scholarly journals Attitudes of health service providers: the perspective of Persons with Disabilities in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ghana

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Badu ◽  
Maxwell P. Opoku ◽  
Seth C.Y. Appiah
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Health Service Providers ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Service Training

Introduction: Awareness of disability issues has gained considerable interest by advocacy groups in recent years. However, it is uncertain whether attitudes and perceptions of all service providers and society have adjusted accordingly towards the health care of people with disabilities. This study sought to examine the attitudes of health providers from the perspective of people with disabilities in the Kumasi Metropolis. Methods: A cross-sectional study using semi-structured questionnaires was conducted with people with disabilities (with physical, hearing and visual impairments,) in the Kumasi Metropolis. The study used a multi-stage sampling involving cluster and simple random sampling to select 255 respondents split amongst the following five clusters of communities; Oforikrom, Subin, Asewase, Tafo and Asokwa. Data were analysed using STATA 14 and presented in descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The study found that 71% of the respondents faced some form of discrimination including the use of derogatory remarks, frustration and unavailable required services on the basis of their disability, the type of services they need and the location. Women were 3.89 times more likely to face discrimination; Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 3.89 (95% confidence interval [CI]; 1.41, 10.76), and visually impaired was more likely to be discriminated at the facility compared with physical disability; AOR = 5.05 (95% CI; 1.44, 17.65). However, respondents with some educational qualification and those who stayed with their family members were less likely to face discrimination; AOR = 0.08 (95% CI; 0.01, 0.39). Conclusion: The study recommends the provision of in-service training for service providers to update their knowledge on disability issues and improve access to services for people with disabilities.

scholarly journals Effects of health decentralization, financing and governance in Mexico

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armando Arredondo ◽  
Emanuel Orozco
Keyword(s):  
Community Participation ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Health Financing ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Final Destination ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Health Service Providers

OBJECTIVE: To identify the effects of decentralization on health financing and governance policies in Mexico from the perspective of users and providers. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in four states that were selected according to geopolitical and administrative criteria. Four indicators were assessed: changes and effects on governance, financing sources and funds, the final destination of resources, and fund allocation mechanisms. Data collection was performed using in-depth interviews with health system key personnel and community leaders, consensus techniques and document analyses. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed by thematic segmentation. RESULTS: The results show different effectiveness levels for the four states regarding changes in financing policies and community participation. Effects on health financing after decentralization were identified in each state, including: greater participation of municipal and state governments in health expenditure, increased financial participation of households, greater community participation in low-income states, duality and confusion in the new mechanisms for coordination among the three government levels, absence of an accountability system, lack of human resources and technical skills to implement, monitor and evaluate changes in financing. CONCLUSIONS: In general, positive and negative effects of decentralization on health financing and governance were identified. The effects mentioned by health service providers and users were related to a diversification of financing sources, a greater margin for decisions around the use and final destination of financial resources and normative development for the use of resources. At the community level, direct financial contributions were mentioned, as well as in-kind contributions, particularly in the form of community work.

scholarly journals NUTRITIONAL STATUS AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL GOING CHILDREN LIVING IN URBAN AREA OF SINDH PAKISTAN

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-65
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faisal Qureshi ◽  
Aneeta Rathore ◽  
Nandlal Seerani ◽  
Sumera Qureshi ◽  
Bisharat Faisal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Head Of School ◽  
Multi Stage

Background: Children's health is very important for their better learning and timely nourishment everywhere in the world. Malnutrition among school going children has remained a big challenge in under developed countries. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted among 422 children of four Government Primary schools of Qasimabad, district Hyderabad after taking the proper consent and administration approval from the head of school. Multi stage simple random sampling technique was adopted. Study was approved from Institutional review board of Health Services Academy Islamabad. Results: Out of total, 217 (51.4%) were boys and 205 (48.6%) were girls. Mean Height of boys and girls were 128.09 cm (±SD 12.90) and 130.36 cm (±SD 12.50) respectively. Mean Weight of boys was 25.27 Kgs (±SD 6.17) while in girls mean Weight was 26.83 Kgs (±SD 7.03). 17.57 cm (±SD 2.34) was mean MUAC for all participants and mean BMI was 15.42 (±SD 2.02). Prevalent of stunting and wasting were 24.4% and 18.3% respectively. While in 13.7% thinness (BMI for age) was seen. Stunting was statistically significant in girls 9-10 year (p value=.015, CI: .118-.823, OR=.311) and 11-≥12 years (p value=.018, CI: .215-.874, OR=.434). Pallor was more in girls (17%) and Dental caries were higher in boys (20.8%). Insufficient breakfast was done by 347 (82.2%), whereas 75 (17.8%) were doing sufficient breakfast. 341 (80.8%) students became ill during last year, out of that 80 (19%) were having history of hospitalization. Conclusion: Poor polices and lack of food aid interventions regarding health of primary school going children was assessed during this study.

scholarly journals The misuse of antiretrovirals to boost pig and poultry productivity in Uganda and potential implications for public health

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-95
Author(s):  
Dickson Ndoboli ◽  
Fredrick Nganga ◽  
Ben Lukuyu ◽  
Barbara Wieland ◽  
Delia Grace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Antiretroviral Drugs ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
News Reports ◽  
Health Service Providers ◽  
Poultry Farmers

Background and Aim: Since 2015, local newspapers reported that pig and poultry farmers in Uganda use antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) to promote growth in animals and control diseases. This study was conducted to assess farmers' knowledge, attitude and perceptions about the use of antiretroviral drugs as boosters in pigs and poultry and the possibility of detecting the antiretroviral drugs in meat using available laboratory methods. Materials and Methods: In 2019, a cross-sectional study was conducted in ten districts in Uganda. In 20 focus group discussions with 100 pig and poultry farmers and 70 animal health service providers, we assessed the use of ARV in livestock enterprises. Subsequently, samples of chicken, pigs, and animal feeds were collected from volunteer participants, and screened for residues of saquinavir, lopinavir, nevirapine, and efavirenz using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrophotometer. Results: Participants in all ten districts were predominantly smallholder farmers supplying the local markets. All groups reported the use of ARVs in pigs and broiler birds but not in layer hens. In the absence of good quality feeds, the motivation for feeding ARVs was rapid animal weight gain, as well as the control of animal diseases, for which farmers have no alternative solutions. ARVs were obtained within the community for free, against cash, or in-kind payment. Residues of lopinavir were detected in four, and saquinavir in seven districts, and all three sample matrices. Conclusion: Our study findings confirm anecdotal news reports on ARV use in livestock. While our findings are not generalizable to the whole country, they call for a representative follow-up. As the drugs were detected in tissues destined for human consumption, the potential risk to human health warrants further investigation.

scholarly journals Assessment of immunization status among under five children in a census town of South India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 3266
Author(s):  
Bharatesh Devendra Basti ◽  
Ravi Marinayakanahalli Rajegowda ◽  
Devi Varaprasad ◽  
Janakiraman Pitchandi
Keyword(s):  
South India ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunization Status ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: Deaths among children of less than five years are preventable, mostly by vaccination. In India, the coverage still remains low, as low as 44% children between 12 to 23 months age are fully immunized. This study was intended to assess the immunization status of the children between the age group of 12-60 months, and study the possible socio demographic factors influencing it.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 16 wards of a census town, selected by Multi-stage simple random sampling, for a period of 4 months among 400 children. Data was collected from the mothers of these children, using structured questionnaire.Results: Immunization status among these children showed that 32.5% were fully immunized, 52.0% were immunisation update, 14% were partially immunized, and 0.5% was not immunized. Immunization status was highest for BCG and OPV-0 (99%) and least for Measles 2nd dose and DPT booster (52%). Inadequate knowledge about immunization was the most common reason for partial and un-immunization. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that, factors like religion (Hindus had 2.843 odds of being partially immunised than other religions), availability of Immunization card (Those without Immunisation card had 2.025 odds of being partially immunised than those with immunisation card) and place of immunization (Those immunised at private facilities had 1.441 odds of being partially immunised than those at government facilities), were found to be significantly associated with the immunization status of the child.Conclusions: Government facilities remain the main pillars of immunisation. Coordination with Anganwadi centres is the key. Tracking of the child for subsequent doses of immunisation remains a challenge. 

scholarly journals How marketing mix (7Ps) affect the patients’ selection of a hospital: experience of a low-income country

2020 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramin Ravangard ◽  
Amir Khodadad ◽  
Peivand Bastani
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Marketing Mix ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Income Country ◽  
Health Service Providers ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Background Applying marketing mix in the hospitals is necessary for their success. It is also important to optimize the price, developing services, increasing health literacy, and improving financial resources. Experts and patients may have different views about the factors that influence the decision for choosing a hospital. This study was conducted to identify the factors in the marketing mix which influence patients’ selection of hospitals in Shiraz, Iran. Methods A cross-sectional study involving patients assigned to six hospitals; three selected private and three corporate public hospitals in Shiraz in southern Iran in 2018 composed the study sample. From the inpatients and outpatients referring to these hospitals, 300 patients were included using a stratified sampling method proportional to size. Their views on the status of the selected hospitals regarding the 7Ps model of the hospital marketing mix (product, people, price, place, promotion, process, and physical environment) were assessed using a 5-point Likert scale. Data were collected by administering a validated researcher-developed questionnaire (CVI = 2.65, α = 0.929). Results Among 44 components of marketing mix according to 7Ps model, “specialty of health service providers” had the best status (mean (SD) 4.15 ± 0.82) from the patients’ viewpoints. Among the 7Ps, “physical environment” and “people” had better status respectively. In contrast, the studied hospitals had the poorest status in “promotion.” Significant relationship was revealed between the private and corporate public hospitals in terms of price, promotion, and process (P < 0.05). Pearson’s correlation revealed a direct relationship between all the components of marketing mix in the hospitals (P < 0.001). Conclusion The studied hospitals have an appropriate status in physical environment and people mix but poor status in promotion mix. It is therefore necessary for these hospitals to pay more attention to the “promotion mix” irrespective of the related costs. Moreover, as “process mix” had a high significant correlation with the other marketing mix, managers can improve their marketing services through correcting their current processes.

Challenges of Health Services during Arbaeen Pilgrimage in 2019

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Health System ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Organizational Planning

Introduction: Arbaeen Pilgrimage is one of the world’s largest religious gatherings held in Iraq on the occasion of the 40th day of Imam Hussein martyrdom. The identification of the problems and challenges facing the Arbaeen Pilgrimage is of great help in holding this event safer in the future. The present study aimed to review the challenges of health services provided to pilgrims during the Arbaeen Pilgrimage in 2019. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed within one month after the end of this event. The statistical population comprised three million applicants registered by the Hajj and Pilgrimage Organization of Iran. Out of this population, 1,200 subjects who had participated in the event were selected using simple random sampling. The needed data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire containing closed- and open-ended questions. Demographic characteristics, medical records, and subject comments were included in the questionnaire. The researchers contacted the participants and filled out the questionnaire. Results: The mean age of participants was reported as 41.2±14.1 years, and the majority of them (65.7%) were male. The cold mostly caused the need for medical services. In total, 9.5% of the participants did not receive services, and 90.9% received them from the Iranian Red Crescent Society(IRCS). According to the results, 95.4% of those who received services from the IRCS and 82.4% of those who received services from other service providers were satisfied with medical services. Conclusion: Iraq’s health system is faced with numerous challenges during the Arbaeen Pilgrimage. These challenges are multiplied due to infrastructural shortcomings in Iraq’s health system, the lack of precise planning, as well as attendees' unpreparedness and unawareness. To obtain pilgrims’ satisfaction and minimize the problems, the authorities of Iraq’s health system should participate, synergize, and provide health equipment and facilities in cooperation with organizations from other countries participating in the Arbaeen Pilgrimage. Comprehensive multi-organizational planning and intra- and extra-organizational coordination before the Arbaeen Pilgrimage and training the pilgrims are two key factors that can help the better organization of this event.

scholarly journals What rural people in Tamilnadu are doing to prevent dengue?

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 2178
Author(s):  
Satyajit Pattnaik ◽  
Kokila Selvaraj
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Protective Measure ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Almost All

Background: Traditionally dengue was perceived as an urban problem. But of late many cases are being reported from rural areas. This study was undertaken to assess the preventive measures taken by people in a rural area against dengue. Methods: This was a cross sectional study done in the rural field practice area of a private medical college in Tamilnadu. Hundred houses were selected from five villages through a multi stage simple random sampling. A pre-tested semi-structured interview schedule was used for data collection. Results: All household surveyed reported using some form of personal measures against dengue. The most common personal protective measure was use of mosquito nets (58%) followed by mosquito coils (9%). Almost all (98%) of the respondents use the PPM at night time only. Conclusions: It was found that many people are using PPMs but mostly during the daytime. This practice has to be corrected with more awareness and health education. 

scholarly journals Evaluation Of Public Awareness, Knowledge And Attitudes Towards Basic Life Support Among Non-Medical, Adult Population In Muscat City, Oman: Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Aisha Aldhakhri ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Basic Life Support ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Health Service Providers ◽  
Life Threatening

Life-threatening illnesses or injuries may occur at places where there are no health service providers, so it is imperative that laypeople are equipped with all necessary knowledge and skills to provide BLS.

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