scholarly journals Stature estimation for personal identification using mandibular morphometric parameters in Italian population: a preliminary report

2014 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chantal Milani ◽  
Rolando Milani ◽  
Gian Luigi Panattoni
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Human Remains ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
Regression Equation ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Specific Population ◽  
Stature Estimation ◽  
Males And Females

Stature is fundamental in personal identification for forensic and physical anthropologists. When a full skeleton is not available, stature can be estimated from incomplete human remains. It is also important to apply a method to estimate the stature based on the same specific population of the remains. For this purpose, we measured 4 distances between cephalometric landmarks of the mandible and the stature in 56 subjects (both males and females) from Caucasian Italian population. The correlation between these parameters appeared to be statistically significant, so that it was possible to establish a regression equation to estimate the stature from the mandible in this population.

Incidence of supraglottic activity in males and females: a preliminary report

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila V Stager ◽  
Rebecca Neubert ◽  
Susan Miller ◽  
Joan Roddy Regnell ◽  
Steven A Bielamowicz
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Males And Females

scholarly journals Missing Value Imputation in Stature Estimation by Learning Algorithms Using Anthropometric Data: A Comparative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 5020
Author(s):  
Youngdoo Son ◽  
Wonjoon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Missing Data ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Stature Estimation ◽  
Imputation Methods

Estimating stature is essential in the process of personal identification. Because it is difficult to find human remains intact at crime scenes and disaster sites, for instance, methods are needed for estimating stature based on different body parts. For instance, the upper and lower limbs may vary depending on ancestry and sex, and it is of great importance to design adequate methodology for incorporating these in estimating stature. In addition, it is necessary to use machine learning rather than simple linear regression to improve the accuracy of stature estimation. In this study, the accuracy of statures estimated based on anthropometric data was compared using three imputation methods. In addition, by comparing the accuracy among linear and nonlinear classification methods, the best method was derived for estimating stature based on anthropometric data. For both sexes, multiple imputation was superior when the missing data ratio was low, and mean imputation performed well when the ratio was high. The support vector machine recorded the highest accuracy in all ratios of missing data. The findings of this study showed appropriate imputation methods for estimating stature with missing anthropometric data. In particular, the machine learning algorithms can be effectively used for estimating stature in humans.

scholarly journals SEXUAL DIMORPHISM IN PSEUDOPUS APODUS (REPTILIA: SAURIA: ANGUIDAE) FROM THE STEPPE CRIMEA

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Oleg V. Kukushkin ◽  
Igor V. Dovgal
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Proportions ◽  
Reliable Determination ◽  
Kerch Peninsula ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Almost All

The current paper is focused on sexual dimorphism of a giant glass lizard, or sheltopusik, Pseudopus apodus apodus (Pallas, 1775) from its northernmost populations inhabiting the Crimea. In total, 72 P. apodus individuals (45 males and 27 females) were collected at the Kerch Peninsula during 2013–2017. To estimate the variability, 13 morphometric parameters and 18 indices characterizing the head and body proportions were used. It was found that males and females differed significantly by means of almost all parameters, except the body and tail sizes. Besides that, the differences by 10 ratios characterizing head proportions were revealed as well. However, a reliable determination of the lizard sex using linear sizes and/or ratios values seems to be impossible because of the strong overlap of the variability ranges in both sexes. At the same time, the use of the canonical discriminant analysis by the complex of morphometric parameters and by ratios has shown that the males and females in both datasets are classified correctly basing on the sex with an accuracy approximating 100%. The differences in the allometric growth of males and females partially define the sexual dimorphism of P. apodus on head size and shape. A sex-related differences in the development of at least one pair of parameters (head and snout lengths) were clearly evident, since isometry was established for males, while allometry ‒ for females. Moreover, the systems of correlation between the body and head parts differ in both sexes. Thus, male characterisitics correlate significanly, while the female ones were less toughly connected, and some pairs of parameters did not correlate at all.

Morphology and Hydrodynamic Resistance in Young Swimmers

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataphoom Benjanuvatra ◽  
Brian A. Blanksby ◽  
Bruce C. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Drag Force ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Regression Equation ◽  
Hydrodynamic Resistance ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Males And Females

Six 9-, 11-, and 13-year-old, anthropometrically matched males and females were towed on the water surface via a mechanical winch at 1.3 to 2.5 ms−1 in increments of 0.3 ms−1 during a prone streamlined glide. Passive drag force of the 13-year age group was significantly larger than that of the 9-year age group at 1.9, 2.2, and 2.5 ms−1, but not at 1.3-1.6 ms−1. While anthropometry did not feature in any regression equation at any age for passive drag at velocities of 1.3 and 1.6 ms−1, body mass was the best predictor of drag at 1.9 and 2.5 ms−1.

Allometry and population structure of Nicolea uspiana (Polychaeta: Terebellidae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 877-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R.S. Garraffoni ◽  
L.Q. Yokoyama ◽  
A.C.Z. Amaral
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Size Frequency Distribution ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Size

The relative growth and population structure of the terebellid Nicolea uspiana were investigated in the intertidal zone of a rocky shore on the south-east coast of Brazil, from May 2006 to May 2007. Eight hundred and forty-seven individuals of N. uspiana were analysed: 391 males, 163 females, and 293 immatures. Although significant differences in some morphometric parameters were found, there was no sexual dimorphism between males and females. There were differences in total length, width of segment 5, and length of the notopodial region between matures and immatures. The negative allometry of the total length in relation to five other parameters showed that this feature is a good measure for estimating the individual size, which was then used in the analysis of population structure. This population of N. uspiana showed a bimodal size–frequency distribution, with immature and mature individuals found during the entire year. This pattern indicates continuous reproduction, with each cohort growing for at least three to four months and being responsible for two consecutive settlement peaks.

scholarly journals Lip print: a humanitarian forensic action

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-106
Author(s):  
Ana Cristina Mafla ◽  
Israel Biel-Portero
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
Type I ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Males And Females

Introduction: forensic science involves diverse scientific disciplines that apply their particular expertise to the legal and judicial system. However, in the last decades this science has been linked to humanitarian actions and human rights proceedings. Forensic dentistry plays a vital role in personal identification. The lip print analysis is a relatively a simple procedure used in this discipline. It consists of patterns evaluation of cracks in the elevations and depressions on the labial mucosa. The aim of this study was to determine the lip print patterns of a southern Colombian population in order to add evidence of preconditions for forensic issues as part of a humanitarian forensic action. Methods: a total of 384 participants ≥ 35 years old were included in this study. The lip prints were analyzed through Suzuki and Tsuchihashi’s classification in order to identify the predominant lip prints in males and females. Descriptive analysis was used to determine the sample characteristics and a χ2 test was performed to analyze independence according to sex variable for these categorical data. Results: the analyses showed that Type I and I’ together were the most commonly lip prints seen in this sample, followed by Type II. There were not statistical differences between males and females. Conclusions: the evaluation of lip prints is a cost-effective method, and it could be an alternative in developing countries, especially in those that address massive violations of human rights.

scholarly journals Preliminary report on human remains from Tell Masaikh (MK 15) Season 2010*

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-174
Author(s):  
Jacek Tomczyk
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Human Remains

The manuscript presents the results of anthropological work in Tell Masiakh conducted in the 2010 season. Unfortunately the 15th season of excavation was conducted only in Tell Masaikh. The second site (Terqa) was closed for the excavation. The human remains were studied in an excavation house in Tell Ashara, and some samples were prepared for further analyses in specialist laboratories (histological, radiological, and molecular examinations). In sum, the remains of 70 individuals were examined: 18 (2 males, 2 females, the sex of the rest is unknown) come from Tell Masaikh from this season, 52 were found at Tell Masaikh and Tell Ashara in the previous seasons (2008, 2009).

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