scholarly journals The socio-economic impact of Africa’s oldest marine park

Koedoe ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Oberholzer ◽  
Melville Saayman ◽  
Andrea Saayman ◽  
Elmarie Slabbert
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Community Relations ◽  
Marine Park ◽  
Business Survey ◽  
Socio Economic Impact

South African National Parks (SANParks) plays a major role in the tourism industry and has three primary functions, namely to conserve biodiversity, to create tourism and recreational opportunities and to build strong community relations. These parks, therefore, have a definite socio-economic impact on adjacent communities, although little is known about this impact. The main aim of this study was to determine the socio-economic impact of Africa’s oldest marine park, namely Tsitsikamma National Park, which forms part of the newly created Garden Route National Park. This was done by conducting three surveys during April 2008: a visitor’s survey (156 respondents), a community survey (132 respondents) and a business survey (11 respondents). We found that the park has a positive economic impact on the surrounding area and that the community exhibits a favourable attitude towards Tsitsikamma National Park. The results also differed when compared to similar studies conducted at other national parks in South Arica and one of the main reasons for this was that the park is located in a touristic area. For a greater impact however, the park should expand its marine activities, while communication with the local community could also be improved.Conservation implications: Good community relations and ecotourism activities are important components of good conservation practices. This research indicates that tourism activities not only generated funds for conservation, but also benefited the local communities of Tsitsikamma National Park. The positive attitude of local communities makes conservation of biodiversity more sustainable.

scholarly journals The socio-economic impact of the Karoo National Park

Koedoe ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melville Saayman ◽  
Andrea Saayman ◽  
Madelien Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Business Survey ◽  
Socio Economic Impact ◽  
Tourist Survey ◽  
The Impact

National parks in South Africa are seen as major tourism assets due to the wildlife and various activities for international and local visitors. Little is known of the socio-economic contribution of these parks to their respective local economies. The purpose of this research was to determine the socio-economic impact of the Karoo National Park (Karoo NP) in South Africa, especially the economic impact of the Karoo NP on the local economy, the impact of tourism business development in the Karoo district, and how the park affects the community. Three surveys were used to determine the socio-economic impact: a community survey, a business survey and a tourist survey. The results show that the park has an impact in terms of production, income generation and employment in the area, but this impact is not as significant as that of other national parks in South Africa. A small percentage (4%) of businesses in Beaufort West owe their existence to the Karoo NP, but most rely on tourist spending. For the park to have a greater impact, it is imperative to increase accommodation capacity, offer more activities and promote activities and attractions in the region.Conservation implication: The importance of this article lies in the economic value that conservation management generates as well as identifying the benefits that communities derive from the existence of a national park. It also supports the notion that conservation entails more than just conserving fauna and flora and highlights the interdependence of conservation, tourism and community participation.

scholarly journals The socio-economic impact of the Klein Karoo National Arts Festival (KKNK)

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-86
Author(s):  
Louwrens Van der Merwe ◽  
Melville Saayman ◽  
Andrea Saayman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Host Community ◽  
Income Generation ◽  
African Context ◽  
Arts Festival ◽  
Business Survey ◽  
Socio Economic Impact ◽  
The Individual

Events and festivals are hosted with the expectation that they hold many benefits for the host communities. These benefits include employment, income generation, and increasing tourist numbers, thereby improving the quality of life of the host community. However, little is known about the socio-economic impact of arts festivals, especially in the South African context. Hence, the purpose of this article was to determine the socio-economic impact of the Klein Karoo National Arts Festival (KKNK) on the community of Oudtshoorn. This festival is the largest arts festival, both in terms of visitor numbers as well as income generation, in South Africa. In order to achieve the goal of the research, three surveys were conducted: firstly, a community survey; secondly, a business survey; and, finally, a visitor survey. The results indicate that the KKNK contributes significantly to the economy and community of Oudtshoorn. From a social point of view, however, the respondents indicated that the festival benefits the community more than the individual. To increase the positive socio-economic outcomes of the KKNK, the festival organisers have to focus on greater participation by, and communication with, all stakeholders, especially the local community.

scholarly journals The socio-economic impact of the Table Mountain National Park

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 439-458
Author(s):  
Melville Saayman ◽  
Andrea Saayman ◽  
Riaan Rossouw
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Community Survey ◽  
Social Accounting Matrix ◽  
Table Mountain ◽  
Socio Economic Impact ◽  
The One ◽  
Economic And Social Impacts

This article will determine the socio-economic impact of South Africa’s largest urban national park, and the one that attracts the most visitors. Because national parks have more functions than mere conservation, the following questions arise: “What economic and social impacts are created by such parks?” and “How do communities benefit from allocating land for conservation?” Little research on this topic has been conducted in Southern Africa, and this research therefore contributes to our knowledge. Two surveys were conducted. One focused on the communities surrounding the park and the other on visitors to the park. A Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) determined the economic value. Results showed that, although the park attracts the most visitors, it does not generate the greatest income when compared to other national parks. Results concerning the community survey revealed that the surrounding communities have very positive perceptions, although they believe the impacts to be more economic than social. Problem areas were also identified.

scholarly journals Dampak Sosial Ekonomi Pariwisata Terhadap Pedagang Souvenir Di Daya Tarik Wisata Pura Gunung Kawi Tampaksiring Gianyar

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Ni Wayan Ariyoshi Sastra Ningsih ◽  
Ida Ayu Suryasih
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Local People ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Job Opportunity ◽  
Socio Economic Impact ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Good Attitude

The tourism grows fastly and attract more villagers and local organization to develop tourism industry in order to get an income for their own region. It should give benefits for local people, government and investors. Tourism is an activity that involves the local community, and also bring impacts to them.One of the of tourism sector is socio-economic. Socio-economic impact of tourism is generally focus on the change of sales, incomes, and employments. This research has been conduct in Gunung Kawi Temple, Tampaksiring, Gianyar. This research aims to determine the socio-conomic impacts of tourism toward souvenir sellers who are part of local people. The data are collected through observation, interviews, questionnaires, and literature study. The results of this study show that tourism activities in Gunung Kawi Temple give positive impacts toward the job opportunity and a good response from the souvenir sellers. However, the tourism development also brings negative impacts toward the price of products, and it becomes cheaper. This happen because they compete to sell the similiar products. In addition, they have an unfriendly attitude to offer their products to the tourists. The managers of this tourist attraction (in this case are local people and government) should improve the design of souvenir kiosks to make it more clean and beautiful to tourists. They should give more trainingto the seller about good attitude of selling products. They also should give motivations to handicraft makers to make them keep innovate and invent new products, therefore the product will be more varieted.   Keywords: Socio-Economic Impact of Tourism, Souvenir Sellers, Gunung   Kawi Temple

scholarly journals COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT IN ECOTOURISM DEVELOPMENT AT AKETAJAWE LOLOBATA NASIONAL PARK

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hery Sigit Cahyadi ◽  
Beta Budisetyorini ◽  
Odang Permana
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
National Park ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Tourist Attraction ◽  
Know How

ABSTRAKKeterlibatan masyarakat merupakan elemen penting dalam pengembangan pariwisata, terutama di kawasan lindung. Konflik sering terjadi di dalam taman nasional karena perbedaan kepentingan. Masyarakat lokal berasumsi bahwa mereka telah hidup di taman nasional selama beberapa generasi, sementara pihak taman nasional beerasumsi bahwa mereka memiliki kewajiban untuk memiliki sumber daya di dalam taman nasional. Keberadaan taman nasional sebagai objek wisata memungkinkan mereka untuk saling bekerja sama dengan cara yang saling menguntungkan. Jadi sangat penting untuk mengetahui bagaimana keterlibatan masyarakat yang terkandung di dalam taman nasional. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dan wawancara dilakukan untuk manajemen taman nasional dan masyarakat lokal di dalam taman nasional. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana taman nasional yang melibatkan masyarakat asli di dalamnya dan bagaimana mereka berpartisipasi dalam pengembangan pariwisata di dalam taman nasional. Kata kunci: Taman Nasional Aketajawe, Keterlibatan Masyarakat  COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT IN ECOTOURISM DEVELOPMENT AT AKETAJAWE LOLOBATA NASIONAL PARK ABSTRACTCommunity involvemet is an important element in tourism development, especially in protected area. Conflicts often occur within national parks because of differences in interests. Local communities assume that they have lived in national parks for generations while national parks assume that they have the duty to have resources within the national park. The existence of a national park as a tourist attraction makes it possible for them to cooperate with each other in a mutually beneficial manner. So it is very important to know how the involvement of the community contained within the national park. This research used a qualitative research method and interview was conducted to both national park management and local community inside the park. The aim of this research are to find out how national park involving the indigenous community inside the national park and how they participated in tourism development inside the park. Keywords: Aketajawe Lolobata National Parks, Community Involvement

scholarly journals Water Quality Estimation and Population’s Attitudes: A Multi-Disciplinary Perspective of Environmental Implications in Tara National Park (Serbia)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 241
Author(s):  
Jovana Brankov ◽  
Ana Milanović Pešić ◽  
Dragana Milijašević Joksimović ◽  
Milan M. Radovanović ◽  
Marko D. Petrović
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Water Pollution Index

The paper analyzes the water quality of hydrological resources in the wider area of Tara National Park (NP Tara) in Serbia and the opinions of the local community and the national park visitors about the grade of the possible damage. The pollution level of the Drina River at the Bajina Bašta hydrological station was analyzed using the Water Pollution Index. The results showed that water quality corresponded to classes II (clean water) or III (moderately polluted water) and revealed the presence of organic pollution. In addition, using a survey combined with field research, the perceptions of local inhabitants and national park visitors related to environmental pollution were analyzed. The community believed that tourism does not cause significant damage to the environment. However, the older and more educated groups of residents and visitors had a more critical perception of the environmental impact of tourism. The results also indicated that the perceptions of visitors were mostly in agreement with measured water quality in the Drina River. The findings of this study have important implications for the management of protected areas and future policies related to national parks.

scholarly journals Assessing the Need for Ecotourism Cluster Establishment in Georgia: Ways to Increase the Country’s Competitiveness

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (31) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamar Khakhishvili
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Cluster Development ◽  
Wine Tourism ◽  
Natural Monument ◽  
Strong Cluster ◽  
Different Parts

Georgia is famous for wine, hospitality, culture, and history at the international level. Before now, tourism in Georgia was only related to wine tourism and sea resorts, but in recent years, the country is positioning itself as an emerging destination for adventurous tourism. Industry potential is not fully utilized and it has more hidden possibilities to attract more visitors. This paper focuses on assessing the need for ecotourism cluster establishment in Georgia. In fulfilling this objective, a survey was conducted. Questionnaires were distributed to ecotourism service providers of the country. 54 managers of national parks and other protected areas (Lagodekhi Protected Areas, Kazbegi National Park, Martvili Canyon Natural Monument, Borjomi-Kharagauli National Park and Machakhela National Park) were chosen for the survey. The selected respondents are the managers of the most popular ecotourism destinations among Georgian and foreign ecoturists. Due to the various locations in different parts of Georgia, it took about two weeks to conduct the survey. The results of the survey showed that ecotourism industry representatives agree on the need of cluster establishment for more development of the field. The paper also demonstrated that building promising ecotourism industry through strong cluster development is directly related to increasing the country’s competitiveness.

scholarly journals Hubungan Pengembangan Wisata dengan Strategi Nafkah dan Taraf Hidup Rumah Tangga Nelayan Desa Karimunjawa

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Luki Setyawan ◽  
Arif Satria
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Balance Of Nature ◽  
Interview Method

The purpose of this study to analyze the correlation of  tourism development with livelihood strategies and living standard of fisherman household of Karimunjawa Village. Type of attraction that developed in Indonesia is ecotourism and tourism. Tourism development are good not only focus on the balance of nature and level of the economy, but also the welfare of local communities. Fisherman are part of the local community in the implementation of coastal tourism and small islands. This study will analyze about tourism and fisher household. This research combined quantitative approach using questioner method and qualitative approach using interview method. The result of this study explained about the development of tourism had affected the livelihood strategy of fisherman household. Implementation of the strategy is not only living as part of efforts to sustain life, but also improve the standard of living of  fishermen household.Keywords: ecotourism, national park, livelihood structure-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ABSTRAKPenelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Lombok Tengah, Nusa Tenggara Barat, yang mencakup dua dusun, yaitu Dusun Sade, Desa Rembitan, Kecamatan Jonggata dan Dusun Ketangge, Desa Sukarara, Kecamatan Pujut. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk melihat struktur nafkah dan bentuk strategi nafkah rumahtangga penenun. Penelitian ini juga menganalisis pengaruh pemanfaatan lima modal nafkah terhadap resiliensi rumahtangga penenun. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif yang didukung dengan data kualitatif. Metode kuantitatif dilakukan melalui pendekatan survei dan menggunakan kuesioner. Pengumpulan data kualitatif dilakukan dengan menggunakan wawancara mendalam. Pendekatan lain yang digunakan adalah melalui observasi lapang di lokasi penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh antara modal nafkah terhadap tingkat resiliensi, serta memaparkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat resiliensi rumahtangga penenun di dua dusun. Faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat resiliensi di Dusun Sade yaitu pinjaman, tingkat alokasi tenaga kerja dan penguasaan keterampilan. Sedangkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat resiliensi rumahtangga penenun di Dusun Ketangge yaitu pinjaman, tingkat lama waktu bersekolah dan tingkat investasi barang.Kata kunci: ekowisata, taman nasional, struktur nafkah

Exploring the management and integration of national parks in Northern Ethiopia: The case of Kafta Shiraro National Park

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 010-020
Author(s):  
Samson Shimelse Jemaneh
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
National Park ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
Northern Ethiopia

The study was conducted in Kafta-Shiraro in Northern region of Ethiopia. The study uses two important parameters to realize the objective of the study investigating themanagement and integration of the park, one is studying and explaining the community perceptions towards elephant (flagship species) conservation in Kafta Shiraro National Park (KSNP) and secondly compare and contrast the population structure and density of the (economically important plant) Boswellia papyrifera (Del.) Hochst inside and outside of the protected areas and the study contribute to the scientific bases for improved management of biodiversity and its conservation system. A total of 100 households were selected from 10 villages using a stratified random sampling. A rapid vegetation assessment survey was conducted in two Boswellia stands, inside the park and outside the park at villages in order to examine the status of the resource base. A total of 40 sample plots of size 20 X 20 m were laid at regular interval along parallel transects with smaller sample plots of size 5 X 5 m nested in the center of each plot for regeneration count. The conflicts between humans and wildlife in KSNP have been getting worse over time and underline the need to find a workable solution to stop the progress of encroaching human activities that are core factors in the conflict. The underlying factors were found to be free encroachment into the wildlife home ranges, mainly for cultivation and dry wood collection. The factors that contributed to the poor conservation of African elephant included weak community awareness and understaffed anti-poaching and patrolling team of the KSNP. The improper land use by host settlers locally called “wefrizemet” as well as legal settlers maximizes the level of habitat disturbance (threat of the elephants in the park) due to illegal cultivation with high number of livestock crossing to the park. B. papyrifera population structure illustrates that natural regeneration is lacking in all two study areas. Additionally, the population of Boswellia in the study areas is unstable and under threat due to lack of recruitments through regeneration. Based on the stands structure analysis, it is hypothesized that lack of natural regeneration is primarily caused by livestock grazing pressure and the absence of recruitment is largely caused by lack of seed production by mother trees as the result of intensive tapping of the frankincense. KSNP is deteriorating due to a lack of integration and development cooperation between the Park and the surrounding local community as well as administration the minimal managerial and institutional capacity of the Park, minimal alternative livelihoods for the surrounding communities, inadequate commitment among all officials in taking the Park as an issue of development agenda, absence of legal procedures and understandings on expansion of large scale farms, unplanned and non-integrated land use systems, and a lack of appropriate outreach programs needed to change the attitudes of the surrounding communities. Collaborative Park management is urgently required to rescue KSNP; agreement should be made from National to Woreda level stakeholders.

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