scholarly journals The point prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasites in calves, sheep and goats in Magadi division, south-western Keny

2004 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.W. Maichomo ◽  
J.M. Kagira ◽  
T. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Parasite Control ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Internal Parasite ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Parasite Infections ◽  
Mcmaster Method ◽  
Semi Arid

Helminths cause great economic loss in livestock in Africa, and can be categorized as either direct or indirect losses. Arid and semi-arid lands (ASAL) in Kenya comprise 71 % of total land area and harbour the largest population of cattle, sheep and goats. However, little information on the distribution and impact of gastro-intestinal (GIT) parasitism in these animals is available. This survey was conducted to establish the prevalence of GIT parasites infecting calves, sheep and goats and their relative importance in Magadi division, which is semi-arid. Faecal samples were obtained directly from the rectum of 109 calves, 133 goats and 20 sheep and submitted to the laboratory for faecal worm egg counts, and coccidial oocysts examination using a modified McMaster method. The significance of differences in mean egg count per gram (epg) between animal species and herds (farms) were assessed using analysis of variance. The overall prevalence of nematodes in the calves, sheep and goats was 69.2 %, 80 % and 82 %, respectively. About 10 % of sheep and goats had epgs higher than 1 000, the remainder having light to moderate infections. The overall prevalence of coccidial oocysts in calves, sheep and goats was 30 %, 44 % and 45 %, respectively. Poor productivity in ASAL areas, where nutrition is often poor, is likely to be pronounced in the presence of parasite infections. These findings indicate that viable internal parasite control should be implemented in the study area in order to increase the productivity of the livestock there.

scholarly journals Zoonotic Gastrointestinal Parasites of Baboons (Papio anubis) in the Shai Hill Reserve in Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
John Asiedu Larbi ◽  
Stephen Akyeampong ◽  
Amina Abubakari ◽  
Seth Offei Addo ◽  
Dinah Okoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Papio Anubis ◽  
Concentration Technique ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Parasite Infections ◽  
Medical Importance ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Control

Several intestinal parasites of baboons are of zoonotic importance, especially where there is considerable interaction between the baboons and humans. The identification of gastrointestinal parasite infections of baboons (Papio anubis) was undertaken at the Shai Hills Reserve Resort, Ghana. A total of 51 faecal samples were collected randomly from individual baboons (51) and examined for cysts, eggs, and larvae of parasites of medical importance, using the direct saline smear and formol-ether concentration technique. The baboons were in 7 troops and were grouped into juveniles, subadults, and adults. The survey showed that 92% of the baboon samples examined were infected with at least one or more parasite(s) of medical importance. Hookworm had the highest prevalence of 38.39% followed by Ascaris lumbricoides (22.32%), whilst Diphyllobotrium latum recorded the lowest prevalence of 0.89%. Adults had the highest prevalence of A. lumbricoides (35.42%). Hookworm (47.92%) occurred most in the juveniles. This is the first report of intestinal parasitic infection in baboons within the Shai Hills Reserve. The results showed a high level of multiparasitism in the nonhuman primates, thus the need for possible interventions to maintain ecosystem health and control the infections as they may be a potential source of transmission to humans.

A Helminth Survey of Sheep and Goats in Cyprus.Part I. The Seasonal Distribution and Prevalence of Gastro-Intestinal Parasites

1973 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Le Riche ◽  
G. C. Efstathiou ◽  
J. B. Campbell ◽  
Y. Altan
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Winter Rainfall ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Spring Peak ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
First Time

889 complete alimentary tracts were examined for helminths during a two-year survey of sheep and goats in Cyprus. Faecal samples were also examined for worm eggs.The most common parasites found were Ostertagia and Trichostrongylus spp. and a list of all the parasites and their prevalence is given.Bunostomum trigonoceplialum, Parabronema skrjabini and Skrjabinema ovis were found for the first time in Cyprus.The infection rate of each of the worms was studied and the results showed that most of the worms followed the same general pattern, having a peak in the spring and another in the autumn, separated by a trough during the hot dry summer period, when the infection rate yvas low. There were variations within this pattern, Trichostrongylus spp. having a spring peak that was more pronounced than the autumn peak. The reverse occurred with Ostertagia, Chabertia and Oesophagostomum spp., which had a more pronounced autumn peak than spring peak and a lower rate of infection in the summer.Variations in the infection rate were also noted between the two years of study.The reasons for these variations are discussed and it appears that weather has some influence on the timing and duration of the peaks but that other factors must also be involved. It is suggested that with some species inhibition of development of the immature stages may occur over the hot dry period, and that these immature worms resume their development towards the end of summer.A similarity was noticed between the seasonal distribution of the different worm species in Cyprus and in the winter rainfall areas of Australia.

Comparison of the diets of goats and sheep on a Casuarina cristata - Heterodendrum oleifolium woodland community in western New South Wales

1975 ◽  
Vol 15 (72) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
AD Wilson ◽  
JH Leigh ◽  
NL Hindley ◽  
WE Mulham
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Nitrogen Contents ◽  
Stocking Rates ◽  
Semi Arid

The diets of sheep and feral goats grazing a semi-arid woodland in western New South Wales were assessed using oesophageal fistulated animals. The diet of the goats consisted largely of browse, with the leaves of Heterodendrum oleifolium (rosewood) a consistent component, although a large proportion of herbaceous material (mainly Bassia spp.) was eaten on occasions. The sheep showed a preference for the pasture species Stipa variabilis (spear grass) and Bassia spp. (copper burrs). When these plants were not available they were replaced in the diet by a higher proportion of browse, mainly of the tree Casuarina cristata (belah). Nitrogen contents of the diets ranged from 1.6 per cent to 3.0 per cent, with that of the goats generally being greater than that of the sheep. In vitro digestibility data indicated comparable values for both animal species, with lower values occurring under higher stocking pressures. The woody weed Eremophila sturtii (turpentine) was ignored by both sheep and goats at all stocking rates. Another weed shrub Cassia eremophila var. platypoda (punty) was browsed very sparingly. This indicates that the use of goats in an attempt to eliminate established stands of these species is unlikely to be successful at low to moderate stocking rates.

scholarly journals Prevalence of intestinal parasite infections in stray and farm dogs from Spain

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Regidor-Cerrillo ◽  
David Arranz-Solís ◽  
Javier Moreno-Gonzalo ◽  
Susana Pedraza-Díaz ◽  
Mercedes Gomez-Bautista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Contamination ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Intestinal Parasite ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
Stray Dogs ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Parasite Infections ◽  
Zoonotic Parasites

Abstract Dogs play a potential role as reservoirs for zoonotic parasites, being especially problematic uncontrolled dog populations such as stray and farm dogs with access to populated areas. In order to investigate the prevalence of canine intestinal parasites in at-risk dog populations, we tested a total of 233 faecal samples shed by stray and dairy farm dogs from northern Spain. Telemann method was used to detect the presence of eggs and (oo)cysts of common dog intestinal parasites and Cryptosporidium was detected by PCR. One hundred and forty eight out of 233 samples (63.5%) were positive for at least one intestinal parasite, being Ancylostomidae (35.6%; 83/233) and Trichuris (35.2%; 82/233) the parasites most frequently identified. Cryptosporidium DNA was not detected in any of the faecal samples analysed. The overall prevalence was significantly higher in stray dogs than in farm dogs (72.5% vs 58.8%). Specifically, stray dogs had a significantly higher prevalence of Ancylostomatidae, Toxocara, Toxascaris and Taenidae. These dog populations are an important source of environmental contamination with intestinal parasite forms, which could be of significance to animal and human health.

scholarly journals Infection levels of gastrointestinal parasites in sheep and goats in Papua New Guinea

2012 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Koinari ◽  
S. Karl ◽  
U. Ryan ◽  
A.J. Lymbery
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Parasite Control ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Faecal Samples

AbstractGastrointestinal parasites of livestock cause diseases of important socio-economic concern worldwide. The present study investigated the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in sheep and goats in lowland and highland regions of Papua New Guinea (PNG). Faecal samples were collected from a total of 165 small ruminants (110 sheep and 55 goats) from February to April 2011. Analysis by a modified McMaster technique revealed that 128 animals (72% of sheep and 89% of goats) were infected with one or more species of gastrointestinal parasites. The gastrointestinal parasites found and their prevalences in sheep (S) and in goats (G) were as follows: strongyle 67.3% (S), 85.5% (G); Eimeria 17.3% (S), 16.4% (G); Strongyloides, 8.2% (S), 23.6% (G); Fasciola, 5.5% (S), 18.2% (G); Trichuris, 1.8% (S), 3.6% (G); and Nematodirus, 1.8% (S), 3.6% (G). Two additional genera were found in goats: Moniezia (9.1%) and Dictocaulus (3.6%). This is the first study to quantitatively examine the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in goats in PNG. The high rates of parasitism observed in the present study are likely to be associated with poor farming management practices, including lack of pasture recovery time, lack of parasite control measures and poor-quality feed.

Genetic resistance to internal parasites in lambs

2000 ◽  
Vol 2000 ◽  
pp. 64-64
Author(s):  
K. L. Howells ◽  
B. T. Wolf ◽  
W. Haresign ◽  
R. M. Lewis ◽  
M. H. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Nematode Infection ◽  
Nematode Parasite ◽  
Contributory Factor ◽  
Parasite Control ◽  
Internal Parasite ◽  
Internal Parasites ◽  
Parasite Infections ◽  
Alternative Means

Progressive inefficacy of chemoprophylactic therapy to control gastro-intestinal (GI) nematode infection in sheep has been a major contributory factor in stimulating research into the development of alternative means of internal parasite control. This research aims to investigate the possibilities for selecting UK sheep for increased genetic resistance to naturally acquired GI nematode parasite infections.

INTESTINAL PARASITE INFECTION IN HUE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL IN 2013-2014 BY DIRECT EXAMINATION AND IMMUNOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTICS

2016 ◽  
pp. 105-111
Author(s):  
Nu Phuong Anh Ton ◽  
Thi Minh Chau Ngo
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Parasite ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Clonorchis Sinensis ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Intestinal Helminth ◽  
Direct Examination ◽  
Life Condition ◽  
Parasite Infections

Introduction: Intestinalparasite infections still are very common in tropical country such as Vietnam. Therefore evaluation of the prevalence of them should be done. Materials and methods: A crosssectional descriptivestudy were carried out to use the wet mount direct examination, Kato and ELISA technique for evaluation the rate of intestinal parasite infections, interviewed them to reveal their life’s hygenic condition, knowledge and risk behaviour of intestinal parasite infections in 640 patients attending to the in Hue University of hospital. Result: The rate of soiltransmitted intestinal helminth were lower than the foodborne infection of cestode and trematode such as: Taenia solium/saginata 3.64%, Clonorchis sinensis 2.73%. The rate of positive antibody of rare intestinal parasite were Fasciola gigantica 40.68%, E. histolytica/dispar 43.75%, Toxocara canis 32.43%, Gnasthostoma spinigerum 37.5%, Taenia solium 51.43%, Strongyloidesstercoralis 16.67%. Most of people has hygenic life condition with hygenic water available. The popular knowledge of intestinal parasite diseases of transmission, pathology, prevention and treatment were concentrate on oiltransmittedintestinal helminth.There were high rate of platyhelminths infectious behaviourssuch as: eating raw water plant 75.6%, eating raw beef 80.6%, eating raw pork 72.2%, eating raw fish 11.8%, bare foot 34.2%. Conclusions: The result of our study showed that the higher rate of foodborne cestode and trematode than soiltransmittedhelminth correspond tothe hygenic life condition, the knowledge of the diseases and risk behavior of intestinal parasites infection. Key words: Helminth, cestode, trematode

scholarly journals Parasitic contamination of urban and rural environments in the Slovak Republic: dog’s excrements as a source

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Papajová ◽  
J. Pipiková ◽  
J. Papaj ◽  
A. Čižmár
Keyword(s):  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Rural Environments ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
One Year ◽  
Trichuris Vulpis ◽  
Toxascaris Leonina

AbstractThe objective of this study was to determine the possibility of soil contamination with propagative stages of intestinal endoparasites at different public places (public parks, playgrounds, sandpits, sidewalks, road sides). In a one-year-study, totally 578 dog’s faecal samples from 8 towns (Košice, Trebišov, Veľké Kapušany, Prešov, Snina, Levoča, Zvolen and Trenčín) and 3 villages (Dlhé Stráže, Dravce, Valaliky) were examined for the presence of parasitic germs. 29.9 % of faecal samples were positive. Eight different species of intestinal parasites with following incidence were detected: Toxocara canis (11.9 %), Trichuris vulpis (8.5 %), Ancylostomatidae (8.1 %), Taenia spp. (4.0 %), Toxascaris leonina (3.1 %), Capillaria spp. (1.0 %), Dipylidium caninum (0.2 %) and Coccidia oocysts (0.2 %). Additionally 285 sandpits were examined. Sand samples were collected from Košice (136), Zvolen (38), Trenčín (36), Prešov (30), Veľké Kapušany (24), Snina (15), and village Valaliky (6). The parasitic eggs occurence in the sandpits was as follows: Toxocara spp. (11.8 %), Ancylostomatidae (1.1 %), Taenia type (0.7 %) and Trichuris spp. (0.4 %). The occurrence of Toxocara spp. varied between the urban and rural environments. The highest number of Toxocara spp. was found in village Valaliky (33.3 %) whereas cities showed lesser prevalence (Prešov — 10 %, Košice — 7.4 %, Trenčín — 5.6 %, Zvolen — 5.3 %, Veľké Kapušany — 4.2 %). The epidemiological aspects and health risk factors are also discussed.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of gastrointestinal helminths infections in Dorper sheep in a semi-arid area of Kenya

2004 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
C.J. Ng'ang'a ◽  
N. Maingi ◽  
W.K. Munyua ◽  
P.W.N. Kanyari
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Arid Area ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Weather Factors ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminths ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Dorper Sheep ◽  
Short Rains ◽  
Semi Arid

A survey on the prevalence and intensity of infection with gastrointestinal helminths of Dorper sheep in relation to age and weather factors was carried out on a ranch in Kajiado district, a semi-arid area of Kenya for a period of 13 months (May 1999 to May 2000). Faecal samples from lambs (3 months to 1 year), yearlings (1-2 years) and adult breeding ewes (2-4 years) were examined for helminth egg output and helminth genus composition at 3-week intervals. The results indicated that the prevalence of strongyle and tapeworms infections were highest for lambs, followed by the adult breeding ewes and then for the yearlings. In all age groups the proportions of infected animals were higher during the wet season than in the dry season for both nematodes and tapeworms. The mean strongyle egg counts were higher during the dry season for lambs, but were higher during the wet season for the other age groups. Mixed strongyle infections were detected, with Trichostrongylus (55 %), Haemonchus (28 %), Cooperia (10.5 %) and Oesophagostomum (6.5 %) being the most frequently encountered genera throughout the study period. The trends in strongyle faecal egg counts indicated the occurrence of hypobiosis, with resumption of development towards the end of the dry season and at the onset of the short rains in October and November. Self-cure was also observed in September and November in all age groups, although less frequently in lactating ewes. The prevalence and intensities of infection with gastrointestinal helminths in this area appeared to be influenced by the age of the host and weather factors.

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