physiologists were often opposed to the chemical tradition, but François Magendie recognized the importance of chemistry in physiology. Liebig linked the formation and functions of the blood to general metabolism and so extended the scope of animal chemistry from 1842. About the same time, microscopic studies led to discoveries of the globular structure of the blood, and Magendie’s famous pupil, Claude Bernard, began the animal chemistry studies that led him to new discoveries in hematology. This review addresses discoveries, controversies, and errors that relate to the foundations of clinical chemistry and hematology and describes contributions of instrumental investigators.

scholarly journals The Scope of Body Mass Index (BMI) and other body component measurements

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Németh
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
The Body ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Body Component

This paper presents and compare the scopes of the body component measurement methods and techniques currently in use. Next to the best known and widespread Adolphe Quetelet's Body Mass Index, ‘New Body Mass Index’ created by Prof. Trfethen. Moreover, it presents and compares the bioelectrical impedance analysis and the Electrical Impedance Myographs methods, too. This article aims to go through one by one the body component measurement methods, and to compare the most important feature of them, for a better understanding of their usability.

scholarly journals A NEW ELECTRON-DENSE STAIN FOR ELASTIC TISSUE

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 697-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERNEST N. ALBERT ◽  
EVERLY FLEISCHER
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Electron Density ◽  
The Body ◽  
Elastic Tissue ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Specific Staining ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Specific Affinity

Tetraphenylporphine sulfonate has been shown to have a specific affinity for elastic tissues of the body in fluorescence microscopy. However, tetraphenylporphine sulfonate does not impart electron density to this tissue and thus is not suitable for electron microscopic studies. Therefore, tetraphenylporphine sulfonate was complexed with various heavy metals in order to use it as a specific stain for elastic tissues in electron microscopy. The silver and gold metallic complexes gave the most consistent and specific staining reactions. These compounds were prepared in this laboratory. The synthesis and staining procedures are described in detail.

scholarly journals Die lyf: fasette van die erotiese en seksuele in die Romeinse Ryk

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-130
Author(s):  
PJJ Botha
Keyword(s):  
Final Section ◽  
The Body ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Ideal Body ◽  
Roman Antiquity ◽  
The Ideal ◽  
The Erotic

An introduction to aspects of the erotic and sexuality in Greco-Roman antiquity requires some understanding of how people saw their bodies. What is considered  erotic is related to the “ideal” body: sexuality manifests itself as culturally and historically determined. In this article relevant parts of the Greco-Roman cosmology is briefly discussed and concepts of the body analysed before an overview of love relations between women and men is presented. In the final section the shift in views about the body among the early Christians, is specified.

scholarly journals Eugenol Mediated Inhibition of Biofilm Formed by S. Aureus a Potent Organism for Pediatric Digestive System Diseases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
KaiHua Ni ◽  
Danlei Cai ◽  
Jianhong Lu ◽  
Jianmei Tian
Keyword(s):  
Uv Spectroscopy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ethnic Communities ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Untreated Sample ◽  
Ir Studies ◽  
Maximum Inhibition ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Ocimum Tenuiflorum ◽  
Digestive System Diseases

Abstract Ocimum tenuiflorum (KT) is a common ethno-botanical plant of the south-east Asia. The ethnic communities of these regions use the various parts of the plants specially the leaves for the treatment of various ailments like cold and flu, chronic infections and surface ailments. The leaves of these plants are consumed to act as immune boosters in the body. With this ethnical background we performed the antimicrobial and antibiofilm potential of the methanolic extract of Ocimum tenuiflorum (KT) against biofilm formed by S. aureus biofilm. The biofilm formed by S. aureus is a potent cause for the development of gastro-intestinal (GI) associated chronic infection. The extract from the KT leaf was analyzed using UV spectroscopy and HPLC to confirm the presence of the active ingredients present within the extract. The HPLC and GC-MS studies revealed the presence of eugenol and linalool in a greater proportion having the maximum drug like properties. It was observed that KT showed maximum inhibition of biofilm, protein and carbohydrate being present with the extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). Interestingly, the maximum inhibition to the quorum sensing (QS) and the genomic DNA, RNA content was reduced by eugenol and linalool in comparison to the plant extract. The studies were supported by in-silico interaction between eugenol and linalool with the QS proteins of S. aureus. The studies were further confirmed with microscopic studies SEM and FCM. The IR studies also confirmed much reduction in biofilm when treated with eugenol, linalool and KT with respect to the untreated sample.

scholarly journals NEW DIMENSIONS OF AYURVEDA IN THIS COVID-19 ERA

2020 ◽  
Vol p5 (01) ◽  
pp. 2595-2600
Author(s):  
Sandeep Singh Tiwari ◽  
Mamta Masram ◽  
Prakhar Goyal
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
The Body ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Broad Category ◽  
Prophylactic Measures ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Natural Healing

Ayurveda is the Science of healing and a mere ancient medicinal text instead. It is a way of perceiving a healthy lifestyle. It primarily focuses on improving the lifestyle which can naturally heal the body and talks of medicines lately. This natural healing is the reason that everyone is looking at it hopefully at present conditions. Out of infinite healing techniques of Ayurveda some of the best are discussed here. Study of different principles of Ayurveda with its different prophylactic as well as curative approach, which shows the predominance of Ayurveda from time immemorial till today. Ayurveda has a broad category of tech-niques which can be used as prophylactic measures. This list consists of numerous methods and techniques that can help maintaining and achieving healthy lifestyle. This technique begins with the proper daily rou-tine. A case presentation of a patient aged 43 years, an investor banker in New York, United States of America (USA), with a height of 193 cm and weighing 94.3 kg found corona positive. On the first day of falling ill contacted his Ayurvedic Vaidya in Chennai on the telephone, for a consultation and started on Ayurvedic medication for his complaints. This case proved that in these chemicals dominating era it has become a prerequisite requirement to collaborate with Ayurveda for a better and convenient lifestyle. Also mentioning different ways in which Ayurveda is helping today, with a special emphasis on the cure of covid19 patient through Ayurveda.

Liver involvement in patients with coeliac disease: proof of causality using IgA/anti-TG2 colocalisation techniques

2021 ◽  
pp. jclinpath-2020-206735
Author(s):  
Rimlee Dutta ◽  
Asif Iqbal ◽  
Prasenjit Das ◽  
Jayanth Kumar ◽  
Alka Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coeliac Disease ◽  
The Body ◽  
Liver Involvement ◽  
Sinusoidal Dilatation ◽  
Confocal Immunofluorescence ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Liver Biopsies ◽  
Duodenal Biopsies

AimsDespite clinical evidence of liver involvement in patients with coeliac disease (CeD), there is a lack of a method to prove this association.MethodsOf 146 treatment-naive patients with CeD, 26 had liver dysfunction. Liver biopsies and corresponding small intestinal biopsies were obtained from these 26 patients. Multicolour immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence confocal microscopic studies were performed on paraffin-embedded tissue to detect the IgA/anti-TG2 deposits. Follow-up liver biopsies were taken after a gluten-free diet.ResultsTwenty-six out of the 146 patients (17.8%) with suspected coeliac-associated liver disease on histological examination revealed irregular sinusoidal dilatation in 15 (57.6%), steatohepatitis in 4 (15.3%), non-specific chronic hepatitis in 3 (11.5%), autoimmune hepatitis in 2 (7.6%) biopsies, including cirrhosis in one of them, irregular perisinusoidal fibrosis and changes of non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis in one biopsy each (3.8%). IgA/anti-tTG deposits were observed in 22 (84.6%) liver biopsies by dual immunohistochemistry technique, and in 24 (92.3%) by confocal immunofluorescence technique and in all corresponding duodenal biopsies (100%). Overall, IgA/anti-tTG deposits showed 100% sensitivity, 77% specificity and 85% positive predictive value for establishing an association of extraintestinal pathology and CeD using archived tissues. Follow-up liver biopsies could be obtained in five patients; four of them showed not only resolution of the histological lesions but disappearance of IgA/anti-tTG co-localisation.ConclusionsData of the present study adds to the body of evidence that liver lesions in patients with CeD are disease related and may have been caused by a similar pathogenic mechanism that causes intestinal changes.

scholarly journals Histology and histochemistry of the reproductive potential of Acartia clausi (copepoda: calanoida)

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (S4) ◽  
pp. 91-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Morgado ◽  
S. Terdalkar ◽  
J.R. Gadelha ◽  
M.L. Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
The Body ◽  
Population Fluctuations ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Acartia Clausi ◽  
Key Species ◽  
Microscopic Studies

The seasonal fluctuations in zooplankton densities in temperate climates have been long known and the multiplicity of performed studies identified a vast number of factors responsible for these phenomena, such as changes in the physico-chemical factors and other such types of environmental forces governing them. Acartia clausi is a euryaline temperate-boreal species very common in the Portuguese coastal ecosystems, in both estuarine and coastal waters. It is usually described as a temperate water species of neritic calanoid copepod, which is associated with warmer water regions, and as a result becomes more abundant in the summer months, reaching a biomass maximum during the months of July and August. Growth and egg production have been studied extensively in some Acartia species. In the present study histology and histochemistry were selected to determine the reproductive potential of A. clausi.The ovigerous females were identified with a binocular microscope, isolated and fixed in the Bouin’s solution for histological (5 om thickness, mounting and Haematoxylin - Eosin staining) and histochemical analysis (Periodic Acid Schiff method (PAS) with Haematoxylin as a counter stain for the identification of the carbohydrate content and vitellogenic oocytes. The size of the oocytes was evaluated through measurements made with a micrometer.The microscopic studies and Image analysis indicated that, in the month of September, the majority of the oocytes were immature and had reduced or almost negligible carbohydrate contents with very few vitellogenic oocytes (Figure 1 A and B), while the specimens from the month of March exhibited a large difference in the oocyte dimensions. These were mature and more vitellogenic and occupied almost half the volume of the body (Figure 1 C, D and E). This shows that, during the month of September, the environmental conditions are not favorable for the maturation of gonads in these species while in the month of March they proliferate and the species shows a high degree of reproductive potential.This work forms a valid approach in understanding the population fluctuations and reproductive status in a key species of copepod showing a particular temporal variation associated with its reproductive strategy.

scholarly journals SARCOCYSTIS IN SOME RODENTS AND BIRDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (338) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
D. U. Seksenova ◽  
B. K. Esimov ◽  
Z. A. Ibragimova
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Animal Disease ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Eating Meat ◽  
Microscopic Studies

Sarkosporidiosis is a chronic animal disease that often results in death. In animals with severe damage to the body by sarkosporidiosis, weakness, tissue depletion and hydremia are observed. Sarcocyst development occurs in muscle cells and tissues. It is known that in vivo predators become infected by eating meat from animals affected by sarcocysts. Sarcocysts secrete toxic substances, sarcocystin and sarcosporiocin, which lead to the death of animals within 5-20 hours. In chronic conditions in animals, salt deposits form around numerous sarcocysts and pronounced skeletal muscle hydremia is also observed. Sarcocystosis can be detected only after the death of animals. The corpses of animals must be examined microscopically, severely damaged corpses should be buried to a depth of 2 meters. When conducting microscopic studies of slices taken from samples of affected animal meat, a diagnosis is established. The proposed work is devoted to study the fauna and cycles of the development of micromorphology of representatives of the genus Sarcocystis of some rodents and birds. To achieve this research, an experiment was conducted with small vertebrates. The goal of our work is to identify the distribution of sarcosporidia of some species of rodents and birds, to study the morphology of the detected sarcosporidia, and their life cycle. The results of the study can be used for the epizootological characterization of sarcocystosis of rodents and birds. The study of the life cycle and specific structure is necessary for the diagnosis of species of the genus Sarcocystis. Yellow ground squirrel, house mouse and chukar can serve as a laboratory example in the study of mammalian and bird sarcocystosis. Ultrastructure materials and the life cycle of sarcosporidia can be used in studying the courses “Parasitology” and “Invertebrate Zoology”. There are 5 articles that were published on materials of this work.

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