Choroby i ich objawy w XIX-wiecznym Słowniku polsko-łacińsko-łotewskim Jana Kurmina

This article presents an analysis of the names of diseases and their symptoms in Słownik polsko-łacińsko-łotewski (The Polish-Latin-Latvian dictionary) by Jan Kurmin (ed. Vilnius, 1858). The number of excerpted lexical items (377) is presented in 11 semantic fields (from the most expanded to the smallest one): diseases of the motor system, skin diseases, respiratory system diseases, symptoms of multiple diseases, internal diseases, infectious diseases, diseases of the sensory organs, wounds and cuts, digestive system diseases, mental diseases, cardiovascular diseases. The analysis shows that despite the high ability to observe symptoms, the knowledge of treatments remained limited, which is why the dictionary presents mostly diseases that can be easily observed with the unaided eye. The non-professional character of the dictionary is also evidenced by the use of synonymous sequences, vocabulary with indistinct meaning, and descriptive names of diseases.

Responding Strategies for The Covid-19 In Digestive system Diseases Center in Wuhan and Haikou City

Since first being recorded late last year in China, Coronavirus Disease 2019(Covid-19), which is highly contagious and can trigger severe respiratory symptoms1, has spread around the world and been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. As the largest hemodialysis center in wuhan city, which was the outbreak’s epicenter,there was more than 600 patients undergoing hemodialysis therapy in our setting.The crowds with high mobility made it more difficult to prevent and control of COVID-19 cases than that in general population.Along with the end of lockdown in wuhan city,some patients recovered and returned from COVID-19 designated dialysis settings,we took messuares accordingly.Now we share our experience of prevention and control for COVID-19 in a large non-designated dialysis center of WuHan city.

Investigation of Disease Spectrum and Analysis of Risk Factor for Digestive System Diseases of Chinese Army During a Field Training on The Midland of China

Objective To investigate the digestive disease spectrum of Chinese army servicemen during a field training on the midland and to analyze risk factors of diseases in order to discuss the relative prevention and treatment strategies.Methods Seven troops during a field training on the midland of China were randomly selected by using stratified cluster random sampling methods, all soldiers in that received a questionnaire survey, and then we collected all questionnaires and summarized the soldiers’ digestive system disease spectrum, and discussed risk factors for diseases.Results 3055 valid questionnaires were finally collected,896 soldiers had digestive symptoms, and of all symptoms diarrhea was the most common,whose ratio was 29.3%; 507 soldiers suffered from digestive system diseases, including gastritis, enteritis,digestive ulcer, functional bowel disease, which were more common. By the logistic regression analysis, length of military service time, identity of army officer,length of a field training time,training pressure, chilled abdomen, and defiled food were possible risk factors for digestive diseases.Conclusions During a field training, a healthy and regular diet, the thermal outfit, appropriate decompression of negative emotions and reasonable training time may effectively decrease the risk of digestive diseases, so that to reduce attrition.

Professor Du Xiaoquan’s Experience in Treating Acid Reflux

Acid regurgitation is a common symptom in digestive system diseases which is mainly caused by emotions, diet, and other factors. It is related to gastroesophageal reflux disease, chronic gastritis, and other diseases in Western medicine. According to modern medical research, acid reflux is related to Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection, weak effect of anti-reflux barrier, decreased clearance of esophageal acid, dysfunction of esophageal mucosal barrier, strong stimulation of reflux on esophageal mucosal wall, and other factors [1]. It can be divided into four types which are heat, cold, food stagnation, and yin deficiency. It is often accompanied by vomiting, heartburn, stomachache, and other symptoms. Clinically, it is a mixture of cold and heat, as well as excess and deficiency. Professor Du’s self-made method of “first soothing, second reducing, and third harmonizing” (soothing liver and stomach, relieving stomach qi, and neutralizing stomach acid) is used to treat both, symptoms and the root causes. The commonly used prescriptions are left-running metal pill, cuttlefish bone and fritillaria powder, calcined ark shell, oyster shell, etc.

Esophagomediastinal fistula due to secondary esophageal tuberculosis: report of two cases

Esophageal tuberculosis is rare among digestive system diseases. We herein present two cases of esophageal tuberculosis. One patient presented with a choking sensation and pain in the chest, and the other presented with loss of appetite and emaciation. Both patients had an esophagomediastinal fistula, underwent endoscopic ultrasonography and fine-needle aspiration, were clinically diagnosed with esophageal tuberculosis, received antituberculosis treatment, and exhibited clinical improvement. These two rare cases suggest that the possibility of esophageal tuberculosis should be considered in patients with an esophagomediastinal fistula. Endoscopic ultrasonography and fine-needle aspiration can be performed to assist the diagnosis. Good clinical results can often be achieved with timely antituberculosis treatment.

Eugenol Mediated Inhibition of Biofilm Formed by S. Aureus a Potent Organism for Pediatric Digestive System Diseases

Ocimum tenuiflorum (KT) is a common ethno-botanical plant of the south-east Asia. The ethnic communities of these regions use the various parts of the plants specially the leaves for the treatment of various ailments like cold and flu, chronic infections and surface ailments. The leaves of these plants are consumed to act as immune boosters in the body. With this ethnical background we performed the antimicrobial and antibiofilm potential of the methanolic extract of Ocimum tenuiflorum (KT) against biofilm formed by S. aureus biofilm. The biofilm formed by S. aureus is a potent cause for the development of gastro-intestinal (GI) associated chronic infection. The extract from the KT leaf was analyzed using UV spectroscopy and HPLC to confirm the presence of the active ingredients present within the extract. The HPLC and GC-MS studies revealed the presence of eugenol and linalool in a greater proportion having the maximum drug like properties. It was observed that KT showed maximum inhibition of biofilm, protein and carbohydrate being present with the extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). Interestingly, the maximum inhibition to the quorum sensing (QS) and the genomic DNA, RNA content was reduced by eugenol and linalool in comparison to the plant extract. The studies were supported by in-silico interaction between eugenol and linalool with the QS proteins of S. aureus. The studies were further confirmed with microscopic studies SEM and FCM. The IR studies also confirmed much reduction in biofilm when treated with eugenol, linalool and KT with respect to the untreated sample.

Conditional Cell Reprogramming in Modeling Digestive System Diseases

Digestive diseases have become an important source of morbidity and mortality. The considerable financial and health burdens caused by digestive diseases confirm the importance of extensive research to better understand and treat these diseases. The development of reliable preclinical models is essential for understanding the pathogenesis of digestive diseases and developing treatment and prevention methods. However, traditional established cell lines and animal models still have many limitations in the study of the digestive system. Conditional reprogramming (CR) cell culture is a newly developed primary technology that uses irradiated Swiss-3T3-J2 mouse fibroblast cells and the Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) inhibitor Y-27632 to rapidly and efficiently generate many cells from diseased and normal tissues. CR cells (CRCs) can be reprogrammed to maintain a highly proliferative state and recapitulate the histological and genomic features of the original tissue. Moreover, after removing these conditions, the phenotype was completely reversible. Therefore, CR technology may represent an ideal model to study digestive system diseases, to test drug sensitivity, to perform gene profile analysis, and to undertake xenograft research and regenerative medicine. Indeed, together with organoid cultures, CR technology has been recognized as one of the key new technologies by NIH precision oncology and also used for NCI human cancer model initiatives (HCMI) program with ATCC. In this article, we review studies that use CR technology to conduct research on diseases of the digestive system.