Carotid intima-media thickness and oxidative stress markers for assessment of atherosclerosis in children with β thalassemia major

The present study evaluates carotid intimamedia thickness (CIMT) in children with β thalassemia major to assess atherosclerosis and its relation to the underlying proposed causative mechanisms via lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA), oxidized lowdensity lipoproteins (LDL), total antioxidant level, and lipid profile. A cross sectional study was conducted on 62 children (31 cases and 31 controls). CIMT by high resolution ultrasound and biochemical parameters i.e., total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoproteins, LDL, Oxidized LDL, lipoprotein (a), lipid peroxidation product MDA and total antioxidant were measured in enrolled subjects and compared. In our study, CIMT was significantly increased in β thalassemia major patients’ as compared to healthy controls. Mean CIMT in cases was 0.69±0.11 mm and in controls 0.51±0.07 mm. Mean oxidized LDL (EU/mL) in cases 39.3±34.4 (range 14.4 to 160) was significantly raised (P=0.02, t test) as compared to controls 23.9±13.4 (range 12 to 70). In our study we found MDA levels (nmol/mL) to be increased in β thalassemia patients as compared to controls. Mean MDA was 10.0±3.27 (4.41 to 17.48) in cases while in controls was 6.87±4.55 (1.5 to 17.9). Our study results show CIMT as an early marker of atherogenesis in β thalassemia major. Oxidative stress markers are also increased in β thalassemia major patients and lipoprotein (a) shows a positive correlation with CIMT. The present study points towards various atherogenetic mechanisms in β thalassemia major. 本研究评价β重型地中海贫血患儿颈动脉内膜中层厚度（CIMT），以评估动脉粥样硬化，以及与潜在通过血脂过氧化反应产物丙二醛（MDA）、氧化低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、总抗氧化水平和血脂谱所提出致病机制之间的关系。在62名儿童（31例病例和31例对照）中进行了一项横断面研究。在入组受试者中通过高分辨率超声和生化指标（即总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白、LDL、氧化LDL，脂蛋白（a）、血脂过氧化产物MDA和总抗氧化剂）测量CIMT并进行比较。在我们的研究中，CIMT在β重型地中海贫血患者中比健康对照组显著增加。病例组中的平均CIMT为0.69±0.11 mm，对照组0.51±0.07 mm。病例组中平均氧化LDL（EU/mL）为39.3±34.4（从14.4到160的范围）与对照组的23.9±13.4（12至70的范围）相比显著升高（P = 0.02，t检验）。在我们的研究中，我们发现β地中海贫血患者中的MDA水平（nmol/mL）比对照组更高。病例组中的平均MDA为10.0±3.27（4.41至17.48），而对照组为6.87±4.55（1.5到17.9）。我们的研究结果表明，CIMT是β重型地中海贫血动脉粥样硬化的早期标记物。氧化应激标记物在β重型地中海贫血患者中也有增加，脂蛋白（a）显示出与CIMT呈正相关。本研究针对β重型地中海贫血中的各种动脉粥样硬化机制。

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The effects of a 6-OHDA induced lesion in murine nuccleus accumbens on memory and oxidative stress status

Open Medicine ◽

10.2478/s11536-013-0165-6 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 443-449

Author(s):

Radu Lefter ◽

Alin Ciobica ◽

Lucian Hritcu ◽

Bogdan Stoica ◽

Dumitru Cojocaru ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Antioxidant Status ◽

Total Antioxidant Status ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Maze Task ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Oxidative Stress Status ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Dopaminergic Structure

AbstractNucleus accumbens (NAcc) are a collection of neurons that form the main part of the ventral striatum, which is a significant dopaminergic structure. Also, NAcc is thought to play an important role in reward, pleasure, laughter, addiction, aggression, fear, and the placebo effect. In the present work we were interested in studying the effects of a 6-OHDA induced lesion in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc), which is known as an important dopaminergic structure, on a specific behavioral task that involves both short term and long term spatial memory (the radial-8-arm-maze task), as well as on the oxidative stress markers (two antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase-SOD and glutathione peroxidase-GPX and a lipid peroxidation marker: malondialdehyde-MDA, as well as the total antioxidant status-TAS) from the temporal lobe, which is considered to be the most vulnerable cortical area to oxygen levels fluctuations and hypoxia. Our results showed some significant effects of this lesion on the reference memory errors and time necessary to finish the test in the radial-8-arm-maze task. Additionally, increased oxidative stress status was demonstrated in the temporal lobe of the lesioned rats, as demonstrated by the high levels of lipid peroxidation and decreased total antioxidant status. Moreover, significant correlations are reported here between the behavioral parameters which we studied in the radial-8-arm-maze task and the aforementioned oxidative stress markers.

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Increased oxidative stress status in rat serum after five minutes treadmill exercise

Open Medicine ◽

10.2478/s11536-013-0329-4 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 722-728 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Florin-Petrut Trofin ◽

Alin Ciobica ◽

Dumitru Cojocaru ◽

Marin Chirazi ◽

Cezar Honceriu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Antioxidant Status ◽

Specific Activity ◽

Total Antioxidant Status ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Oxidative Stress Status ◽

Total Antioxidant

AbstractAlthough it is accepted that an important correlation exists between the physical exercise and the oxidative stress status, the data regarding the levels of the main oxidative stress markers after physical training have been difficult to interpret and a subject of many controversies. There are also very few studies regarding the effects of short-time exercise on the oxidative stress status modifications. Thus, in the present report we were interested in studying the modifications of some oxidative stress markers (two antioxidant enzymes-superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, a lipid peroxidation parameter — malondyaldehide, the total antioxidant status and protein carbonyl levels), from the serum of rats that were subject to one bout of five minutes exercise on a treadmill, when compared to a control sedentary group. In this way, we observed a decrease of superoxide dismutase specific activity in the rats which performed the exercises. Still, no modifications of glutathione peroxidase specific activity were found between groups. In addition, increased levels of malondyaldehide and protein carbonyls were observed in the rats subjected to exercises. In conclusion, our data provides new evidence regarding the increase of the oxidative stress status, as a result of a 5-minutes bout of treadmill exercising in rats, expressed through a decrease in the SOD specific activity and the total antioxidant status and also an increase of the lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation processes.

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Comparison of Salivary Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress Status in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Healthy Pregnant Women

Endocrine Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1568026620666201022151059 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

Author(s):

Fatemeh Ahmadi-Motamayel ◽

Shima Fathi ◽

Mohammad Taghi Goodarzi ◽

Shiva Borzouei ◽

Jalal Poorolajal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Total Oxidative Stress ◽

And Oxidative Stress

Background: One of the most common complications of pregnant women is gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Oxidative stress can play an important role in GDM. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate salivary antioxidants and oxidative stress markers in GDM. Method: Twenty pregnant women with GDM and 20 healthy pregnant women with normal blood glucose test participated in this study. Five mL of unstimulated saliva samples were collected. Spectrophotometric assay was carried out for sialochemical analysis. Stata software was used for data analysis. Results: The GDM group exhibited no significant difference in salivary total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde compared to the healthy control group. All of antioxidants markers, the uric acid, total antioxidant, peroxidase and catalase, decreased in GDM group that the difference of peroxidase and catalase was statistically significant. All of oxidative stress markers, the salivary malondyaldehid, total oxidative stress and total thiol, increased in GDM group. GDM group exhibited significantly higher salivary total oxidative stress levels. Conclusion: Catalase level was significantly lower and total oxidative stress was significantly higher. These two markers might have significant importance and might exhibit early changes compared to other factors in GDM. . Some of salivary antioxidants might have diagnostic, prognostic or therapeutic implications in GDM. Other studies with large sample size on salivary and blood samples need to be done to confirm this properties and salivary samples using instead of blood samples in GDM biomarkers changes.

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Association of Metabolically Healthy and Unhealthy Obesity Phenotypes with Oxidative Stress Parameters and Telomere Length in Healthy Young Adult Men. Analysis of the MAGNETIC Study

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10010093 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 93

Author(s):

Mateusz Lejawa ◽

Kamila Osadnik ◽

Tadeusz Osadnik ◽

Natalia Pawlas

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Telomere Length ◽

Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Metabolic Disturbances ◽

Total Oxidation ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Metabolic Dysregulation ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Metabolically Healthy

Obesity is a significant factor related to metabolic disturbances that can lead to metabolic syndrome (MetS). Metabolic dysregulation causes oxidative stress, which affects telomere structure. The current study aimed to evaluate the relationships between telomere length, oxidative stress and the metabolically healthy and unhealthy phenotypes in healthy young men. Ninety-eight participants were included in the study (49 healthy slim and 49 obese patients). Study participants were divided into three subgroups according to body mass index and metabolic health. Selected oxidative stress markers were measured in serum. Relative telomere length (rTL) was measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The analysis showed associations between laboratory markers, oxidative stress markers and rTL in metabolically healthy and unhealthy participants. Total oxidation status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and rTL were significantly connected with metabolically unhealthy obesity. TAC was associated with metabolically healthy obesity. Telomeres shorten in patients with metabolic dysregulation related to oxidative stress and obesity linked to MetS. Further studies among young metabolically healthy and unhealthy individuals are needed to determine the pathways related to metabolic disturbances that cause oxidative stress that leads to MetS.

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Associations between vitamin E, oxidative stress markers, total homocysteine levels, and physical activity or cognitive capacity in older adults

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-92076-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ahmad H. Alghadir ◽

Sami A. Gabr ◽

Shahnawaz Anwer ◽

Heng Li

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Nitric Oxide ◽

Older Adults ◽

Vitamin E ◽

Cognitive Capacity ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Total Homocysteine

AbstractThis study examined the associations between vitamin E, oxidative stress markers, total homocysteine levels, and physical activity or cognitive capacity in older adults. One hundred and six older adults (62 men, 44 women) within the age range of 56–81 years participated. The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire and the Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment were used to assess physical activity and cognitive function, respectively. Vitamin E (e.g., α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol), oxidative stress markers (e.g., total antioxidant capacity and nitric oxide), and total homocysteine were estimated. There were significant associations between physical activity (high versus moderate versus poor) and all biomarkers (all p = 0.000, and p = 0.010 for γ-tocopherol). While total homocysteine and total antioxidant capacity were significantly associated with cognitive capacity (p = 0.000), vitamin E levels (e.g., α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol) and nitric oxide (p = 0.354, 0.103 and 0.060, respectively) were not related to cognitive capacity in older adults. This study concludes that physical activity was associated with Vitamin E, oxidative stress markers, total homocysteine, and cognitive capacity in older adults. Although cognitive capacity was associated with total homocysteine and total antioxidant capacity, it was unrelated to vitamin E levels and nitric oxide in older adults.

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Oxidative Stress, Telomere Shortening, and Apoptosis Associated to Sarcopenia and Frailty in Patients with Multimorbidity

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm9082669 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 2669 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Máximo Bernabeu-Wittel ◽

Raquel Gómez-Díaz ◽

Álvaro González-Molina ◽

Sofía Vidal-Serrano ◽

Jesús Díez-Manglano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Telomere Length ◽

Prospective Observational Study ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Blood Leukocytes ◽

Telomere Shortening ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Total Antioxidant

Background: The presence of oxidative stress, telomere shortening, and apoptosis in polypathological patients (PP) with sarcopenia and frailty remains unknown. Methods: Multicentric prospective observational study in order to assess oxidative stress markers (catalase, glutathione reductase (GR), total antioxidant capacity to reactive oxygen species (TAC-ROS), and superoxide dismutase (SOD)), absolute telomere length (aTL), and apoptosis (DNA fragmentation) in peripheral blood samples of a hospital-based population of PP. Associations of these biomarkers to sarcopenia, frailty, functional status, and 12-month mortality were analyzed. Results: Of the 444 recruited patients, 97 (21.8%), 278 (62.6%), and 80 (18%) were sarcopenic, frail, or both, respectively. Oxidative stress markers (lower TAC-ROS and higher SOD) were significantly enhanced and aTL significantly shortened in patients with sarcopenia, frailty or both syndromes. No evidence of apoptosis was detected in blood leukocytes of any of the patients. Both oxidative stress markers (GR, p = 0.04) and telomere shortening (p = 0.001) were associated to death risk and to less survival days. Conclusions: Oxidative stress markers and telomere length were enhanced and shortened, respectively, in blood samples of polypathological patients with sarcopenia and/or frailty. Both were associated to decreased survival. They could be useful in the clinical practice to assess vulnerable populations with multimorbidity and of potential interest as therapeutic targets.

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The subchronic effects of 3,4-methylendioxymethamphetamine on oxidative stress in rat brain

Archives of Biological Sciences ◽

10.2298/abs1403075s ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 66 (3) ◽

pp. 1075-1081

Author(s):

Ivan Simic ◽

Violeta Iric-Cupic ◽

Rada Vucic ◽

Marina Petrovic ◽

Violeta Mladenovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Rat Brain ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Superoxide Radical ◽

Reduced Glutathione ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Sod Activity ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Male Wistar Rats

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the subchronic effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine on several oxidative stress markers: index of lipid peroxidation (ILP), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, superoxide radical (O2.-) levels, and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in the frontal cortex, striatum and hippocampus of the rat. The study included 64 male Wistar rats (200-250g). The animals were treated per os with of 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) every day for 15 days. The subchronic administration of MDMA resulted in an increase in ILP, SOD and O2.-, and a decrease in GSH, from which we conclude that oxidative stress was induced in rat brain.

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Abstract P081: Tempol Decreases Blood Pressure in Aged Female SHR When Treated With Acetazolamide

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/hyp.66.suppl_1.p081 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 66 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Carolina Dalmasso ◽

Rodrigo O Maranon ◽

Chetan N Patil ◽

Andrew Harris ◽

Huimin Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Young Male ◽

Sodium Reabsorption ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Distal Nephron ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Sodium Handling ◽

Lucigenin Chemiluminescence

Oxidative stress contributes to the development and maintenance of hypertension in male rodents, but studies in females have rarely shown a reduction in blood pressure (BP) with antioxidants. Tempol, a superoxide dismutase mimetic, decreases BP in young male SHR, but fails to reduce BP in either young or old female SHR, despite the fact that females have similar or higher levels of oxidative stress markers. The reason for the sex difference in the response to tempol remains unclear. Acetazolamide inhibits carbonic anhydrase in the proximal tubule thus increasing sodium delivery to the distal nephron, and thereby should increase distal oxidative stress. Acetazolamide was used to test the hypothesis that with increased sodium delivery to the distal nephron, tempol would reduce the BP in aging female SHR. Female SHR, 20-22 mos old, were divided into three groups (n=4-6/grp): Control (C), Acetazolamide (A), and Acetazolamide+Tempol (A+T). After baseline mean arterial pressure (MAP; telemetry), rats received vehicle (C) or acetazolamide (A and A+T). On day 8, rats in C and A+T groups were given tempol (30 mg/kg) for 11 days. Baseline MAP was similar (C: 170±7; A: 182±4; A+T: 172±6 mm Hg, p=NS). Tempol had no effect on MAP in C+T, but reduced MAP in A+T group (C+T: 169±1; A: 171±1; A+T: 151±5 mm Hg; p<0.005 A+T vs A, C+T). Basal renal oxidative stress measured by lucigenin chemiluminescence was not different in the groups; NADPH-stimulated oxidative stress was decreased in A+T compared to A and C+T (C+T: 641.8±72.2; A: 499.3±18.3; A+T: 406.2±56.3 RLU/mg/min; p<0.05, A+T vs A, C+T). Plasma total antioxidant capacity was increased by tempol only in A+T rats (C+T: 59.07±9.67; A: 69.01±4.66; A+T: 118.24±18.38 nmol/μl; p<0.05, A+T vs A, C+T). Thus tempol is capable of modestly reducing MAP in aging female SHR when proximal sodium reabsorption is blocked. The data suggest that oxidative stress-mediated BP control is dependent on increased sodium delivery to the distal nephron. Because hypertension in male SHR is attenuated with tempol alone, but not in females, taken together, the data suggest sex differences in sodium handling and thus localization of oxidative stress production in the kidneys of SHR. Supported by NIH-R01HL66072, PO1HL51971 (JFR), 14POST18640015 (ROM).

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Basic Studies on the Oxidative Stress Markers in Two Types of Horse Breed: Semi-isolated Population of Huculs Is Different from Commercially Used Arabian Horses

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2020/7542384 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Barbara A. Bażanów ◽

Elżbieta Chełmecka ◽

Ewa Romuk ◽

Dominika M. Stygar

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Animal Health ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Antioxidants Activity ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Basic Studies ◽

Oxidant Status

Hucul and Arabian horses differ in the physiological constitution and exposition to environmental conditions. Oxidative stress plays a pathogenic role in many diseases and enables further injuries. The objective of this study was to compare the levels of enzymatic and nonenzymatic oxidative stress markers in Hucul horses living in seminatural conditions and in commercially handled Arabian horses. We tested the serum samples for total superoxide dismutase (total SOD), Cu-Zn-superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), and Mn-dependent superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) activity; for lipofuscin (LPS), ceruloplasmin (CER) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration; and for total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidant status (TOS). Total SOD (p<0.001), MnSOD (p<0.001), and CuZnSOD (p<0.001) activities were significantly higher whereas LPS (p<0.05), TAC (p<0.001), TOS (p<0.001), and MDA (p<0.001) concentrations were significantly lower in the serum samples collected from Huculs vs. Arabian horses, regardless of the gender. Gender, regardless of the breed, had no significant impact on the antioxidants’ activity and concentration. Total SOD and MnSOD activities were significantly higher in Hucul’s mares when compared to Hucul’s stallions. Concentrations of TAC and TOS were significantly lower in Arabian stallions than in Arabian mares. Commercially handled horses expressed a higher level of oxidative stress markers in comparison to breeds living in seminatural conditions. We conclude that antioxidants are important biomarkers of animal health, whether they are under maintenance care or performing physical exercise.

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The Effect of High-Dose Insulin Analog Initiation Therapy on Lipid Peroxidation Products and Oxidative Stress Markers in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2013/513742 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Hazal Tuzcu ◽

Ibrahim Aslan ◽

Mutay Aslan

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Glucose Variability ◽

Insulin Analog ◽

High Dose ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Insulin Analogs ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Mean Blood Glucose

Effect of high-dose insulin analog initiation therapy was evaluated on lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress markers in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Twenty-four T2DM patients with HbA1c levels above 10% despite ongoing therapy with sulphonylurea and metformin were selected. Former treatment regimen was continued for the first day followed by substitution of sulphonylurea therapy with different insulin analogs. Glycemic profiles were determined over 72 hours by Continuous Glucose Monitoring System (CGMS), and blood/urine samples were collected at 24 and 72 hours. Insulin analog plus metformin treatment significantly reduced glucose variability. Plasma and urine lipid peroxidation were markedly decreased following insulin analog plus metformin treatment. No correlation existed between glucose variability and levels of plasma and urine oxidative stress markers. Likewise, changes in mean blood glucose from baseline to end point showed no significant correlation with changes in markers of oxidative stress. On the contrary, decreased levels of oxidative stress markers following treatment with insulin analogs were significantly correlated with mean blood glucose levels. In conclusion, insulin plus metformin resulted in a significant reduction in oxidative stress markers compared with oral hypoglycemic agents alone. Data from this study suggests that insulin analogs irrespective of changes in blood glucose exert inhibitory effects on free radical formation.

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